A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 861 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £725, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 688 kWh | 1033 kWh | £187 | £103 | £290 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,729 |
| 3 kW | 2582 kWh | 1033 kWh | 1549 kWh | £280 | £155 | £435 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,594 |
| 4 kW | 3442 kWh | 1377 kWh | 2065 kWh | £373 | £207 | £580 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,459 |
| 5 kW | 4303 kWh | 1721 kWh | 2582 kWh | £467 | £258 | £725 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,324 |
| 6 kW | 5164 kWh | 2065 kWh | 3098 kWh | £560 | £310 | £870 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,188 |
| 7 kW | 6024 kWh | 2410 kWh | 3615 kWh | £653 | £361 | £1,015 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,053 |
| 8 kW | 6885 kWh | 2754 kWh | 4131 kWh | £747 | £413 | £1,160 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £6,918 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £872, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1033 kWh | 688 kWh | £280 | £69 | £349 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £808 |
| 3 kW | 2582 kWh | 1549 kWh | 1033 kWh | £420 | £103 | £523 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,261 |
| 4 kW | 3442 kWh | 2065 kWh | 1377 kWh | £560 | £138 | £698 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,715 |
| 5 kW | 4303 kWh | 2582 kWh | 1721 kWh | £700 | £172 | £872 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,169 |
| 6 kW | 5164 kWh | 3098 kWh | 2065 kWh | £840 | £207 | £1,046 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,623 |
| 7 kW | 6024 kWh | 3615 kWh | 2410 kWh | £980 | £241 | £1,221 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,076 |
| 8 kW | 6885 kWh | 4131 kWh | 2754 kWh | £1,120 | £275 | £1,395 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,530 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £946, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1205 kWh | 516 kWh | £327 | £52 | £378 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £-3 |
| 3 kW | 2582 kWh | 1807 kWh | 775 kWh | £490 | £77 | £567 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,745 |
| 4 kW | 3442 kWh | 2410 kWh | 1033 kWh | £653 | £103 | £757 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,493 |
| 5 kW | 4303 kWh | 3012 kWh | 1291 kWh | £817 | £129 | £946 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,241 |
| 6 kW | 5164 kWh | 3615 kWh | 1549 kWh | £980 | £155 | £1,135 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £6,990 |
| 7 kW | 6024 kWh | 4217 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,143 | £181 | £1,324 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,738 |
| 8 kW | 6885 kWh | 4819 kWh | 2065 kWh | £1,307 | £207 | £1,513 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,486 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1257 kWh | 465 kWh | £341 | £46 | £387 | £9,319 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,577 |
| 3 kW | 2582 kWh | 1885 kWh | 697 kWh | £511 | £70 | £581 | £11,354 | 19.6 yrs | £260 |
| 4 kW | 3442 kWh | 2513 kWh | 929 kWh | £681 | £93 | £774 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,096 |
| 5 kW | 4303 kWh | 3141 kWh | 1162 kWh | £852 | £116 | £968 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,933 |
| 6 kW | 5164 kWh | 3770 kWh | 1394 kWh | £1,022 | £139 | £1,161 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,770 |
| 7 kW | 6024 kWh | 4398 kWh | 1627 kWh | £1,192 | £163 | £1,355 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,606 |
| 8 kW | 6885 kWh | 5026 kWh | 1859 kWh | £1,363 | £186 | £1,548 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,443 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £983, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1291 kWh | 430 kWh | £350 | £43 | £393 | £11,069 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,209 |
| 3 kW | 2582 kWh | 1936 kWh | 645 kWh | £525 | £65 | £590 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,313 |
| 4 kW | 3442 kWh | 2582 kWh | 861 kWh | £700 | £86 | £786 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £582 |
| 5 kW | 4303 kWh | 3227 kWh | 1076 kWh | £875 | £108 | £983 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,478 |
| 6 kW | 5164 kWh | 3873 kWh | 1291 kWh | £1,050 | £129 | £1,179 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,373 |
| 7 kW | 6024 kWh | 4518 kWh | 1506 kWh | £1,225 | £151 | £1,376 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,269 |
| 8 kW | 6885 kWh | 5164 kWh | 1721 kWh | £1,400 | £172 | £1,572 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,164 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £997, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1325 kWh | 396 kWh | £359 | £40 | £399 | £13,519 | 33.9 yrs | £-5,541 |
| 3 kW | 2582 kWh | 1988 kWh | 594 kWh | £539 | £59 | £598 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,587 |
| 4 kW | 3442 kWh | 2651 kWh | 792 kWh | £719 | £79 | £798 | £17,588 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,632 |
| 5 kW | 4303 kWh | 3313 kWh | 990 kWh | £898 | £99 | £997 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £322 |
| 6 kW | 5164 kWh | 3976 kWh | 1188 kWh | £1,078 | £119 | £1,197 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,276 |
| 7 kW | 6024 kWh | 4639 kWh | 1386 kWh | £1,258 | £139 | £1,396 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,231 |
| 8 kW | 6885 kWh | 5301 kWh | 1584 kWh | £1,437 | £158 | £1,596 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,185 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.