A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1031 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £856, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 825 kWh | 1238 kWh | £218 | £124 | £342 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,776 |
| 3 kW | 3094 kWh | 1238 kWh | 1857 kWh | £328 | £186 | £513 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,165 |
| 4 kW | 4126 kWh | 1650 kWh | 2475 kWh | £437 | £248 | £685 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,553 |
| 5 kW | 5157 kWh | 2063 kWh | 3094 kWh | £546 | £309 | £856 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,941 |
| 6 kW | 6189 kWh | 2475 kWh | 3713 kWh | £655 | £371 | £1,027 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,329 |
| 7 kW | 7220 kWh | 2888 kWh | 4332 kWh | £765 | £433 | £1,198 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,717 |
| 8 kW | 8251 kWh | 3301 kWh | 4951 kWh | £874 | £495 | £1,369 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,105 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1238 kWh | 825 kWh | £328 | £83 | £410 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,036 |
| 3 kW | 3094 kWh | 1857 kWh | 1238 kWh | £492 | £124 | £615 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,104 |
| 4 kW | 4126 kWh | 2475 kWh | 1650 kWh | £655 | £165 | £821 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,172 |
| 5 kW | 5157 kWh | 3094 kWh | 2063 kWh | £819 | £206 | £1,026 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,241 |
| 6 kW | 6189 kWh | 3713 kWh | 2475 kWh | £983 | £248 | £1,231 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,309 |
| 7 kW | 7220 kWh | 4332 kWh | 2888 kWh | £1,147 | £289 | £1,436 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,377 |
| 8 kW | 8251 kWh | 4951 kWh | 3301 kWh | £1,311 | £330 | £1,641 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,445 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,111, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1444 kWh | 619 kWh | £382 | £62 | £444 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,316 |
| 3 kW | 3094 kWh | 2166 kWh | 928 kWh | £574 | £93 | £666 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,724 |
| 4 kW | 4126 kWh | 2888 kWh | 1238 kWh | £765 | £124 | £889 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,132 |
| 5 kW | 5157 kWh | 3610 kWh | 1547 kWh | £956 | £155 | £1,111 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,540 |
| 6 kW | 6189 kWh | 4332 kWh | 1857 kWh | £1,147 | £186 | £1,333 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,948 |
| 7 kW | 7220 kWh | 5054 kWh | 2166 kWh | £1,338 | £217 | £1,555 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,356 |
| 8 kW | 8251 kWh | 5776 kWh | 2475 kWh | £1,529 | £248 | £1,777 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,765 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,136, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1506 kWh | 557 kWh | £399 | £56 | £454 | £9,319 | 20.5 yrs | £-230 |
| 3 kW | 3094 kWh | 2259 kWh | 835 kWh | £598 | £84 | £682 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,280 |
| 4 kW | 4126 kWh | 3012 kWh | 1114 kWh | £798 | £111 | £909 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,790 |
| 5 kW | 5157 kWh | 3765 kWh | 1392 kWh | £997 | £139 | £1,136 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,300 |
| 6 kW | 6189 kWh | 4518 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,196 | £167 | £1,363 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,810 |
| 7 kW | 7220 kWh | 5271 kWh | 1949 kWh | £1,396 | £195 | £1,591 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,320 |
| 8 kW | 8251 kWh | 6024 kWh | 2228 kWh | £1,595 | £223 | £1,818 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,830 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,153, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1547 kWh | 516 kWh | £410 | £52 | £461 | £11,069 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,844 |
| 3 kW | 3094 kWh | 2321 kWh | 774 kWh | £615 | £77 | £692 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £734 |
| 4 kW | 4126 kWh | 3094 kWh | 1031 kWh | £819 | £103 | £923 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,312 |
| 5 kW | 5157 kWh | 3868 kWh | 1289 kWh | £1,024 | £129 | £1,153 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,890 |
| 6 kW | 6189 kWh | 4641 kWh | 1547 kWh | £1,229 | £155 | £1,384 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,468 |
| 7 kW | 7220 kWh | 5415 kWh | 1805 kWh | £1,434 | £181 | £1,614 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £11,046 |
| 8 kW | 8251 kWh | 6189 kWh | 2063 kWh | £1,639 | £206 | £1,845 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,624 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,170, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2063 kWh | 1588 kWh | 474 kWh | £421 | £47 | £468 | £13,519 | 28.9 yrs | £-4,158 |
| 3 kW | 3094 kWh | 2383 kWh | 712 kWh | £631 | £71 | £702 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,512 |
| 4 kW | 4126 kWh | 3177 kWh | 949 kWh | £841 | £95 | £936 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,134 |
| 5 kW | 5157 kWh | 3971 kWh | 1186 kWh | £1,052 | £119 | £1,170 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,780 |
| 6 kW | 6189 kWh | 4765 kWh | 1423 kWh | £1,262 | £142 | £1,404 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,426 |
| 7 kW | 7220 kWh | 5559 kWh | 1661 kWh | £1,472 | £166 | £1,638 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £9,072 |
| 8 kW | 8251 kWh | 6354 kWh | 1898 kWh | £1,682 | £190 | £1,872 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,718 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.