A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 839 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £706, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1678 kWh | 671 kWh | 1007 kWh | £182 | £101 | £283 | £4,069 | 14.4 yrs | £1,582 |
| 3 kW | 2516 kWh | 1007 kWh | 1510 kWh | £273 | £151 | £424 | £6,104 | 14.4 yrs | £2,374 |
| 4 kW | 3355 kWh | 1342 kWh | 2013 kWh | £364 | £201 | £565 | £8,138 | 14.4 yrs | £3,165 |
| 5 kW | 4194 kWh | 1678 kWh | 2516 kWh | £455 | £252 | £706 | £10,173 | 14.4 yrs | £3,956 |
| 6 kW | 5033 kWh | 2013 kWh | 3020 kWh | £546 | £302 | £848 | £12,207 | 14.4 yrs | £4,747 |
| 7 kW | 5872 kWh | 2349 kWh | 3523 kWh | £637 | £352 | £989 | £14,242 | 14.4 yrs | £5,538 |
| 8 kW | 6710 kWh | 2684 kWh | 4026 kWh | £728 | £403 | £1,130 | £16,276 | 14.4 yrs | £6,330 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £850, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1678 kWh | 1007 kWh | 671 kWh | £273 | £67 | £340 | £6,169 | 18.1 yrs | £631 |
| 3 kW | 2516 kWh | 1510 kWh | 1007 kWh | £409 | £101 | £510 | £8,204 | 16.1 yrs | £1,996 |
| 4 kW | 3355 kWh | 2013 kWh | 1342 kWh | £546 | £134 | £680 | £10,238 | 15.1 yrs | £3,361 |
| 5 kW | 4194 kWh | 2516 kWh | 1678 kWh | £682 | £168 | £850 | £12,273 | 14.4 yrs | £4,726 |
| 6 kW | 5033 kWh | 3020 kWh | 2013 kWh | £819 | £201 | £1,020 | £14,307 | 14.0 yrs | £6,092 |
| 7 kW | 5872 kWh | 3523 kWh | 2349 kWh | £955 | £235 | £1,190 | £16,342 | 13.7 yrs | £7,457 |
| 8 kW | 6710 kWh | 4026 kWh | 2684 kWh | £1,092 | £268 | £1,360 | £18,376 | 13.5 yrs | £8,822 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £922, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1678 kWh | 1174 kWh | 503 kWh | £318 | £50 | £369 | £7,569 | 20.5 yrs | £-195 |
| 3 kW | 2516 kWh | 1761 kWh | 755 kWh | £478 | £75 | £553 | £9,604 | 17.4 yrs | £1,457 |
| 4 kW | 3355 kWh | 2349 kWh | 1007 kWh | £637 | £101 | £737 | £11,638 | 15.8 yrs | £3,109 |
| 5 kW | 4194 kWh | 2936 kWh | 1258 kWh | £796 | £126 | £922 | £13,673 | 14.8 yrs | £4,762 |
| 6 kW | 5033 kWh | 3523 kWh | 1510 kWh | £955 | £151 | £1,106 | £15,707 | 14.2 yrs | £6,414 |
| 7 kW | 5872 kWh | 4110 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,114 | £176 | £1,290 | £17,742 | 13.7 yrs | £8,066 |
| 8 kW | 6710 kWh | 4697 kWh | 2013 kWh | £1,273 | £201 | £1,475 | £19,776 | 13.4 yrs | £9,718 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1678 kWh | 1225 kWh | 453 kWh | £332 | £45 | £377 | £9,319 | 24.7 yrs | £-1,773 |
| 3 kW | 2516 kWh | 1837 kWh | 679 kWh | £498 | £68 | £566 | £11,354 | 20.1 yrs | £-35 |
| 4 kW | 3355 kWh | 2449 kWh | 906 kWh | £664 | £91 | £755 | £13,388 | 17.7 yrs | £1,704 |
| 5 kW | 4194 kWh | 3062 kWh | 1132 kWh | £830 | £113 | £943 | £15,423 | 16.4 yrs | £3,442 |
| 6 kW | 5033 kWh | 3674 kWh | 1359 kWh | £996 | £136 | £1,132 | £17,457 | 15.4 yrs | £5,181 |
| 7 kW | 5872 kWh | 4286 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,162 | £159 | £1,321 | £19,492 | 14.8 yrs | £6,919 |
| 8 kW | 6710 kWh | 4899 kWh | 1812 kWh | £1,328 | £181 | £1,509 | £21,526 | 14.3 yrs | £8,657 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £958, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1678 kWh | 1258 kWh | 419 kWh | £341 | £42 | £383 | £11,069 | 28.9 yrs | £-3,408 |
| 3 kW | 2516 kWh | 1887 kWh | 629 kWh | £512 | £63 | £575 | £13,104 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,613 |
| 4 kW | 3355 kWh | 2516 kWh | 839 kWh | £682 | £84 | £766 | £15,138 | 19.8 yrs | £183 |
| 5 kW | 4194 kWh | 3145 kWh | 1048 kWh | £853 | £105 | £958 | £17,173 | 17.9 yrs | £1,979 |
| 6 kW | 5033 kWh | 3775 kWh | 1258 kWh | £1,023 | £126 | £1,149 | £19,207 | 16.7 yrs | £3,775 |
| 7 kW | 5872 kWh | 4404 kWh | 1468 kWh | £1,194 | £147 | £1,341 | £21,242 | 15.8 yrs | £5,571 |
| 8 kW | 6710 kWh | 5033 kWh | 1678 kWh | £1,364 | £168 | £1,532 | £23,276 | 15.2 yrs | £7,367 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £972, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1678 kWh | 1292 kWh | 386 kWh | £350 | £39 | £389 | £13,519 | 34.8 yrs | £-5,744 |
| 3 kW | 2516 kWh | 1938 kWh | 579 kWh | £525 | £58 | £583 | £15,554 | 26.7 yrs | £-3,890 |
| 4 kW | 3355 kWh | 2583 kWh | 772 kWh | £700 | £77 | £778 | £17,588 | 22.6 yrs | £-2,037 |
| 5 kW | 4194 kWh | 3229 kWh | 965 kWh | £875 | £96 | £972 | £19,623 | 20.2 yrs | £-184 |
| 6 kW | 5033 kWh | 3875 kWh | 1158 kWh | £1,051 | £116 | £1,166 | £21,657 | 18.6 yrs | £1,669 |
| 7 kW | 5872 kWh | 4521 kWh | 1350 kWh | £1,226 | £135 | £1,361 | £23,692 | 17.4 yrs | £3,523 |
| 8 kW | 6710 kWh | 5167 kWh | 1543 kWh | £1,401 | £154 | £1,555 | £25,726 | 16.5 yrs | £5,376 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.