A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1022 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £848, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 818 kWh | 1227 kWh | £217 | £123 | £339 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,717 |
| 3 kW | 3067 kWh | 1227 kWh | 1840 kWh | £325 | £184 | £509 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,075 |
| 4 kW | 4090 kWh | 1636 kWh | 2454 kWh | £433 | £245 | £679 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,433 |
| 5 kW | 5112 kWh | 2045 kWh | 3067 kWh | £541 | £307 | £848 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,792 |
| 6 kW | 6135 kWh | 2454 kWh | 3681 kWh | £650 | £368 | £1,018 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,150 |
| 7 kW | 7157 kWh | 2863 kWh | 4294 kWh | £758 | £429 | £1,188 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,508 |
| 8 kW | 8180 kWh | 3272 kWh | 4908 kWh | £866 | £491 | £1,357 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,867 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1227 kWh | 818 kWh | £325 | £82 | £407 | £6,169 | 15.2 yrs | £1,965 |
| 3 kW | 3067 kWh | 1840 kWh | 1227 kWh | £487 | £123 | £610 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £3,997 |
| 4 kW | 4090 kWh | 2454 kWh | 1636 kWh | £650 | £164 | £813 | £10,238 | 12.6 yrs | £6,029 |
| 5 kW | 5112 kWh | 3067 kWh | 2045 kWh | £812 | £204 | £1,017 | £12,273 | 12.1 yrs | £8,062 |
| 6 kW | 6135 kWh | 3681 kWh | 2454 kWh | £975 | £245 | £1,220 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,094 |
| 7 kW | 7157 kWh | 4294 kWh | 2863 kWh | £1,137 | £286 | £1,423 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £12,126 |
| 8 kW | 8180 kWh | 4908 kWh | 3272 kWh | £1,300 | £327 | £1,627 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,159 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,101, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1431 kWh | 613 kWh | £379 | £61 | £440 | £7,569 | 17.2 yrs | £1,239 |
| 3 kW | 3067 kWh | 2147 kWh | 920 kWh | £569 | £92 | £661 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,608 |
| 4 kW | 4090 kWh | 2863 kWh | 1227 kWh | £758 | £123 | £881 | £11,638 | 13.2 yrs | £5,977 |
| 5 kW | 5112 kWh | 3579 kWh | 1534 kWh | £948 | £153 | £1,101 | £13,673 | 12.4 yrs | £8,347 |
| 6 kW | 6135 kWh | 4294 kWh | 1840 kWh | £1,137 | £184 | £1,321 | £15,707 | 11.9 yrs | £10,716 |
| 7 kW | 7157 kWh | 5010 kWh | 2147 kWh | £1,327 | £215 | £1,541 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £13,085 |
| 8 kW | 8180 kWh | 5726 kWh | 2454 kWh | £1,516 | £245 | £1,762 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,455 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,126, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1493 kWh | 552 kWh | £395 | £55 | £450 | £9,319 | 20.7 yrs | £-309 |
| 3 kW | 3067 kWh | 2239 kWh | 828 kWh | £593 | £83 | £676 | £11,354 | 16.8 yrs | £2,161 |
| 4 kW | 4090 kWh | 2986 kWh | 1104 kWh | £791 | £110 | £901 | £13,388 | 14.9 yrs | £4,632 |
| 5 kW | 5112 kWh | 3732 kWh | 1380 kWh | £988 | £138 | £1,126 | £15,423 | 13.7 yrs | £7,102 |
| 6 kW | 6135 kWh | 4478 kWh | 1656 kWh | £1,186 | £166 | £1,351 | £17,457 | 12.9 yrs | £9,573 |
| 7 kW | 7157 kWh | 5225 kWh | 1932 kWh | £1,383 | £193 | £1,577 | £19,492 | 12.4 yrs | £12,043 |
| 8 kW | 8180 kWh | 5971 kWh | 2208 kWh | £1,581 | £221 | £1,802 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,514 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,143, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1534 kWh | 511 kWh | £406 | £51 | £457 | £11,069 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,924 |
| 3 kW | 3067 kWh | 2300 kWh | 767 kWh | £609 | £77 | £686 | £13,104 | 19.1 yrs | £614 |
| 4 kW | 4090 kWh | 3067 kWh | 1022 kWh | £812 | £102 | £914 | £15,138 | 16.6 yrs | £3,151 |
| 5 kW | 5112 kWh | 3834 kWh | 1278 kWh | £1,015 | £128 | £1,143 | £17,173 | 15.0 yrs | £5,689 |
| 6 kW | 6135 kWh | 4601 kWh | 1534 kWh | £1,218 | £153 | £1,372 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,227 |
| 7 kW | 7157 kWh | 5368 kWh | 1789 kWh | £1,421 | £179 | £1,600 | £21,242 | 13.3 yrs | £10,765 |
| 8 kW | 8180 kWh | 6135 kWh | 2045 kWh | £1,624 | £204 | £1,829 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,303 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,160, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2045 kWh | 1575 kWh | 470 kWh | £417 | £47 | £464 | £13,519 | 29.1 yrs | £-4,240 |
| 3 kW | 3067 kWh | 2362 kWh | 705 kWh | £625 | £71 | £696 | £15,554 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,634 |
| 4 kW | 4090 kWh | 3149 kWh | 941 kWh | £834 | £94 | £928 | £17,588 | 19.0 yrs | £971 |
| 5 kW | 5112 kWh | 3936 kWh | 1176 kWh | £1,042 | £118 | £1,160 | £19,623 | 16.9 yrs | £3,576 |
| 6 kW | 6135 kWh | 4724 kWh | 1411 kWh | £1,251 | £141 | £1,392 | £21,657 | 15.6 yrs | £6,181 |
| 7 kW | 7157 kWh | 5511 kWh | 1646 kWh | £1,459 | £165 | £1,624 | £23,692 | 14.6 yrs | £8,787 |
| 8 kW | 8180 kWh | 6298 kWh | 1881 kWh | £1,668 | £188 | £1,856 | £25,726 | 13.9 yrs | £11,392 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.