A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1010 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £821, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2020 kWh | 808 kWh | 1212 kWh | £207 | £121 | £328 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,498 |
| 3 kW | 3030 kWh | 1212 kWh | 1818 kWh | £311 | £182 | £493 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,747 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 1616 kWh | 2424 kWh | £414 | £242 | £657 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £4,995 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 2020 kWh | 3030 kWh | £518 | £303 | £821 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,244 |
| 6 kW | 6061 kWh | 2424 kWh | 3637 kWh | £621 | £364 | £985 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,493 |
| 7 kW | 7071 kWh | 2828 kWh | 4243 kWh | £725 | £424 | £1,149 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,742 |
| 8 kW | 8081 kWh | 3232 kWh | 4849 kWh | £828 | £485 | £1,313 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £9,991 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £979, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2020 kWh | 1212 kWh | 808 kWh | £311 | £81 | £391 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,661 |
| 3 kW | 3030 kWh | 1818 kWh | 1212 kWh | £466 | £121 | £587 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,541 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 2424 kWh | 1616 kWh | £621 | £162 | £783 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,422 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3030 kWh | 2020 kWh | £777 | £202 | £979 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,302 |
| 6 kW | 6061 kWh | 3637 kWh | 2424 kWh | £932 | £242 | £1,174 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,182 |
| 7 kW | 7071 kWh | 4243 kWh | 2828 kWh | £1,087 | £283 | £1,370 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,063 |
| 8 kW | 8081 kWh | 4849 kWh | 3232 kWh | £1,243 | £323 | £1,566 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £12,943 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,058, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2020 kWh | 1414 kWh | 606 kWh | £362 | £61 | £423 | £7,569 | 17.9 yrs | £892 |
| 3 kW | 3030 kWh | 2121 kWh | 909 kWh | £544 | £91 | £635 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,088 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 2828 kWh | 1212 kWh | £725 | £121 | £846 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,285 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3535 kWh | 1515 kWh | £906 | £152 | £1,058 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,481 |
| 6 kW | 6061 kWh | 4243 kWh | 1818 kWh | £1,087 | £182 | £1,269 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,677 |
| 7 kW | 7071 kWh | 4950 kWh | 2121 kWh | £1,269 | £212 | £1,481 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,873 |
| 8 kW | 8081 kWh | 5657 kWh | 2424 kWh | £1,450 | £242 | £1,692 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £14,069 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,081, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2020 kWh | 1475 kWh | 545 kWh | £378 | £55 | £433 | £9,319 | 21.5 yrs | £-668 |
| 3 kW | 3030 kWh | 2212 kWh | 818 kWh | £567 | £82 | £649 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,623 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 2950 kWh | 1091 kWh | £756 | £109 | £865 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,914 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3687 kWh | 1364 kWh | £945 | £136 | £1,081 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,204 |
| 6 kW | 6061 kWh | 4424 kWh | 1636 kWh | £1,134 | £164 | £1,298 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,495 |
| 7 kW | 7071 kWh | 5162 kWh | 1909 kWh | £1,323 | £191 | £1,514 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,786 |
| 8 kW | 8081 kWh | 5899 kWh | 2182 kWh | £1,512 | £218 | £1,730 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,077 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,097, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2020 kWh | 1515 kWh | 505 kWh | £388 | £51 | £439 | £11,069 | 25.2 yrs | £-2,292 |
| 3 kW | 3030 kWh | 2273 kWh | 758 kWh | £583 | £76 | £658 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £62 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 3030 kWh | 1010 kWh | £777 | £101 | £878 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,416 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3788 kWh | 1263 kWh | £971 | £126 | £1,097 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,770 |
| 6 kW | 6061 kWh | 4546 kWh | 1515 kWh | £1,165 | £152 | £1,317 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,124 |
| 7 kW | 7071 kWh | 5303 kWh | 1768 kWh | £1,359 | £177 | £1,536 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,478 |
| 8 kW | 8081 kWh | 6061 kWh | 2020 kWh | £1,553 | £202 | £1,755 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,832 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,113, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2020 kWh | 1556 kWh | 465 kWh | £399 | £46 | £445 | £13,519 | 30.4 yrs | £-4,616 |
| 3 kW | 3030 kWh | 2333 kWh | 697 kWh | £598 | £70 | £668 | £15,554 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,198 |
| 4 kW | 4041 kWh | 3111 kWh | 929 kWh | £797 | £93 | £890 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £219 |
| 5 kW | 5051 kWh | 3889 kWh | 1162 kWh | £997 | £116 | £1,113 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,636 |
| 6 kW | 6061 kWh | 4667 kWh | 1394 kWh | £1,196 | £139 | £1,336 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,053 |
| 7 kW | 7071 kWh | 5445 kWh | 1626 kWh | £1,395 | £163 | £1,558 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,470 |
| 8 kW | 8081 kWh | 6222 kWh | 1859 kWh | £1,595 | £186 | £1,781 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £9,888 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.