A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1035 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £860, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2071 kWh | 828 kWh | 1243 kWh | £220 | £124 | £344 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,811 |
| 3 kW | 3106 kWh | 1243 kWh | 1864 kWh | £330 | £186 | £516 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,217 |
| 4 kW | 4142 kWh | 1657 kWh | 2485 kWh | £440 | £249 | £688 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,623 |
| 5 kW | 5177 kWh | 2071 kWh | 3106 kWh | £549 | £311 | £860 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,028 |
| 6 kW | 6213 kWh | 2485 kWh | 3728 kWh | £659 | £373 | £1,032 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,434 |
| 7 kW | 7248 kWh | 2899 kWh | 4349 kWh | £769 | £435 | £1,204 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,840 |
| 8 kW | 8284 kWh | 3313 kWh | 4970 kWh | £879 | £497 | £1,376 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,245 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,031, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2071 kWh | 1243 kWh | 828 kWh | £330 | £83 | £412 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,081 |
| 3 kW | 3106 kWh | 1864 kWh | 1243 kWh | £494 | £124 | £619 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,171 |
| 4 kW | 4142 kWh | 2485 kWh | 1657 kWh | £659 | £166 | £825 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,261 |
| 5 kW | 5177 kWh | 3106 kWh | 2071 kWh | £824 | £207 | £1,031 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,352 |
| 6 kW | 6213 kWh | 3728 kWh | 2485 kWh | £989 | £249 | £1,237 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,442 |
| 7 kW | 7248 kWh | 4349 kWh | 2899 kWh | £1,154 | £290 | £1,444 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,532 |
| 8 kW | 8284 kWh | 4970 kWh | 3313 kWh | £1,319 | £331 | £1,650 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,622 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,117, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2071 kWh | 1450 kWh | 621 kWh | £385 | £62 | £447 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,365 |
| 3 kW | 3106 kWh | 2174 kWh | 932 kWh | £577 | £93 | £670 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,798 |
| 4 kW | 4142 kWh | 2899 kWh | 1243 kWh | £769 | £124 | £893 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,231 |
| 5 kW | 5177 kWh | 3624 kWh | 1553 kWh | £961 | £155 | £1,117 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,663 |
| 6 kW | 6213 kWh | 4349 kWh | 1864 kWh | £1,154 | £186 | £1,340 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,096 |
| 7 kW | 7248 kWh | 5074 kWh | 2174 kWh | £1,346 | £217 | £1,563 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,528 |
| 8 kW | 8284 kWh | 5799 kWh | 2485 kWh | £1,538 | £249 | £1,787 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,961 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,142, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2071 kWh | 1512 kWh | 559 kWh | £401 | £56 | £457 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-179 |
| 3 kW | 3106 kWh | 2268 kWh | 839 kWh | £602 | £84 | £685 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,356 |
| 4 kW | 4142 kWh | 3024 kWh | 1118 kWh | £802 | £112 | £914 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,891 |
| 5 kW | 5177 kWh | 3779 kWh | 1398 kWh | £1,003 | £140 | £1,142 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,427 |
| 6 kW | 6213 kWh | 4535 kWh | 1677 kWh | £1,203 | £168 | £1,371 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £9,962 |
| 7 kW | 7248 kWh | 5291 kWh | 1957 kWh | £1,404 | £196 | £1,599 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,497 |
| 8 kW | 8284 kWh | 6047 kWh | 2237 kWh | £1,604 | £224 | £1,828 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £15,033 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,160, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2071 kWh | 1553 kWh | 518 kWh | £412 | £52 | £464 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,792 |
| 3 kW | 3106 kWh | 2330 kWh | 777 kWh | £618 | £78 | £696 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £811 |
| 4 kW | 4142 kWh | 3106 kWh | 1035 kWh | £824 | £104 | £928 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,415 |
| 5 kW | 5177 kWh | 3883 kWh | 1294 kWh | £1,030 | £129 | £1,160 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,019 |
| 6 kW | 6213 kWh | 4660 kWh | 1553 kWh | £1,236 | £155 | £1,391 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,623 |
| 7 kW | 7248 kWh | 5436 kWh | 1812 kWh | £1,442 | £181 | £1,623 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,227 |
| 8 kW | 8284 kWh | 6213 kWh | 2071 kWh | £1,648 | £207 | £1,855 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,830 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,177, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2071 kWh | 1595 kWh | 476 kWh | £423 | £48 | £471 | £13,519 | 28.7 yrs | £-4,105 |
| 3 kW | 3106 kWh | 2392 kWh | 714 kWh | £635 | £71 | £706 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,433 |
| 4 kW | 4142 kWh | 3189 kWh | 953 kWh | £846 | £95 | £941 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,239 |
| 5 kW | 5177 kWh | 3986 kWh | 1191 kWh | £1,058 | £119 | £1,177 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,911 |
| 6 kW | 6213 kWh | 4784 kWh | 1429 kWh | £1,269 | £143 | £1,412 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,584 |
| 7 kW | 7248 kWh | 5581 kWh | 1667 kWh | £1,481 | £167 | £1,647 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,256 |
| 8 kW | 8284 kWh | 6378 kWh | 1905 kWh | £1,692 | £191 | £1,883 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,928 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.