A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 993 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £807, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1986 kWh | 794 kWh | 1192 kWh | £204 | £119 | £323 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,386 |
| 3 kW | 2979 kWh | 1192 kWh | 1787 kWh | £305 | £179 | £484 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,579 |
| 4 kW | 3972 kWh | 1589 kWh | 2383 kWh | £407 | £238 | £645 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,772 |
| 5 kW | 4965 kWh | 1986 kWh | 2979 kWh | £509 | £298 | £807 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,965 |
| 6 kW | 5958 kWh | 2383 kWh | 3575 kWh | £611 | £357 | £968 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,158 |
| 7 kW | 6951 kWh | 2780 kWh | 4170 kWh | £713 | £417 | £1,130 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,351 |
| 8 kW | 7944 kWh | 3177 kWh | 4766 kWh | £814 | £477 | £1,291 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,544 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1986 kWh | 1192 kWh | 794 kWh | £305 | £79 | £385 | £6,169 | 16.0 yrs | £1,527 |
| 3 kW | 2979 kWh | 1787 kWh | 1192 kWh | £458 | £119 | £577 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,341 |
| 4 kW | 3972 kWh | 2383 kWh | 1589 kWh | £611 | £159 | £770 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,155 |
| 5 kW | 4965 kWh | 2979 kWh | 1986 kWh | £763 | £199 | £962 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,969 |
| 6 kW | 5958 kWh | 3575 kWh | 2383 kWh | £916 | £238 | £1,154 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,782 |
| 7 kW | 6951 kWh | 4170 kWh | 2780 kWh | £1,069 | £278 | £1,347 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,596 |
| 8 kW | 7944 kWh | 4766 kWh | 3177 kWh | £1,222 | £318 | £1,539 | £18,376 | 11.9 yrs | £12,410 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1986 kWh | 1390 kWh | 596 kWh | £356 | £60 | £416 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £748 |
| 3 kW | 2979 kWh | 2085 kWh | 894 kWh | £534 | £89 | £624 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,872 |
| 4 kW | 3972 kWh | 2780 kWh | 1192 kWh | £713 | £119 | £832 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,996 |
| 5 kW | 4965 kWh | 3475 kWh | 1489 kWh | £891 | £149 | £1,040 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,121 |
| 6 kW | 5958 kWh | 4170 kWh | 1787 kWh | £1,069 | £179 | £1,248 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,245 |
| 7 kW | 6951 kWh | 4865 kWh | 2085 kWh | £1,247 | £209 | £1,456 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,369 |
| 8 kW | 7944 kWh | 5560 kWh | 2383 kWh | £1,425 | £238 | £1,663 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,493 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,063, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1986 kWh | 1450 kWh | 536 kWh | £372 | £54 | £425 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-816 |
| 3 kW | 2979 kWh | 2175 kWh | 804 kWh | £557 | £80 | £638 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,402 |
| 4 kW | 3972 kWh | 2899 kWh | 1072 kWh | £743 | £107 | £850 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,619 |
| 5 kW | 4965 kWh | 3624 kWh | 1340 kWh | £929 | £134 | £1,063 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,836 |
| 6 kW | 5958 kWh | 4349 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,115 | £161 | £1,276 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,053 |
| 7 kW | 6951 kWh | 5074 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,300 | £188 | £1,488 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,271 |
| 8 kW | 7944 kWh | 5799 kWh | 2145 kWh | £1,486 | £214 | £1,701 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,488 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1986 kWh | 1489 kWh | 496 kWh | £382 | £50 | £431 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,441 |
| 3 kW | 2979 kWh | 2234 kWh | 745 kWh | £573 | £74 | £647 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-162 |
| 4 kW | 3972 kWh | 2979 kWh | 993 kWh | £763 | £99 | £863 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,117 |
| 5 kW | 4965 kWh | 3724 kWh | 1241 kWh | £954 | £124 | £1,078 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,397 |
| 6 kW | 5958 kWh | 4468 kWh | 1489 kWh | £1,145 | £149 | £1,294 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,676 |
| 7 kW | 6951 kWh | 5213 kWh | 1738 kWh | £1,336 | £174 | £1,510 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,955 |
| 8 kW | 7944 kWh | 5958 kWh | 1986 kWh | £1,527 | £199 | £1,726 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,235 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,094, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1986 kWh | 1529 kWh | 457 kWh | £392 | £46 | £438 | £13,519 | 30.9 yrs | £-4,767 |
| 3 kW | 2979 kWh | 2294 kWh | 685 kWh | £588 | £69 | £656 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,426 |
| 4 kW | 3972 kWh | 3058 kWh | 914 kWh | £784 | £91 | £875 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-84 |
| 5 kW | 4965 kWh | 3823 kWh | 1142 kWh | £980 | £114 | £1,094 | £19,623 | 17.9 yrs | £2,257 |
| 6 kW | 5958 kWh | 4587 kWh | 1370 kWh | £1,176 | £137 | £1,313 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,598 |
| 7 kW | 6951 kWh | 5352 kWh | 1599 kWh | £1,372 | £160 | £1,532 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,940 |
| 8 kW | 7944 kWh | 6117 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,568 | £183 | £1,750 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,281 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.