A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1009 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £838, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2017 kWh | 807 kWh | 1210 kWh | £214 | £121 | £335 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,632 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 1210 kWh | 1815 kWh | £321 | £182 | £503 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,948 |
| 4 kW | 4034 kWh | 1614 kWh | 2420 kWh | £428 | £242 | £670 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,265 |
| 5 kW | 5043 kWh | 2017 kWh | 3026 kWh | £535 | £303 | £838 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,581 |
| 6 kW | 6051 kWh | 2420 kWh | 3631 kWh | £642 | £363 | £1,005 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,897 |
| 7 kW | 7060 kWh | 2824 kWh | 4236 kWh | £749 | £424 | £1,173 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,213 |
| 8 kW | 8068 kWh | 3227 kWh | 4841 kWh | £856 | £484 | £1,340 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,529 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2017 kWh | 1210 kWh | 807 kWh | £321 | £81 | £402 | £6,169 | 15.4 yrs | £1,866 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 1815 kWh | 1210 kWh | £482 | £121 | £603 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,849 |
| 4 kW | 4034 kWh | 2420 kWh | 1614 kWh | £642 | £161 | £804 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,832 |
| 5 kW | 5043 kWh | 3026 kWh | 2017 kWh | £803 | £202 | £1,004 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,815 |
| 6 kW | 6051 kWh | 3631 kWh | 2420 kWh | £963 | £242 | £1,205 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,798 |
| 7 kW | 7060 kWh | 4236 kWh | 2824 kWh | £1,124 | £282 | £1,406 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,781 |
| 8 kW | 8068 kWh | 4841 kWh | 3227 kWh | £1,284 | £323 | £1,607 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,764 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,088, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2017 kWh | 1412 kWh | 605 kWh | £375 | £61 | £435 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,133 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2118 kWh | 908 kWh | £562 | £91 | £653 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,449 |
| 4 kW | 4034 kWh | 2824 kWh | 1210 kWh | £749 | £121 | £870 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,766 |
| 5 kW | 5043 kWh | 3530 kWh | 1513 kWh | £936 | £151 | £1,088 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,082 |
| 6 kW | 6051 kWh | 4236 kWh | 1815 kWh | £1,124 | £182 | £1,305 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,398 |
| 7 kW | 7060 kWh | 4942 kWh | 2118 kWh | £1,311 | £212 | £1,523 | £17,742 | 11.7 yrs | £12,715 |
| 8 kW | 8068 kWh | 5648 kWh | 2420 kWh | £1,498 | £242 | £1,740 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £15,031 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,113, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2017 kWh | 1472 kWh | 545 kWh | £391 | £54 | £445 | £9,319 | 20.9 yrs | £-417 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2209 kWh | 817 kWh | £586 | £82 | £668 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £1,999 |
| 4 kW | 4034 kWh | 2945 kWh | 1089 kWh | £781 | £109 | £890 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,416 |
| 5 kW | 5043 kWh | 3681 kWh | 1361 kWh | £977 | £136 | £1,113 | £15,423 | 13.9 yrs | £6,832 |
| 6 kW | 6051 kWh | 4417 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,172 | £163 | £1,335 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,249 |
| 7 kW | 7060 kWh | 5153 kWh | 1906 kWh | £1,367 | £191 | £1,558 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,665 |
| 8 kW | 8068 kWh | 5890 kWh | 2178 kWh | £1,563 | £218 | £1,780 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,081 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,129, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2017 kWh | 1513 kWh | 504 kWh | £401 | £50 | £452 | £11,069 | 24.5 yrs | £-2,034 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2269 kWh | 756 kWh | £602 | £76 | £678 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £449 |
| 4 kW | 4034 kWh | 3026 kWh | 1009 kWh | £803 | £101 | £904 | £15,138 | 16.8 yrs | £2,932 |
| 5 kW | 5043 kWh | 3782 kWh | 1261 kWh | £1,003 | £126 | £1,129 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,416 |
| 6 kW | 6051 kWh | 4538 kWh | 1513 kWh | £1,204 | £151 | £1,355 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,899 |
| 7 kW | 7060 kWh | 5295 kWh | 1765 kWh | £1,405 | £176 | £1,581 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,382 |
| 8 kW | 8068 kWh | 6051 kWh | 2017 kWh | £1,605 | £202 | £1,807 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,865 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,146, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2017 kWh | 1553 kWh | 464 kWh | £412 | £46 | £458 | £13,519 | 29.5 yrs | £-4,350 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2330 kWh | 696 kWh | £618 | £70 | £688 | £15,554 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,801 |
| 4 kW | 4034 kWh | 3106 kWh | 928 kWh | £824 | £93 | £917 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £749 |
| 5 kW | 5043 kWh | 3883 kWh | 1160 kWh | £1,030 | £116 | £1,146 | £19,623 | 17.1 yrs | £3,299 |
| 6 kW | 6051 kWh | 4659 kWh | 1392 kWh | £1,236 | £139 | £1,375 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,849 |
| 7 kW | 7060 kWh | 5436 kWh | 1624 kWh | £1,442 | £162 | £1,605 | £23,692 | 14.8 yrs | £8,399 |
| 8 kW | 8068 kWh | 6212 kWh | 1856 kWh | £1,648 | £186 | £1,834 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £10,948 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.