A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 910 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £739, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1819 kWh | 728 kWh | 1091 kWh | £187 | £109 | £296 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,845 |
| 3 kW | 2729 kWh | 1091 kWh | 1637 kWh | £280 | £164 | £444 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,768 |
| 4 kW | 3638 kWh | 1455 kWh | 2183 kWh | £373 | £218 | £591 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,691 |
| 5 kW | 4548 kWh | 1819 kWh | 2729 kWh | £466 | £273 | £739 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,613 |
| 6 kW | 5457 kWh | 2183 kWh | 3274 kWh | £560 | £327 | £887 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,536 |
| 7 kW | 6367 kWh | 2547 kWh | 3820 kWh | £653 | £382 | £1,035 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,459 |
| 8 kW | 7276 kWh | 2911 kWh | 4366 kWh | £746 | £437 | £1,183 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,381 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £882, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1819 kWh | 1091 kWh | 728 kWh | £280 | £73 | £353 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £883 |
| 3 kW | 2729 kWh | 1637 kWh | 1091 kWh | £420 | £109 | £529 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,375 |
| 4 kW | 3638 kWh | 2183 kWh | 1455 kWh | £560 | £146 | £705 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,867 |
| 5 kW | 4548 kWh | 2729 kWh | 1819 kWh | £700 | £182 | £882 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,358 |
| 6 kW | 5457 kWh | 3274 kWh | 2183 kWh | £840 | £218 | £1,058 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,850 |
| 7 kW | 6367 kWh | 3820 kWh | 2547 kWh | £979 | £255 | £1,234 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,342 |
| 8 kW | 7276 kWh | 4366 kWh | 2911 kWh | £1,119 | £291 | £1,410 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,833 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £953, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1819 kWh | 1273 kWh | 546 kWh | £326 | £55 | £381 | £7,569 | 19.9 yrs | £52 |
| 3 kW | 2729 kWh | 1910 kWh | 819 kWh | £490 | £82 | £572 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,829 |
| 4 kW | 3638 kWh | 2547 kWh | 1091 kWh | £653 | £109 | £762 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,605 |
| 5 kW | 4548 kWh | 3183 kWh | 1364 kWh | £816 | £136 | £953 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,381 |
| 6 kW | 5457 kWh | 3820 kWh | 1637 kWh | £979 | £164 | £1,143 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,157 |
| 7 kW | 6367 kWh | 4457 kWh | 1910 kWh | £1,143 | £191 | £1,334 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,933 |
| 8 kW | 7276 kWh | 5094 kWh | 2183 kWh | £1,306 | £218 | £1,524 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,709 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1819 kWh | 1328 kWh | 491 kWh | £340 | £49 | £390 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,527 |
| 3 kW | 2729 kWh | 1992 kWh | 737 kWh | £511 | £74 | £584 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £335 |
| 4 kW | 3638 kWh | 2656 kWh | 982 kWh | £681 | £98 | £779 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,196 |
| 5 kW | 4548 kWh | 3320 kWh | 1228 kWh | £851 | £123 | £974 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,058 |
| 6 kW | 5457 kWh | 3984 kWh | 1473 kWh | £1,021 | £147 | £1,169 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,919 |
| 7 kW | 6367 kWh | 4648 kWh | 1719 kWh | £1,192 | £172 | £1,364 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,781 |
| 8 kW | 7276 kWh | 5312 kWh | 1965 kWh | £1,362 | £196 | £1,558 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,642 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1819 kWh | 1364 kWh | 455 kWh | £350 | £45 | £395 | £11,069 | 28.0 yrs | £-3,163 |
| 3 kW | 2729 kWh | 2047 kWh | 682 kWh | £525 | £68 | £593 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,245 |
| 4 kW | 3638 kWh | 2729 kWh | 910 kWh | £700 | £91 | £791 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £674 |
| 5 kW | 4548 kWh | 3411 kWh | 1137 kWh | £875 | £114 | £988 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,592 |
| 6 kW | 5457 kWh | 4093 kWh | 1364 kWh | £1,049 | £136 | £1,186 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,511 |
| 7 kW | 6367 kWh | 4775 kWh | 1592 kWh | £1,224 | £159 | £1,384 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,429 |
| 8 kW | 7276 kWh | 5457 kWh | 1819 kWh | £1,399 | £182 | £1,581 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,348 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1819 kWh | 1401 kWh | 418 kWh | £359 | £42 | £401 | £13,519 | 33.7 yrs | £-5,499 |
| 3 kW | 2729 kWh | 2101 kWh | 628 kWh | £539 | £63 | £601 | £15,554 | 25.9 yrs | £-3,524 |
| 4 kW | 3638 kWh | 2801 kWh | 837 kWh | £718 | £84 | £802 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,549 |
| 5 kW | 4548 kWh | 3502 kWh | 1046 kWh | £898 | £105 | £1,002 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £427 |
| 6 kW | 5457 kWh | 4202 kWh | 1255 kWh | £1,077 | £126 | £1,203 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,402 |
| 7 kW | 6367 kWh | 4903 kWh | 1464 kWh | £1,257 | £146 | £1,403 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,377 |
| 8 kW | 7276 kWh | 5603 kWh | 1674 kWh | £1,437 | £167 | £1,604 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,353 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.