A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1012 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £823, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2025 kWh | 810 kWh | 1215 kWh | £208 | £121 | £329 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,513 |
| 3 kW | 3037 kWh | 1215 kWh | 1822 kWh | £311 | £182 | £494 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,769 |
| 4 kW | 4050 kWh | 1620 kWh | 2430 kWh | £415 | £243 | £658 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £5,025 |
| 5 kW | 5062 kWh | 2025 kWh | 3037 kWh | £519 | £304 | £823 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,282 |
| 6 kW | 6075 kWh | 2430 kWh | 3645 kWh | £623 | £364 | £987 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,538 |
| 7 kW | 7087 kWh | 2835 kWh | 4252 kWh | £727 | £425 | £1,152 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,795 |
| 8 kW | 8100 kWh | 3240 kWh | 4860 kWh | £830 | £486 | £1,316 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £10,051 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £981, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2025 kWh | 1215 kWh | 810 kWh | £311 | £81 | £392 | £6,169 | 15.7 yrs | £1,679 |
| 3 kW | 3037 kWh | 1822 kWh | 1215 kWh | £467 | £121 | £589 | £8,204 | 13.9 yrs | £3,568 |
| 4 kW | 4050 kWh | 2430 kWh | 1620 kWh | £623 | £162 | £785 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,457 |
| 5 kW | 5062 kWh | 3037 kWh | 2025 kWh | £778 | £202 | £981 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,347 |
| 6 kW | 6075 kWh | 3645 kWh | 2430 kWh | £934 | £243 | £1,177 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,236 |
| 7 kW | 7087 kWh | 4252 kWh | 2835 kWh | £1,090 | £283 | £1,373 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,125 |
| 8 kW | 8100 kWh | 4860 kWh | 3240 kWh | £1,246 | £324 | £1,570 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £13,015 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,060, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2025 kWh | 1417 kWh | 607 kWh | £363 | £61 | £424 | £7,569 | 17.9 yrs | £912 |
| 3 kW | 3037 kWh | 2126 kWh | 911 kWh | £545 | £91 | £636 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,117 |
| 4 kW | 4050 kWh | 2835 kWh | 1215 kWh | £727 | £121 | £848 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,323 |
| 5 kW | 5062 kWh | 3544 kWh | 1519 kWh | £908 | £152 | £1,060 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,529 |
| 6 kW | 6075 kWh | 4252 kWh | 1822 kWh | £1,090 | £182 | £1,272 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,735 |
| 7 kW | 7087 kWh | 4961 kWh | 2126 kWh | £1,272 | £213 | £1,484 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,941 |
| 8 kW | 8100 kWh | 5670 kWh | 2430 kWh | £1,453 | £243 | £1,696 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £14,147 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2025 kWh | 1478 kWh | 547 kWh | £379 | £55 | £434 | £9,319 | 21.5 yrs | £-648 |
| 3 kW | 3037 kWh | 2217 kWh | 820 kWh | £568 | £82 | £650 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,652 |
| 4 kW | 4050 kWh | 2956 kWh | 1093 kWh | £758 | £109 | £867 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £3,953 |
| 5 kW | 5062 kWh | 3695 kWh | 1367 kWh | £947 | £137 | £1,084 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,254 |
| 6 kW | 6075 kWh | 4435 kWh | 1640 kWh | £1,137 | £164 | £1,301 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,555 |
| 7 kW | 7087 kWh | 5174 kWh | 1914 kWh | £1,326 | £191 | £1,517 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,855 |
| 8 kW | 8100 kWh | 5913 kWh | 2187 kWh | £1,515 | £219 | £1,734 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,156 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,100, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2025 kWh | 1519 kWh | 506 kWh | £389 | £51 | £440 | £11,069 | 25.2 yrs | £-2,272 |
| 3 kW | 3037 kWh | 2278 kWh | 759 kWh | £584 | £76 | £660 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £92 |
| 4 kW | 4050 kWh | 3037 kWh | 1012 kWh | £778 | £101 | £880 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,456 |
| 5 kW | 5062 kWh | 3797 kWh | 1266 kWh | £973 | £127 | £1,100 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,820 |
| 6 kW | 6075 kWh | 4556 kWh | 1519 kWh | £1,168 | £152 | £1,320 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,184 |
| 7 kW | 7087 kWh | 5315 kWh | 1772 kWh | £1,362 | £177 | £1,540 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,549 |
| 8 kW | 8100 kWh | 6075 kWh | 2025 kWh | £1,557 | £202 | £1,759 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £11,913 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,115, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2025 kWh | 1559 kWh | 466 kWh | £400 | £47 | £446 | £13,519 | 30.3 yrs | £-4,595 |
| 3 kW | 3037 kWh | 2339 kWh | 699 kWh | £599 | £70 | £669 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,168 |
| 4 kW | 4050 kWh | 3118 kWh | 931 kWh | £799 | £93 | £892 | £17,588 | 19.7 yrs | £260 |
| 5 kW | 5062 kWh | 3898 kWh | 1164 kWh | £999 | £116 | £1,115 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,687 |
| 6 kW | 6075 kWh | 4678 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,199 | £140 | £1,339 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,114 |
| 7 kW | 7087 kWh | 5457 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,399 | £163 | £1,562 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,542 |
| 8 kW | 8100 kWh | 6237 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,598 | £186 | £1,785 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £9,969 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.