A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1015 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £842, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 812 kWh | 1218 kWh | £215 | £122 | £337 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,665 |
| 3 kW | 3044 kWh | 1218 kWh | 1826 kWh | £322 | £183 | £505 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,997 |
| 4 kW | 4059 kWh | 1623 kWh | 2435 kWh | £430 | £244 | £673 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,330 |
| 5 kW | 5073 kWh | 2029 kWh | 3044 kWh | £537 | £304 | £842 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,662 |
| 6 kW | 6088 kWh | 2435 kWh | 3653 kWh | £645 | £365 | £1,010 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,995 |
| 7 kW | 7102 kWh | 2841 kWh | 4261 kWh | £752 | £426 | £1,178 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,327 |
| 8 kW | 8117 kWh | 3247 kWh | 4870 kWh | £860 | £487 | £1,347 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,660 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,009, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1218 kWh | 812 kWh | £322 | £81 | £404 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,903 |
| 3 kW | 3044 kWh | 1826 kWh | 1218 kWh | £484 | £122 | £605 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,904 |
| 4 kW | 4059 kWh | 2435 kWh | 1623 kWh | £645 | £162 | £807 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,905 |
| 5 kW | 5073 kWh | 3044 kWh | 2029 kWh | £806 | £203 | £1,009 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,906 |
| 6 kW | 6088 kWh | 3653 kWh | 2435 kWh | £967 | £244 | £1,211 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,908 |
| 7 kW | 7102 kWh | 4261 kWh | 2841 kWh | £1,128 | £284 | £1,413 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,909 |
| 8 kW | 8117 kWh | 4870 kWh | 3247 kWh | £1,290 | £325 | £1,614 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,910 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1420 kWh | 609 kWh | £376 | £61 | £437 | £7,569 | 17.3 yrs | £1,171 |
| 3 kW | 3044 kWh | 2131 kWh | 913 kWh | £564 | £91 | £656 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,507 |
| 4 kW | 4059 kWh | 2841 kWh | 1218 kWh | £752 | £122 | £874 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,843 |
| 5 kW | 5073 kWh | 3551 kWh | 1522 kWh | £940 | £152 | £1,093 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,179 |
| 6 kW | 6088 kWh | 4261 kWh | 1826 kWh | £1,128 | £183 | £1,311 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,514 |
| 7 kW | 7102 kWh | 4972 kWh | 2131 kWh | £1,317 | £213 | £1,530 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,850 |
| 8 kW | 8117 kWh | 5682 kWh | 2435 kWh | £1,505 | £244 | £1,748 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,186 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,118, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1481 kWh | 548 kWh | £392 | £55 | £447 | £9,319 | 20.8 yrs | £-378 |
| 3 kW | 3044 kWh | 2222 kWh | 822 kWh | £588 | £82 | £671 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,058 |
| 4 kW | 4059 kWh | 2963 kWh | 1096 kWh | £785 | £110 | £894 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,494 |
| 5 kW | 5073 kWh | 3703 kWh | 1370 kWh | £981 | £137 | £1,118 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,930 |
| 6 kW | 6088 kWh | 4444 kWh | 1644 kWh | £1,177 | £164 | £1,341 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,366 |
| 7 kW | 7102 kWh | 5185 kWh | 1918 kWh | £1,373 | £192 | £1,565 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,802 |
| 8 kW | 8117 kWh | 5925 kWh | 2192 kWh | £1,569 | £219 | £1,788 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,238 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,134, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1522 kWh | 507 kWh | £403 | £51 | £454 | £11,069 | 24.4 yrs | £-1,994 |
| 3 kW | 3044 kWh | 2283 kWh | 761 kWh | £605 | £76 | £681 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £509 |
| 4 kW | 4059 kWh | 3044 kWh | 1015 kWh | £806 | £101 | £907 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £3,012 |
| 5 kW | 5073 kWh | 3805 kWh | 1268 kWh | £1,008 | £127 | £1,134 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,515 |
| 6 kW | 6088 kWh | 4566 kWh | 1522 kWh | £1,209 | £152 | £1,361 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £8,017 |
| 7 kW | 7102 kWh | 5327 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,411 | £178 | £1,588 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,520 |
| 8 kW | 8117 kWh | 6088 kWh | 2029 kWh | £1,612 | £203 | £1,815 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,023 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,151, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1563 kWh | 467 kWh | £414 | £47 | £460 | £13,519 | 29.4 yrs | £-4,310 |
| 3 kW | 3044 kWh | 2344 kWh | 700 kWh | £621 | £70 | £691 | £15,554 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,741 |
| 4 kW | 4059 kWh | 3125 kWh | 933 kWh | £828 | £93 | £921 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £829 |
| 5 kW | 5073 kWh | 3906 kWh | 1167 kWh | £1,034 | £117 | £1,151 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,399 |
| 6 kW | 6088 kWh | 4688 kWh | 1400 kWh | £1,241 | £140 | £1,381 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,969 |
| 7 kW | 7102 kWh | 5469 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,448 | £163 | £1,612 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,539 |
| 8 kW | 8117 kWh | 6250 kWh | 1867 kWh | £1,655 | £187 | £1,842 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £11,108 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.