A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1043 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £865, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2086 kWh | 834 kWh | 1252 kWh | £221 | £125 | £346 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,853 |
| 3 kW | 3129 kWh | 1252 kWh | 1877 kWh | £331 | £188 | £519 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,279 |
| 4 kW | 4172 kWh | 1669 kWh | 2503 kWh | £442 | £250 | £692 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,706 |
| 5 kW | 5215 kWh | 2086 kWh | 3129 kWh | £552 | £313 | £865 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,132 |
| 6 kW | 6258 kWh | 2503 kWh | 3755 kWh | £663 | £375 | £1,038 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,558 |
| 7 kW | 7301 kWh | 2920 kWh | 4380 kWh | £773 | £438 | £1,211 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,985 |
| 8 kW | 8344 kWh | 3337 kWh | 5006 kWh | £884 | £501 | £1,384 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,411 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2086 kWh | 1252 kWh | 834 kWh | £331 | £83 | £415 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,128 |
| 3 kW | 3129 kWh | 1877 kWh | 1252 kWh | £497 | £125 | £622 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,242 |
| 4 kW | 4172 kWh | 2503 kWh | 1669 kWh | £663 | £167 | £830 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,356 |
| 5 kW | 5215 kWh | 3129 kWh | 2086 kWh | £829 | £209 | £1,037 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,470 |
| 6 kW | 6258 kWh | 3755 kWh | 2503 kWh | £994 | £250 | £1,245 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,584 |
| 7 kW | 7301 kWh | 4380 kWh | 2920 kWh | £1,160 | £292 | £1,452 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,697 |
| 8 kW | 8344 kWh | 5006 kWh | 3337 kWh | £1,326 | £334 | £1,659 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,811 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,123, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2086 kWh | 1460 kWh | 626 kWh | £387 | £63 | £449 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,415 |
| 3 kW | 3129 kWh | 2190 kWh | 939 kWh | £580 | £94 | £674 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,873 |
| 4 kW | 4172 kWh | 2920 kWh | 1252 kWh | £773 | £125 | £898 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,331 |
| 5 kW | 5215 kWh | 3650 kWh | 1564 kWh | £967 | £156 | £1,123 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,788 |
| 6 kW | 6258 kWh | 4380 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,160 | £188 | £1,348 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,246 |
| 7 kW | 7301 kWh | 5110 kWh | 2190 kWh | £1,353 | £219 | £1,572 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,704 |
| 8 kW | 8344 kWh | 5841 kWh | 2503 kWh | £1,547 | £250 | £1,797 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,161 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,149, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2086 kWh | 1523 kWh | 563 kWh | £403 | £56 | £460 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-128 |
| 3 kW | 3129 kWh | 2284 kWh | 845 kWh | £605 | £84 | £689 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,432 |
| 4 kW | 4172 kWh | 3045 kWh | 1126 kWh | £806 | £113 | £919 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,993 |
| 5 kW | 5215 kWh | 3807 kWh | 1408 kWh | £1,008 | £141 | £1,149 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,554 |
| 6 kW | 6258 kWh | 4568 kWh | 1690 kWh | £1,210 | £169 | £1,379 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,115 |
| 7 kW | 7301 kWh | 5329 kWh | 1971 kWh | £1,411 | £197 | £1,608 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,676 |
| 8 kW | 8344 kWh | 6091 kWh | 2253 kWh | £1,613 | £225 | £1,838 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,236 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,166, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2086 kWh | 1564 kWh | 521 kWh | £414 | £52 | £466 | £11,069 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,741 |
| 3 kW | 3129 kWh | 2347 kWh | 782 kWh | £621 | £78 | £700 | £13,104 | 18.7 yrs | £889 |
| 4 kW | 4172 kWh | 3129 kWh | 1043 kWh | £829 | £104 | £933 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,518 |
| 5 kW | 5215 kWh | 3911 kWh | 1304 kWh | £1,036 | £130 | £1,166 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,148 |
| 6 kW | 6258 kWh | 4693 kWh | 1564 kWh | £1,243 | £156 | £1,399 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,777 |
| 7 kW | 7301 kWh | 5475 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,450 | £183 | £1,632 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,407 |
| 8 kW | 8344 kWh | 6258 kWh | 2086 kWh | £1,657 | £209 | £1,866 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £14,036 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,183, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2086 kWh | 1606 kWh | 480 kWh | £425 | £48 | £473 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,053 |
| 3 kW | 3129 kWh | 2409 kWh | 720 kWh | £638 | £72 | £710 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,355 |
| 4 kW | 4172 kWh | 3212 kWh | 960 kWh | £851 | £96 | £947 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,343 |
| 5 kW | 5215 kWh | 4015 kWh | 1199 kWh | £1,063 | £120 | £1,183 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,042 |
| 6 kW | 6258 kWh | 4818 kWh | 1439 kWh | £1,276 | £144 | £1,420 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,740 |
| 7 kW | 7301 kWh | 5622 kWh | 1679 kWh | £1,489 | £168 | £1,656 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,438 |
| 8 kW | 8344 kWh | 6425 kWh | 1919 kWh | £1,701 | £192 | £1,893 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,137 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.