A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1019 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £846, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2039 kWh | 816 kWh | 1223 kWh | £216 | £122 | £338 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,697 |
| 3 kW | 3058 kWh | 1223 kWh | 1835 kWh | £324 | £183 | £507 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,045 |
| 4 kW | 4078 kWh | 1631 kWh | 2447 kWh | £432 | £245 | £677 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,393 |
| 5 kW | 5097 kWh | 2039 kWh | 3058 kWh | £540 | £306 | £846 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,742 |
| 6 kW | 6117 kWh | 2447 kWh | 3670 kWh | £648 | £367 | £1,015 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,090 |
| 7 kW | 7136 kWh | 2854 kWh | 4282 kWh | £756 | £428 | £1,184 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,439 |
| 8 kW | 8155 kWh | 3262 kWh | 4893 kWh | £864 | £489 | £1,353 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,787 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,014, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2039 kWh | 1223 kWh | 816 kWh | £324 | £82 | £405 | £6,169 | 15.2 yrs | £1,941 |
| 3 kW | 3058 kWh | 1835 kWh | 1223 kWh | £486 | £122 | £608 | £8,204 | 13.5 yrs | £3,961 |
| 4 kW | 4078 kWh | 2447 kWh | 1631 kWh | £648 | £163 | £811 | £10,238 | 12.6 yrs | £5,981 |
| 5 kW | 5097 kWh | 3058 kWh | 2039 kWh | £810 | £204 | £1,014 | £12,273 | 12.1 yrs | £8,002 |
| 6 kW | 6117 kWh | 3670 kWh | 2447 kWh | £972 | £245 | £1,216 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £10,022 |
| 7 kW | 7136 kWh | 4282 kWh | 2854 kWh | £1,134 | £285 | £1,419 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £12,043 |
| 8 kW | 8155 kWh | 4893 kWh | 3262 kWh | £1,296 | £326 | £1,622 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,063 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,098, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2039 kWh | 1427 kWh | 612 kWh | £378 | £61 | £439 | £7,569 | 17.2 yrs | £1,213 |
| 3 kW | 3058 kWh | 2141 kWh | 917 kWh | £567 | £92 | £659 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,569 |
| 4 kW | 4078 kWh | 2854 kWh | 1223 kWh | £756 | £122 | £878 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,926 |
| 5 kW | 5097 kWh | 3568 kWh | 1529 kWh | £945 | £153 | £1,098 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,282 |
| 6 kW | 6117 kWh | 4282 kWh | 1835 kWh | £1,134 | £183 | £1,317 | £15,707 | 11.9 yrs | £10,638 |
| 7 kW | 7136 kWh | 4995 kWh | 2141 kWh | £1,323 | £214 | £1,537 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £12,995 |
| 8 kW | 8155 kWh | 5709 kWh | 2447 kWh | £1,512 | £245 | £1,756 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,351 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,123, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2039 kWh | 1488 kWh | 550 kWh | £394 | £55 | £449 | £9,319 | 20.7 yrs | £-336 |
| 3 kW | 3058 kWh | 2233 kWh | 826 kWh | £591 | £83 | £674 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,122 |
| 4 kW | 4078 kWh | 2977 kWh | 1101 kWh | £788 | £110 | £898 | £13,388 | 14.9 yrs | £4,579 |
| 5 kW | 5097 kWh | 3721 kWh | 1376 kWh | £985 | £138 | £1,123 | £15,423 | 13.7 yrs | £7,036 |
| 6 kW | 6117 kWh | 4465 kWh | 1651 kWh | £1,182 | £165 | £1,348 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,493 |
| 7 kW | 7136 kWh | 5209 kWh | 1927 kWh | £1,379 | £193 | £1,572 | £19,492 | 12.4 yrs | £11,950 |
| 8 kW | 8155 kWh | 5953 kWh | 2202 kWh | £1,576 | £220 | £1,797 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,407 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,140, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2039 kWh | 1529 kWh | 510 kWh | £405 | £51 | £456 | £11,069 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,951 |
| 3 kW | 3058 kWh | 2294 kWh | 765 kWh | £607 | £76 | £684 | £13,104 | 19.2 yrs | £573 |
| 4 kW | 4078 kWh | 3058 kWh | 1019 kWh | £810 | £102 | £912 | £15,138 | 16.6 yrs | £3,098 |
| 5 kW | 5097 kWh | 3823 kWh | 1274 kWh | £1,012 | £127 | £1,140 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,622 |
| 6 kW | 6117 kWh | 4587 kWh | 1529 kWh | £1,215 | £153 | £1,368 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,146 |
| 7 kW | 7136 kWh | 5352 kWh | 1784 kWh | £1,417 | £178 | £1,596 | £21,242 | 13.3 yrs | £10,671 |
| 8 kW | 8155 kWh | 6117 kWh | 2039 kWh | £1,620 | £204 | £1,824 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,195 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2039 kWh | 1570 kWh | 469 kWh | £416 | £47 | £463 | £13,519 | 29.2 yrs | £-4,267 |
| 3 kW | 3058 kWh | 2355 kWh | 703 kWh | £624 | £70 | £694 | £15,554 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,675 |
| 4 kW | 4078 kWh | 3140 kWh | 938 kWh | £831 | £94 | £925 | £17,588 | 19.0 yrs | £916 |
| 5 kW | 5097 kWh | 3925 kWh | 1172 kWh | £1,039 | £117 | £1,157 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,508 |
| 6 kW | 6117 kWh | 4710 kWh | 1407 kWh | £1,247 | £141 | £1,388 | £21,657 | 15.6 yrs | £6,099 |
| 7 kW | 7136 kWh | 5495 kWh | 1641 kWh | £1,455 | £164 | £1,619 | £23,692 | 14.6 yrs | £8,691 |
| 8 kW | 8155 kWh | 6280 kWh | 1876 kWh | £1,663 | £188 | £1,850 | £25,726 | 13.9 yrs | £11,283 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.