A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 995 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £809, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1990 kWh | 796 kWh | 1194 kWh | £204 | £119 | £323 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,400 |
| 3 kW | 2985 kWh | 1194 kWh | 1791 kWh | £306 | £179 | £485 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,599 |
| 4 kW | 3980 kWh | 1592 kWh | 2388 kWh | £408 | £239 | £647 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,799 |
| 5 kW | 4975 kWh | 1990 kWh | 2985 kWh | £510 | £299 | £809 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,999 |
| 6 kW | 5970 kWh | 2388 kWh | 3582 kWh | £612 | £358 | £970 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,199 |
| 7 kW | 6965 kWh | 2786 kWh | 4179 kWh | £714 | £418 | £1,132 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,399 |
| 8 kW | 7960 kWh | 3184 kWh | 4776 kWh | £816 | £478 | £1,294 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,599 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £964, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1990 kWh | 1194 kWh | 796 kWh | £306 | £80 | £386 | £6,169 | 16.0 yrs | £1,544 |
| 3 kW | 2985 kWh | 1791 kWh | 1194 kWh | £459 | £119 | £578 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,366 |
| 4 kW | 3980 kWh | 2388 kWh | 1592 kWh | £612 | £159 | £771 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,188 |
| 5 kW | 4975 kWh | 2985 kWh | 1990 kWh | £765 | £199 | £964 | £12,273 | 12.7 yrs | £7,010 |
| 6 kW | 5970 kWh | 3582 kWh | 2388 kWh | £918 | £239 | £1,157 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,832 |
| 7 kW | 6965 kWh | 4179 kWh | 2786 kWh | £1,071 | £279 | £1,350 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,654 |
| 8 kW | 7960 kWh | 4776 kWh | 3184 kWh | £1,224 | £318 | £1,543 | £18,376 | 11.9 yrs | £12,476 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,042, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1990 kWh | 1393 kWh | 597 kWh | £357 | £60 | £417 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £766 |
| 3 kW | 2985 kWh | 2090 kWh | 896 kWh | £536 | £90 | £625 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,899 |
| 4 kW | 3980 kWh | 2786 kWh | 1194 kWh | £714 | £119 | £834 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £5,032 |
| 5 kW | 4975 kWh | 3483 kWh | 1493 kWh | £893 | £149 | £1,042 | £13,673 | 13.1 yrs | £7,165 |
| 6 kW | 5970 kWh | 4179 kWh | 1791 kWh | £1,071 | £179 | £1,250 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,298 |
| 7 kW | 6965 kWh | 4876 kWh | 2090 kWh | £1,250 | £209 | £1,459 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,431 |
| 8 kW | 7960 kWh | 5572 kWh | 2388 kWh | £1,428 | £239 | £1,667 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,564 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,065, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1990 kWh | 1453 kWh | 537 kWh | £372 | £54 | £426 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-797 |
| 3 kW | 2985 kWh | 2179 kWh | 806 kWh | £559 | £81 | £639 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,429 |
| 4 kW | 3980 kWh | 2906 kWh | 1075 kWh | £745 | £107 | £852 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,655 |
| 5 kW | 4975 kWh | 3632 kWh | 1343 kWh | £931 | £134 | £1,065 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,882 |
| 6 kW | 5970 kWh | 4358 kWh | 1612 kWh | £1,117 | £161 | £1,278 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,108 |
| 7 kW | 6965 kWh | 5085 kWh | 1881 kWh | £1,303 | £188 | £1,491 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,334 |
| 8 kW | 7960 kWh | 5811 kWh | 2149 kWh | £1,489 | £215 | £1,704 | £21,526 | 12.6 yrs | £12,561 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,081, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1990 kWh | 1493 kWh | 498 kWh | £383 | £50 | £432 | £11,069 | 25.6 yrs | £-2,423 |
| 3 kW | 2985 kWh | 2239 kWh | 746 kWh | £574 | £75 | £648 | £13,104 | 20.2 yrs | £-134 |
| 4 kW | 3980 kWh | 2985 kWh | 995 kWh | £765 | £100 | £865 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,154 |
| 5 kW | 4975 kWh | 3731 kWh | 1244 kWh | £956 | £124 | £1,081 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,443 |
| 6 kW | 5970 kWh | 4478 kWh | 1493 kWh | £1,148 | £149 | £1,297 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,731 |
| 7 kW | 6965 kWh | 5224 kWh | 1741 kWh | £1,339 | £174 | £1,513 | £21,242 | 14.0 yrs | £9,020 |
| 8 kW | 7960 kWh | 5970 kWh | 1990 kWh | £1,530 | £199 | £1,729 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,308 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,096, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1990 kWh | 1532 kWh | 458 kWh | £393 | £46 | £439 | £13,519 | 30.8 yrs | £-4,749 |
| 3 kW | 2985 kWh | 2299 kWh | 687 kWh | £589 | £69 | £658 | £15,554 | 23.6 yrs | £-2,398 |
| 4 kW | 3980 kWh | 3065 kWh | 915 kWh | £786 | £92 | £877 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-47 |
| 5 kW | 4975 kWh | 3831 kWh | 1144 kWh | £982 | £114 | £1,096 | £19,623 | 17.9 yrs | £2,304 |
| 6 kW | 5970 kWh | 4597 kWh | 1373 kWh | £1,178 | £137 | £1,316 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,654 |
| 7 kW | 6965 kWh | 5363 kWh | 1602 kWh | £1,375 | £160 | £1,535 | £23,692 | 15.4 yrs | £7,005 |
| 8 kW | 7960 kWh | 6130 kWh | 1831 kWh | £1,571 | £183 | £1,754 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,356 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.