A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 899 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 719 kWh | 1079 kWh | £184 | £108 | £292 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,778 |
| 3 kW | 2698 kWh | 1079 kWh | 1619 kWh | £277 | £162 | £439 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,667 |
| 4 kW | 3597 kWh | 1439 kWh | 2158 kWh | £369 | £216 | £585 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,556 |
| 5 kW | 4496 kWh | 1798 kWh | 2698 kWh | £461 | £270 | £731 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,445 |
| 6 kW | 5395 kWh | 2158 kWh | 3237 kWh | £553 | £324 | £877 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,334 |
| 7 kW | 6295 kWh | 2518 kWh | 3777 kWh | £646 | £378 | £1,023 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,223 |
| 8 kW | 7194 kWh | 2878 kWh | 4316 kWh | £738 | £432 | £1,169 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,112 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £872, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1079 kWh | 719 kWh | £277 | £72 | £349 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £803 |
| 3 kW | 2698 kWh | 1619 kWh | 1079 kWh | £415 | £108 | £523 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,255 |
| 4 kW | 3597 kWh | 2158 kWh | 1439 kWh | £553 | £144 | £697 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,706 |
| 5 kW | 4496 kWh | 2698 kWh | 1798 kWh | £692 | £180 | £872 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,158 |
| 6 kW | 5395 kWh | 3237 kWh | 2158 kWh | £830 | £216 | £1,046 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,610 |
| 7 kW | 6295 kWh | 3777 kWh | 2518 kWh | £968 | £252 | £1,220 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,061 |
| 8 kW | 7194 kWh | 4316 kWh | 2878 kWh | £1,107 | £288 | £1,394 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,513 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £942, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1259 kWh | 540 kWh | £323 | £54 | £377 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-34 |
| 3 kW | 2698 kWh | 1888 kWh | 809 kWh | £484 | £81 | £565 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,699 |
| 4 kW | 3597 kWh | 2518 kWh | 1079 kWh | £646 | £108 | £753 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,431 |
| 5 kW | 4496 kWh | 3147 kWh | 1349 kWh | £807 | £135 | £942 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,164 |
| 6 kW | 5395 kWh | 3777 kWh | 1619 kWh | £968 | £162 | £1,130 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,897 |
| 7 kW | 6295 kWh | 4406 kWh | 1888 kWh | £1,130 | £189 | £1,319 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,630 |
| 8 kW | 7194 kWh | 5036 kWh | 2158 kWh | £1,291 | £216 | £1,507 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,363 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £963, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1313 kWh | 486 kWh | £337 | £49 | £385 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,616 |
| 3 kW | 2698 kWh | 1969 kWh | 728 kWh | £505 | £73 | £578 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £202 |
| 4 kW | 3597 kWh | 2626 kWh | 971 kWh | £673 | £97 | £770 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £2,019 |
| 5 kW | 4496 kWh | 3282 kWh | 1214 kWh | £842 | £121 | £963 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,836 |
| 6 kW | 5395 kWh | 3939 kWh | 1457 kWh | £1,010 | £146 | £1,156 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,653 |
| 7 kW | 6295 kWh | 4595 kWh | 1700 kWh | £1,178 | £170 | £1,348 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,471 |
| 8 kW | 7194 kWh | 5251 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,346 | £194 | £1,541 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,288 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £977, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1349 kWh | 450 kWh | £346 | £45 | £391 | £11,069 | 28.3 yrs | £-3,253 |
| 3 kW | 2698 kWh | 2023 kWh | 674 kWh | £519 | £67 | £586 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,379 |
| 4 kW | 3597 kWh | 2698 kWh | 899 kWh | £692 | £90 | £782 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £494 |
| 5 kW | 4496 kWh | 3372 kWh | 1124 kWh | £865 | £112 | £977 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,368 |
| 6 kW | 5395 kWh | 4046 kWh | 1349 kWh | £1,038 | £135 | £1,172 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,241 |
| 7 kW | 6295 kWh | 4721 kWh | 1574 kWh | £1,210 | £157 | £1,368 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,115 |
| 8 kW | 7194 kWh | 5395 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,383 | £180 | £1,563 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,988 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1798 kWh | 1385 kWh | 414 kWh | £355 | £41 | £396 | £13,519 | 34.1 yrs | £-5,590 |
| 3 kW | 2698 kWh | 2077 kWh | 620 kWh | £533 | £62 | £595 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,661 |
| 4 kW | 3597 kWh | 2770 kWh | 827 kWh | £710 | £83 | £793 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,731 |
| 5 kW | 4496 kWh | 3462 kWh | 1034 kWh | £888 | £103 | £991 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £199 |
| 6 kW | 5395 kWh | 4154 kWh | 1241 kWh | £1,065 | £124 | £1,189 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,129 |
| 7 kW | 6295 kWh | 4847 kWh | 1448 kWh | £1,243 | £145 | £1,387 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,058 |
| 8 kW | 7194 kWh | 5539 kWh | 1655 kWh | £1,420 | £165 | £1,586 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £5,988 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.