A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 850 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £716, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1700 kWh | 680 kWh | 1020 kWh | £184 | £102 | £286 | £4,069 | 14.2 yrs | £1,659 |
| 3 kW | 2550 kWh | 1020 kWh | 1530 kWh | £277 | £153 | £430 | £6,104 | 14.2 yrs | £2,489 |
| 4 kW | 3401 kWh | 1360 kWh | 2040 kWh | £369 | £204 | £573 | £8,138 | 14.2 yrs | £3,318 |
| 5 kW | 4251 kWh | 1700 kWh | 2550 kWh | £461 | £255 | £716 | £10,173 | 14.2 yrs | £4,148 |
| 6 kW | 5101 kWh | 2040 kWh | 3061 kWh | £553 | £306 | £859 | £12,207 | 14.2 yrs | £4,977 |
| 7 kW | 5951 kWh | 2380 kWh | 3571 kWh | £645 | £357 | £1,002 | £14,242 | 14.2 yrs | £5,807 |
| 8 kW | 6801 kWh | 2721 kWh | 4081 kWh | £738 | £408 | £1,146 | £16,276 | 14.2 yrs | £6,636 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £861, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1700 kWh | 1020 kWh | 680 kWh | £277 | £68 | £345 | £6,169 | 17.9 yrs | £723 |
| 3 kW | 2550 kWh | 1530 kWh | 1020 kWh | £415 | £102 | £517 | £8,204 | 15.9 yrs | £2,134 |
| 4 kW | 3401 kWh | 2040 kWh | 1360 kWh | £553 | £136 | £689 | £10,238 | 14.9 yrs | £3,545 |
| 5 kW | 4251 kWh | 2550 kWh | 1700 kWh | £691 | £170 | £861 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £4,957 |
| 6 kW | 5101 kWh | 3061 kWh | 2040 kWh | £830 | £204 | £1,034 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,368 |
| 7 kW | 5951 kWh | 3571 kWh | 2380 kWh | £968 | £238 | £1,206 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,780 |
| 8 kW | 6801 kWh | 4081 kWh | 2721 kWh | £1,106 | £272 | £1,378 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,191 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £934, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1700 kWh | 1190 kWh | 510 kWh | £323 | £51 | £374 | £7,569 | 20.3 yrs | £-95 |
| 3 kW | 2550 kWh | 1785 kWh | 765 kWh | £484 | £77 | £561 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,607 |
| 4 kW | 3401 kWh | 2380 kWh | 1020 kWh | £645 | £102 | £747 | £11,638 | 15.6 yrs | £3,309 |
| 5 kW | 4251 kWh | 2976 kWh | 1275 kWh | £807 | £128 | £934 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,011 |
| 6 kW | 5101 kWh | 3571 kWh | 1530 kWh | £968 | £153 | £1,121 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,714 |
| 7 kW | 5951 kWh | 4166 kWh | 1785 kWh | £1,129 | £179 | £1,308 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,416 |
| 8 kW | 6801 kWh | 4761 kWh | 2040 kWh | £1,291 | £204 | £1,495 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,118 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1700 kWh | 1241 kWh | 459 kWh | £336 | £46 | £382 | £9,319 | 24.4 yrs | £-1,671 |
| 3 kW | 2550 kWh | 1862 kWh | 689 kWh | £505 | £69 | £574 | £11,354 | 19.8 yrs | £119 |
| 4 kW | 3401 kWh | 2482 kWh | 918 kWh | £673 | £92 | £765 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,908 |
| 5 kW | 4251 kWh | 3103 kWh | 1148 kWh | £841 | £115 | £956 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,698 |
| 6 kW | 5101 kWh | 3724 kWh | 1377 kWh | £1,009 | £138 | £1,147 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,487 |
| 7 kW | 5951 kWh | 4344 kWh | 1607 kWh | £1,178 | £161 | £1,338 | £19,492 | 14.6 yrs | £7,277 |
| 8 kW | 6801 kWh | 4965 kWh | 1836 kWh | £1,346 | £184 | £1,530 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £9,066 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £971, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1700 kWh | 1275 kWh | 425 kWh | £346 | £43 | £388 | £11,069 | 28.5 yrs | £-3,305 |
| 3 kW | 2550 kWh | 1913 kWh | 638 kWh | £519 | £64 | £582 | £13,104 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,457 |
| 4 kW | 3401 kWh | 2550 kWh | 850 kWh | £691 | £85 | £776 | £15,138 | 19.5 yrs | £391 |
| 5 kW | 4251 kWh | 3188 kWh | 1063 kWh | £864 | £106 | £971 | £17,173 | 17.7 yrs | £2,239 |
| 6 kW | 5101 kWh | 3826 kWh | 1275 kWh | £1,037 | £128 | £1,165 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,086 |
| 7 kW | 5951 kWh | 4463 kWh | 1488 kWh | £1,210 | £149 | £1,359 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £5,934 |
| 8 kW | 6801 kWh | 5101 kWh | 1700 kWh | £1,383 | £170 | £1,553 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,782 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1700 kWh | 1309 kWh | 391 kWh | £355 | £39 | £394 | £13,519 | 34.3 yrs | £-5,638 |
| 3 kW | 2550 kWh | 1964 kWh | 587 kWh | £532 | £59 | £591 | £15,554 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,732 |
| 4 kW | 3401 kWh | 2618 kWh | 782 kWh | £710 | £78 | £788 | £17,588 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,826 |
| 5 kW | 4251 kWh | 3273 kWh | 978 kWh | £887 | £98 | £985 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £80 |
| 6 kW | 5101 kWh | 3928 kWh | 1173 kWh | £1,065 | £117 | £1,182 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £1,986 |
| 7 kW | 5951 kWh | 4582 kWh | 1369 kWh | £1,242 | £137 | £1,379 | £23,692 | 17.2 yrs | £3,892 |
| 8 kW | 6801 kWh | 5237 kWh | 1564 kWh | £1,420 | £156 | £1,576 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,797 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.