A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 872 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £734, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1744 kWh | 697 kWh | 1046 kWh | £189 | £105 | £294 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,805 |
| 3 kW | 2616 kWh | 1046 kWh | 1569 kWh | £284 | £157 | £441 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,708 |
| 4 kW | 3487 kWh | 1395 kWh | 2092 kWh | £378 | £209 | £587 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,610 |
| 5 kW | 4359 kWh | 1744 kWh | 2616 kWh | £473 | £262 | £734 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,513 |
| 6 kW | 5231 kWh | 2092 kWh | 3139 kWh | £567 | £314 | £881 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,415 |
| 7 kW | 6103 kWh | 2441 kWh | 3662 kWh | £662 | £366 | £1,028 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,318 |
| 8 kW | 6975 kWh | 2790 kWh | 4185 kWh | £756 | £418 | £1,175 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,220 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £883, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1744 kWh | 1046 kWh | 697 kWh | £284 | £70 | £353 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £898 |
| 3 kW | 2616 kWh | 1569 kWh | 1046 kWh | £425 | £105 | £530 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,398 |
| 4 kW | 3487 kWh | 2092 kWh | 1395 kWh | £567 | £139 | £707 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,897 |
| 5 kW | 4359 kWh | 2616 kWh | 1744 kWh | £709 | £174 | £883 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,396 |
| 6 kW | 5231 kWh | 3139 kWh | 2092 kWh | £851 | £209 | £1,060 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,895 |
| 7 kW | 6103 kWh | 3662 kWh | 2441 kWh | £993 | £244 | £1,237 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,395 |
| 8 kW | 6975 kWh | 4185 kWh | 2790 kWh | £1,135 | £279 | £1,413 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,894 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £958, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1744 kWh | 1221 kWh | 523 kWh | £331 | £52 | £383 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £95 |
| 3 kW | 2616 kWh | 1831 kWh | 785 kWh | £496 | £78 | £575 | £9,604 | 16.7 yrs | £1,893 |
| 4 kW | 3487 kWh | 2441 kWh | 1046 kWh | £662 | £105 | £766 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,690 |
| 5 kW | 4359 kWh | 3051 kWh | 1308 kWh | £827 | £131 | £958 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,488 |
| 6 kW | 5231 kWh | 3662 kWh | 1569 kWh | £993 | £157 | £1,150 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,285 |
| 7 kW | 6103 kWh | 4272 kWh | 1831 kWh | £1,158 | £183 | £1,341 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,083 |
| 8 kW | 6975 kWh | 4882 kWh | 2092 kWh | £1,324 | £209 | £1,533 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,881 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £980, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1744 kWh | 1273 kWh | 471 kWh | £345 | £47 | £392 | £9,319 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,476 |
| 3 kW | 2616 kWh | 1909 kWh | 706 kWh | £518 | £71 | £588 | £11,354 | 19.3 yrs | £411 |
| 4 kW | 3487 kWh | 2546 kWh | 942 kWh | £690 | £94 | £784 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,298 |
| 5 kW | 4359 kWh | 3182 kWh | 1177 kWh | £863 | £118 | £980 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,185 |
| 6 kW | 5231 kWh | 3819 kWh | 1412 kWh | £1,035 | £141 | £1,176 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,072 |
| 7 kW | 6103 kWh | 4455 kWh | 1648 kWh | £1,208 | £165 | £1,373 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £7,960 |
| 8 kW | 6975 kWh | 5092 kWh | 1883 kWh | £1,380 | £188 | £1,569 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £9,847 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1744 kWh | 1308 kWh | 436 kWh | £355 | £44 | £398 | £11,069 | 27.8 yrs | £-3,107 |
| 3 kW | 2616 kWh | 1962 kWh | 654 kWh | £532 | £65 | £597 | £13,104 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,160 |
| 4 kW | 3487 kWh | 2616 kWh | 872 kWh | £709 | £87 | £796 | £15,138 | 19.0 yrs | £787 |
| 5 kW | 4359 kWh | 3269 kWh | 1090 kWh | £886 | £109 | £995 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,734 |
| 6 kW | 5231 kWh | 3923 kWh | 1308 kWh | £1,064 | £131 | £1,194 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,680 |
| 7 kW | 6103 kWh | 4577 kWh | 1526 kWh | £1,241 | £153 | £1,393 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,627 |
| 8 kW | 6975 kWh | 5231 kWh | 1744 kWh | £1,418 | £174 | £1,593 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,574 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,010, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1744 kWh | 1343 kWh | 401 kWh | £364 | £40 | £404 | £13,519 | 33.5 yrs | £-5,437 |
| 3 kW | 2616 kWh | 2014 kWh | 602 kWh | £546 | £60 | £606 | £15,554 | 25.7 yrs | £-3,431 |
| 4 kW | 3487 kWh | 2685 kWh | 802 kWh | £728 | £80 | £808 | £17,588 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,424 |
| 5 kW | 4359 kWh | 3357 kWh | 1003 kWh | £910 | £100 | £1,010 | £19,623 | 19.4 yrs | £582 |
| 6 kW | 5231 kWh | 4028 kWh | 1203 kWh | £1,092 | £120 | £1,212 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,588 |
| 7 kW | 6103 kWh | 4699 kWh | 1404 kWh | £1,274 | £140 | £1,414 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,595 |
| 8 kW | 6975 kWh | 5371 kWh | 1604 kWh | £1,456 | £160 | £1,616 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,601 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.