A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 859 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £723, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1718 kWh | 687 kWh | 1031 kWh | £186 | £103 | £289 | £4,069 | 14.1 yrs | £1,717 |
| 3 kW | 2576 kWh | 1031 kWh | 1546 kWh | £279 | £155 | £434 | £6,104 | 14.1 yrs | £2,576 |
| 4 kW | 3435 kWh | 1374 kWh | 2061 kWh | £373 | £206 | £579 | £8,138 | 14.1 yrs | £3,435 |
| 5 kW | 4294 kWh | 1718 kWh | 2576 kWh | £466 | £258 | £723 | £10,173 | 14.1 yrs | £4,293 |
| 6 kW | 5153 kWh | 2061 kWh | 3092 kWh | £559 | £309 | £868 | £12,207 | 14.1 yrs | £5,152 |
| 7 kW | 6012 kWh | 2405 kWh | 3607 kWh | £652 | £361 | £1,013 | £14,242 | 14.1 yrs | £6,011 |
| 8 kW | 6870 kWh | 2748 kWh | 4122 kWh | £745 | £412 | £1,157 | £16,276 | 14.1 yrs | £6,869 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £870, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1718 kWh | 1031 kWh | 687 kWh | £279 | £69 | £348 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £793 |
| 3 kW | 2576 kWh | 1546 kWh | 1031 kWh | £419 | £103 | £522 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,239 |
| 4 kW | 3435 kWh | 2061 kWh | 1374 kWh | £559 | £137 | £696 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,686 |
| 5 kW | 4294 kWh | 2576 kWh | 1718 kWh | £698 | £172 | £870 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,132 |
| 6 kW | 5153 kWh | 3092 kWh | 2061 kWh | £838 | £206 | £1,044 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,579 |
| 7 kW | 6012 kWh | 3607 kWh | 2405 kWh | £978 | £240 | £1,218 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,025 |
| 8 kW | 6870 kWh | 4122 kWh | 2748 kWh | £1,118 | £275 | £1,392 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,471 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1718 kWh | 1202 kWh | 515 kWh | £326 | £52 | £377 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-19 |
| 3 kW | 2576 kWh | 1804 kWh | 773 kWh | £489 | £77 | £566 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,721 |
| 4 kW | 3435 kWh | 2405 kWh | 1031 kWh | £652 | £103 | £755 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,461 |
| 5 kW | 4294 kWh | 3006 kWh | 1288 kWh | £815 | £129 | £944 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,202 |
| 6 kW | 5153 kWh | 3607 kWh | 1546 kWh | £978 | £155 | £1,132 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,942 |
| 7 kW | 6012 kWh | 4208 kWh | 1804 kWh | £1,141 | £180 | £1,321 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,682 |
| 8 kW | 6870 kWh | 4809 kWh | 2061 kWh | £1,304 | £206 | £1,510 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,422 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £966, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1718 kWh | 1254 kWh | 464 kWh | £340 | £46 | £386 | £9,319 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,593 |
| 3 kW | 2576 kWh | 1881 kWh | 696 kWh | £510 | £70 | £579 | £11,354 | 19.6 yrs | £235 |
| 4 kW | 3435 kWh | 2508 kWh | 928 kWh | £680 | £93 | £773 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,064 |
| 5 kW | 4294 kWh | 3135 kWh | 1159 kWh | £850 | £116 | £966 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,892 |
| 6 kW | 5153 kWh | 3762 kWh | 1391 kWh | £1,020 | £139 | £1,159 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,721 |
| 7 kW | 6012 kWh | 4389 kWh | 1623 kWh | £1,190 | £162 | £1,352 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,549 |
| 8 kW | 6870 kWh | 5015 kWh | 1855 kWh | £1,360 | £186 | £1,545 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,378 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £980, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1718 kWh | 1288 kWh | 429 kWh | £349 | £43 | £392 | £11,069 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,226 |
| 3 kW | 2576 kWh | 1932 kWh | 644 kWh | £524 | £64 | £588 | £13,104 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,338 |
| 4 kW | 3435 kWh | 2576 kWh | 859 kWh | £698 | £86 | £784 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £549 |
| 5 kW | 4294 kWh | 3221 kWh | 1074 kWh | £873 | £107 | £980 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,436 |
| 6 kW | 5153 kWh | 3865 kWh | 1288 kWh | £1,048 | £129 | £1,177 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,323 |
| 7 kW | 6012 kWh | 4509 kWh | 1503 kWh | £1,222 | £150 | £1,373 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,211 |
| 8 kW | 6870 kWh | 5153 kWh | 1718 kWh | £1,397 | £172 | £1,569 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,098 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1718 kWh | 1323 kWh | 395 kWh | £359 | £40 | £398 | £13,519 | 34.0 yrs | £-5,558 |
| 3 kW | 2576 kWh | 1984 kWh | 593 kWh | £538 | £59 | £597 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,612 |
| 4 kW | 3435 kWh | 2645 kWh | 790 kWh | £717 | £79 | £796 | £17,588 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,666 |
| 5 kW | 4294 kWh | 3306 kWh | 988 kWh | £896 | £99 | £995 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £280 |
| 6 kW | 5153 kWh | 3968 kWh | 1185 kWh | £1,076 | £119 | £1,194 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,226 |
| 7 kW | 6012 kWh | 4629 kWh | 1383 kWh | £1,255 | £138 | £1,393 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,172 |
| 8 kW | 6870 kWh | 5290 kWh | 1580 kWh | £1,434 | £158 | £1,592 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £6,118 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.