A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 917 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £742, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1835 kWh | 734 kWh | 1101 kWh | £187 | £110 | £297 | £4,069 | 13.7 yrs | £1,865 |
| 3 kW | 2752 kWh | 1101 kWh | 1651 kWh | £280 | £165 | £445 | £6,104 | 13.7 yrs | £2,798 |
| 4 kW | 3669 kWh | 1468 kWh | 2202 kWh | £373 | £220 | £593 | £8,138 | 13.7 yrs | £3,730 |
| 5 kW | 4587 kWh | 1835 kWh | 2752 kWh | £467 | £275 | £742 | £10,173 | 13.7 yrs | £4,663 |
| 6 kW | 5504 kWh | 2202 kWh | 3302 kWh | £560 | £330 | £890 | £12,207 | 13.7 yrs | £5,595 |
| 7 kW | 6421 kWh | 2569 kWh | 3853 kWh | £653 | £385 | £1,038 | £14,242 | 13.7 yrs | £6,528 |
| 8 kW | 7339 kWh | 2936 kWh | 4403 kWh | £747 | £440 | £1,187 | £16,276 | 13.7 yrs | £7,461 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £883, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1835 kWh | 1101 kWh | 734 kWh | £280 | £73 | £353 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £898 |
| 3 kW | 2752 kWh | 1651 kWh | 1101 kWh | £420 | £110 | £530 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,396 |
| 4 kW | 3669 kWh | 2202 kWh | 1468 kWh | £560 | £147 | £707 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,895 |
| 5 kW | 4587 kWh | 2752 kWh | 1835 kWh | £700 | £183 | £883 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,394 |
| 6 kW | 5504 kWh | 3302 kWh | 2202 kWh | £840 | £220 | £1,060 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,893 |
| 7 kW | 6421 kWh | 3853 kWh | 2569 kWh | £980 | £257 | £1,237 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,391 |
| 8 kW | 7339 kWh | 4403 kWh | 2936 kWh | £1,120 | £294 | £1,413 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,890 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1835 kWh | 1284 kWh | 550 kWh | £327 | £55 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £64 |
| 3 kW | 2752 kWh | 1926 kWh | 826 kWh | £490 | £83 | £572 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,846 |
| 4 kW | 3669 kWh | 2569 kWh | 1101 kWh | £653 | £110 | £763 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,627 |
| 5 kW | 4587 kWh | 3211 kWh | 1376 kWh | £816 | £138 | £954 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,409 |
| 6 kW | 5504 kWh | 3853 kWh | 1651 kWh | £980 | £165 | £1,145 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,191 |
| 7 kW | 6421 kWh | 4495 kWh | 1926 kWh | £1,143 | £193 | £1,336 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,973 |
| 8 kW | 7339 kWh | 5137 kWh | 2202 kWh | £1,306 | £220 | £1,527 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,755 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £975, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1835 kWh | 1339 kWh | 495 kWh | £341 | £50 | £390 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,516 |
| 3 kW | 2752 kWh | 2009 kWh | 743 kWh | £511 | £74 | £585 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £350 |
| 4 kW | 3669 kWh | 2679 kWh | 991 kWh | £681 | £99 | £780 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,217 |
| 5 kW | 4587 kWh | 3348 kWh | 1238 kWh | £851 | £124 | £975 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,084 |
| 6 kW | 5504 kWh | 4018 kWh | 1486 kWh | £1,022 | £149 | £1,170 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,951 |
| 7 kW | 6421 kWh | 4688 kWh | 1734 kWh | £1,192 | £173 | £1,365 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,817 |
| 8 kW | 7339 kWh | 5357 kWh | 1981 kWh | £1,362 | £198 | £1,561 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,684 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £989, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1835 kWh | 1376 kWh | 459 kWh | £350 | £46 | £396 | £11,069 | 28.0 yrs | £-3,153 |
| 3 kW | 2752 kWh | 2064 kWh | 688 kWh | £525 | £69 | £594 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,230 |
| 4 kW | 3669 kWh | 2752 kWh | 917 kWh | £700 | £92 | £792 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £694 |
| 5 kW | 4587 kWh | 3440 kWh | 1147 kWh | £875 | £115 | £989 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,617 |
| 6 kW | 5504 kWh | 4128 kWh | 1376 kWh | £1,050 | £138 | £1,187 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,540 |
| 7 kW | 6421 kWh | 4816 kWh | 1605 kWh | £1,225 | £161 | £1,385 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,464 |
| 8 kW | 7339 kWh | 5504 kWh | 1835 kWh | £1,400 | £183 | £1,583 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,387 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1835 kWh | 1413 kWh | 422 kWh | £359 | £42 | £401 | £13,519 | 33.7 yrs | £-5,490 |
| 3 kW | 2752 kWh | 2119 kWh | 633 kWh | £539 | £63 | £602 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,510 |
| 4 kW | 3669 kWh | 2825 kWh | 844 kWh | £719 | £84 | £803 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,530 |
| 5 kW | 4587 kWh | 3532 kWh | 1055 kWh | £898 | £105 | £1,004 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £450 |
| 6 kW | 5504 kWh | 4238 kWh | 1266 kWh | £1,078 | £127 | £1,204 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,430 |
| 7 kW | 6421 kWh | 4945 kWh | 1477 kWh | £1,257 | £148 | £1,405 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,410 |
| 8 kW | 7339 kWh | 5651 kWh | 1688 kWh | £1,437 | £169 | £1,606 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,390 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.