A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1039 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £863, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2078 kWh | 831 kWh | 1247 kWh | £221 | £125 | £345 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,835 |
| 3 kW | 3117 kWh | 1247 kWh | 1870 kWh | £331 | £187 | £518 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,252 |
| 4 kW | 4156 kWh | 1662 kWh | 2493 kWh | £441 | £249 | £690 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,669 |
| 5 kW | 5195 kWh | 2078 kWh | 3117 kWh | £551 | £312 | £863 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,086 |
| 6 kW | 6234 kWh | 2493 kWh | 3740 kWh | £662 | £374 | £1,036 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,504 |
| 7 kW | 7273 kWh | 2909 kWh | 4364 kWh | £772 | £436 | £1,208 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,921 |
| 8 kW | 8312 kWh | 3325 kWh | 4987 kWh | £882 | £499 | £1,381 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,338 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2078 kWh | 1247 kWh | 831 kWh | £331 | £83 | £414 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,109 |
| 3 kW | 3117 kWh | 1870 kWh | 1247 kWh | £496 | £125 | £621 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,213 |
| 4 kW | 4156 kWh | 2493 kWh | 1662 kWh | £662 | £166 | £828 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,317 |
| 5 kW | 5195 kWh | 3117 kWh | 2078 kWh | £827 | £208 | £1,035 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,421 |
| 6 kW | 6234 kWh | 3740 kWh | 2493 kWh | £992 | £249 | £1,242 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,526 |
| 7 kW | 7273 kWh | 4364 kWh | 2909 kWh | £1,158 | £291 | £1,449 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,630 |
| 8 kW | 8312 kWh | 4987 kWh | 3325 kWh | £1,323 | £332 | £1,656 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,734 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,121, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2078 kWh | 1455 kWh | 623 kWh | £386 | £62 | £448 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,395 |
| 3 kW | 3117 kWh | 2182 kWh | 935 kWh | £579 | £94 | £672 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,843 |
| 4 kW | 4156 kWh | 2909 kWh | 1247 kWh | £772 | £125 | £896 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,291 |
| 5 kW | 5195 kWh | 3636 kWh | 1558 kWh | £965 | £156 | £1,121 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,739 |
| 6 kW | 6234 kWh | 4364 kWh | 1870 kWh | £1,158 | £187 | £1,345 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,186 |
| 7 kW | 7273 kWh | 5091 kWh | 2182 kWh | £1,351 | £218 | £1,569 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,634 |
| 8 kW | 8312 kWh | 5818 kWh | 2493 kWh | £1,544 | £249 | £1,793 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,082 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,146, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2078 kWh | 1517 kWh | 561 kWh | £402 | £56 | £459 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-148 |
| 3 kW | 3117 kWh | 2275 kWh | 842 kWh | £604 | £84 | £688 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,402 |
| 4 kW | 4156 kWh | 3034 kWh | 1122 kWh | £805 | £112 | £917 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,953 |
| 5 kW | 5195 kWh | 3792 kWh | 1403 kWh | £1,006 | £140 | £1,146 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,504 |
| 6 kW | 6234 kWh | 4551 kWh | 1683 kWh | £1,207 | £168 | £1,376 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,055 |
| 7 kW | 7273 kWh | 5309 kWh | 1964 kWh | £1,408 | £196 | £1,605 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,605 |
| 8 kW | 8312 kWh | 6067 kWh | 2244 kWh | £1,610 | £224 | £1,834 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,156 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,163, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2078 kWh | 1558 kWh | 519 kWh | £413 | £52 | £465 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,761 |
| 3 kW | 3117 kWh | 2338 kWh | 779 kWh | £620 | £78 | £698 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £858 |
| 4 kW | 4156 kWh | 3117 kWh | 1039 kWh | £827 | £104 | £931 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,478 |
| 5 kW | 5195 kWh | 3896 kWh | 1299 kWh | £1,034 | £130 | £1,163 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,097 |
| 6 kW | 6234 kWh | 4675 kWh | 1558 kWh | £1,240 | £156 | £1,396 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,717 |
| 7 kW | 7273 kWh | 5454 kWh | 1818 kWh | £1,447 | £182 | £1,629 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,336 |
| 8 kW | 8312 kWh | 6234 kWh | 2078 kWh | £1,654 | £208 | £1,862 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,956 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,181, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2078 kWh | 1600 kWh | 478 kWh | £424 | £48 | £472 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,074 |
| 3 kW | 3117 kWh | 2400 kWh | 717 kWh | £637 | £72 | £708 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,386 |
| 4 kW | 4156 kWh | 3200 kWh | 956 kWh | £849 | £96 | £945 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,303 |
| 5 kW | 5195 kWh | 4000 kWh | 1195 kWh | £1,061 | £119 | £1,181 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £3,991 |
| 6 kW | 6234 kWh | 4800 kWh | 1434 kWh | £1,273 | £143 | £1,417 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,679 |
| 7 kW | 7273 kWh | 5600 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,486 | £167 | £1,653 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,367 |
| 8 kW | 8312 kWh | 6400 kWh | 1912 kWh | £1,698 | £191 | £1,889 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,055 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.