A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 992 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £806, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 794 kWh | 1190 kWh | £203 | £119 | £322 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,379 |
| 3 kW | 2976 kWh | 1190 kWh | 1785 kWh | £305 | £179 | £484 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,568 |
| 4 kW | 3968 kWh | 1587 kWh | 2381 kWh | £407 | £238 | £645 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,758 |
| 5 kW | 4959 kWh | 1984 kWh | 2976 kWh | £508 | £298 | £806 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,947 |
| 6 kW | 5951 kWh | 2381 kWh | 3571 kWh | £610 | £357 | £967 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,137 |
| 7 kW | 6943 kWh | 2777 kWh | 4166 kWh | £712 | £417 | £1,128 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,326 |
| 8 kW | 7935 kWh | 3174 kWh | 4761 kWh | £814 | £476 | £1,290 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,516 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1190 kWh | 794 kWh | £305 | £79 | £384 | £6,169 | 16.0 yrs | £1,519 |
| 3 kW | 2976 kWh | 1785 kWh | 1190 kWh | £458 | £119 | £577 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,329 |
| 4 kW | 3968 kWh | 2381 kWh | 1587 kWh | £610 | £159 | £769 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,138 |
| 5 kW | 4959 kWh | 2976 kWh | 1984 kWh | £763 | £198 | £961 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,948 |
| 6 kW | 5951 kWh | 3571 kWh | 2381 kWh | £915 | £238 | £1,153 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,758 |
| 7 kW | 6943 kWh | 4166 kWh | 2777 kWh | £1,068 | £278 | £1,345 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,567 |
| 8 kW | 7935 kWh | 4761 kWh | 3174 kWh | £1,220 | £317 | £1,538 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,377 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,039, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1389 kWh | 595 kWh | £356 | £60 | £415 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £739 |
| 3 kW | 2976 kWh | 2083 kWh | 893 kWh | £534 | £89 | £623 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,859 |
| 4 kW | 3968 kWh | 2777 kWh | 1190 kWh | £712 | £119 | £831 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,979 |
| 5 kW | 4959 kWh | 3472 kWh | 1488 kWh | £890 | £149 | £1,039 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,098 |
| 6 kW | 5951 kWh | 4166 kWh | 1785 kWh | £1,068 | £179 | £1,246 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,218 |
| 7 kW | 6943 kWh | 4860 kWh | 2083 kWh | £1,246 | £208 | £1,454 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,338 |
| 8 kW | 7935 kWh | 5555 kWh | 2381 kWh | £1,424 | £238 | £1,662 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,457 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,062, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1448 kWh | 536 kWh | £371 | £54 | £425 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-825 |
| 3 kW | 2976 kWh | 2172 kWh | 803 kWh | £557 | £80 | £637 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,388 |
| 4 kW | 3968 kWh | 2896 kWh | 1071 kWh | £742 | £107 | £849 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,601 |
| 5 kW | 4959 kWh | 3620 kWh | 1339 kWh | £928 | £134 | £1,062 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,814 |
| 6 kW | 5951 kWh | 4344 kWh | 1607 kWh | £1,113 | £161 | £1,274 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,026 |
| 7 kW | 6943 kWh | 5069 kWh | 1875 kWh | £1,299 | £187 | £1,487 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,239 |
| 8 kW | 7935 kWh | 5793 kWh | 2142 kWh | £1,485 | £214 | £1,699 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,452 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1488 kWh | 496 kWh | £381 | £50 | £431 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,451 |
| 3 kW | 2976 kWh | 2232 kWh | 744 kWh | £572 | £74 | £646 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-176 |
| 4 kW | 3968 kWh | 2976 kWh | 992 kWh | £763 | £99 | £862 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,099 |
| 5 kW | 4959 kWh | 3720 kWh | 1240 kWh | £953 | £124 | £1,077 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,374 |
| 6 kW | 5951 kWh | 4463 kWh | 1488 kWh | £1,144 | £149 | £1,293 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,648 |
| 7 kW | 6943 kWh | 5207 kWh | 1736 kWh | £1,335 | £174 | £1,508 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,923 |
| 8 kW | 7935 kWh | 5951 kWh | 1984 kWh | £1,525 | £198 | £1,724 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,198 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1984 kWh | 1527 kWh | 456 kWh | £391 | £46 | £437 | £13,519 | 30.9 yrs | £-4,777 |
| 3 kW | 2976 kWh | 2291 kWh | 684 kWh | £587 | £68 | £656 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,440 |
| 4 kW | 3968 kWh | 3055 kWh | 913 kWh | £783 | £91 | £874 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-103 |
| 5 kW | 4959 kWh | 3819 kWh | 1141 kWh | £979 | £114 | £1,093 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,234 |
| 6 kW | 5951 kWh | 4582 kWh | 1369 kWh | £1,174 | £137 | £1,311 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,570 |
| 7 kW | 6943 kWh | 5346 kWh | 1597 kWh | £1,370 | £160 | £1,530 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,907 |
| 8 kW | 7935 kWh | 6110 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,566 | £183 | £1,748 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,244 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.