A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 891 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £724, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1781 kWh | 713 kWh | 1069 kWh | £183 | £107 | £290 | £4,069 | 14.1 yrs | £1,722 |
| 3 kW | 2672 kWh | 1069 kWh | 1603 kWh | £274 | £160 | £434 | £6,104 | 14.1 yrs | £2,584 |
| 4 kW | 3563 kWh | 1425 kWh | 2138 kWh | £365 | £214 | £579 | £8,138 | 14.1 yrs | £3,445 |
| 5 kW | 4453 kWh | 1781 kWh | 2672 kWh | £457 | £267 | £724 | £10,173 | 14.1 yrs | £4,306 |
| 6 kW | 5344 kWh | 2138 kWh | 3206 kWh | £548 | £321 | £869 | £12,207 | 14.1 yrs | £5,167 |
| 7 kW | 6235 kWh | 2494 kWh | 3741 kWh | £639 | £374 | £1,013 | £14,242 | 14.1 yrs | £6,028 |
| 8 kW | 7125 kWh | 2850 kWh | 4275 kWh | £731 | £428 | £1,158 | £16,276 | 14.1 yrs | £6,889 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £863, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1781 kWh | 1069 kWh | 713 kWh | £274 | £71 | £345 | £6,169 | 17.9 yrs | £737 |
| 3 kW | 2672 kWh | 1603 kWh | 1069 kWh | £411 | £107 | £518 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,155 |
| 4 kW | 3563 kWh | 2138 kWh | 1425 kWh | £548 | £143 | £691 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,573 |
| 5 kW | 4453 kWh | 2672 kWh | 1781 kWh | £685 | £178 | £863 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £4,992 |
| 6 kW | 5344 kWh | 3206 kWh | 2138 kWh | £822 | £214 | £1,036 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,410 |
| 7 kW | 6235 kWh | 3741 kWh | 2494 kWh | £959 | £249 | £1,209 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,829 |
| 8 kW | 7125 kWh | 4275 kWh | 2850 kWh | £1,096 | £285 | £1,381 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,247 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £933, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1781 kWh | 1247 kWh | 534 kWh | £320 | £53 | £373 | £7,569 | 20.3 yrs | £-106 |
| 3 kW | 2672 kWh | 1870 kWh | 802 kWh | £480 | £80 | £560 | £9,604 | 17.2 yrs | £1,591 |
| 4 kW | 3563 kWh | 2494 kWh | 1069 kWh | £639 | £107 | £746 | £11,638 | 15.6 yrs | £3,288 |
| 5 kW | 4453 kWh | 3117 kWh | 1336 kWh | £799 | £134 | £933 | £13,673 | 14.7 yrs | £4,985 |
| 6 kW | 5344 kWh | 3741 kWh | 1603 kWh | £959 | £160 | £1,119 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,682 |
| 7 kW | 6235 kWh | 4364 kWh | 1870 kWh | £1,119 | £187 | £1,306 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,379 |
| 8 kW | 7125 kWh | 4988 kWh | 2138 kWh | £1,279 | £214 | £1,493 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,076 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1781 kWh | 1300 kWh | 481 kWh | £333 | £48 | £382 | £9,319 | 24.4 yrs | £-1,689 |
| 3 kW | 2672 kWh | 1951 kWh | 721 kWh | £500 | £72 | £572 | £11,354 | 19.8 yrs | £92 |
| 4 kW | 3563 kWh | 2601 kWh | 962 kWh | £667 | £96 | £763 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,872 |
| 5 kW | 4453 kWh | 3251 kWh | 1202 kWh | £834 | £120 | £954 | £15,423 | 16.2 yrs | £3,653 |
| 6 kW | 5344 kWh | 3901 kWh | 1443 kWh | £1,000 | £144 | £1,145 | £17,457 | 15.3 yrs | £5,433 |
| 7 kW | 6235 kWh | 4551 kWh | 1683 kWh | £1,167 | £168 | £1,335 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,214 |
| 8 kW | 7125 kWh | 5201 kWh | 1924 kWh | £1,334 | £192 | £1,526 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £8,994 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1781 kWh | 1336 kWh | 445 kWh | £343 | £45 | £387 | £11,069 | 28.6 yrs | £-3,327 |
| 3 kW | 2672 kWh | 2004 kWh | 668 kWh | £514 | £67 | £581 | £13,104 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,491 |
| 4 kW | 3563 kWh | 2672 kWh | 891 kWh | £685 | £89 | £774 | £15,138 | 19.6 yrs | £345 |
| 5 kW | 4453 kWh | 3340 kWh | 1113 kWh | £856 | £111 | £968 | £17,173 | 17.7 yrs | £2,181 |
| 6 kW | 5344 kWh | 4008 kWh | 1336 kWh | £1,028 | £134 | £1,161 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,018 |
| 7 kW | 6235 kWh | 4676 kWh | 1559 kWh | £1,199 | £156 | £1,355 | £21,242 | 15.7 yrs | £5,854 |
| 8 kW | 7125 kWh | 5344 kWh | 1781 kWh | £1,370 | £178 | £1,548 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,690 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1781 kWh | 1372 kWh | 410 kWh | £352 | £41 | £393 | £13,519 | 34.4 yrs | £-5,666 |
| 3 kW | 2672 kWh | 2057 kWh | 615 kWh | £528 | £61 | £589 | £15,554 | 26.4 yrs | £-3,774 |
| 4 kW | 3563 kWh | 2743 kWh | 819 kWh | £703 | £82 | £785 | £17,588 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,882 |
| 5 kW | 4453 kWh | 3429 kWh | 1024 kWh | £879 | £102 | £982 | £19,623 | 20.0 yrs | £10 |
| 6 kW | 5344 kWh | 4115 kWh | 1229 kWh | £1,055 | £123 | £1,178 | £21,657 | 18.4 yrs | £1,902 |
| 7 kW | 6235 kWh | 4801 kWh | 1434 kWh | £1,231 | £143 | £1,374 | £23,692 | 17.2 yrs | £3,794 |
| 8 kW | 7125 kWh | 5486 kWh | 1639 kWh | £1,407 | £164 | £1,571 | £25,726 | 16.4 yrs | £5,686 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.