A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 993 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £807, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1987 kWh | 795 kWh | 1192 kWh | £204 | £119 | £323 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,389 |
| 3 kW | 2980 kWh | 1192 kWh | 1788 kWh | £306 | £179 | £484 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,584 |
| 4 kW | 3974 kWh | 1590 kWh | 2384 kWh | £407 | £238 | £646 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,779 |
| 5 kW | 4967 kWh | 1987 kWh | 2980 kWh | £509 | £298 | £807 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,973 |
| 6 kW | 5961 kWh | 2384 kWh | 3577 kWh | £611 | £358 | £969 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,168 |
| 7 kW | 6954 kWh | 2782 kWh | 4173 kWh | £713 | £417 | £1,130 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,363 |
| 8 kW | 7948 kWh | 3179 kWh | 4769 kWh | £815 | £477 | £1,292 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,558 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £963, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1987 kWh | 1192 kWh | 795 kWh | £306 | £79 | £385 | £6,169 | 16.0 yrs | £1,532 |
| 3 kW | 2980 kWh | 1788 kWh | 1192 kWh | £458 | £119 | £578 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,347 |
| 4 kW | 3974 kWh | 2384 kWh | 1590 kWh | £611 | £159 | £770 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,163 |
| 5 kW | 4967 kWh | 2980 kWh | 1987 kWh | £764 | £199 | £963 | £12,273 | 12.7 yrs | £6,979 |
| 6 kW | 5961 kWh | 3577 kWh | 2384 kWh | £917 | £238 | £1,155 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,795 |
| 7 kW | 6954 kWh | 4173 kWh | 2782 kWh | £1,069 | £278 | £1,348 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,611 |
| 8 kW | 7948 kWh | 4769 kWh | 3179 kWh | £1,222 | £318 | £1,540 | £18,376 | 11.9 yrs | £12,427 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1987 kWh | 1391 kWh | 596 kWh | £356 | £60 | £416 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £753 |
| 3 kW | 2980 kWh | 2086 kWh | 894 kWh | £535 | £89 | £624 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,879 |
| 4 kW | 3974 kWh | 2782 kWh | 1192 kWh | £713 | £119 | £832 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £5,006 |
| 5 kW | 4967 kWh | 3477 kWh | 1490 kWh | £891 | £149 | £1,040 | £13,673 | 13.1 yrs | £7,132 |
| 6 kW | 5961 kWh | 4173 kWh | 1788 kWh | £1,069 | £179 | £1,248 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,258 |
| 7 kW | 6954 kWh | 4868 kWh | 2086 kWh | £1,248 | £209 | £1,456 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,385 |
| 8 kW | 7948 kWh | 5563 kWh | 2384 kWh | £1,426 | £238 | £1,664 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,511 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,064, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1987 kWh | 1450 kWh | 536 kWh | £372 | £54 | £425 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-811 |
| 3 kW | 2980 kWh | 2176 kWh | 805 kWh | £558 | £80 | £638 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,409 |
| 4 kW | 3974 kWh | 2901 kWh | 1073 kWh | £744 | £107 | £851 | £13,388 | 15.7 yrs | £3,628 |
| 5 kW | 4967 kWh | 3626 kWh | 1341 kWh | £929 | £134 | £1,064 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,848 |
| 6 kW | 5961 kWh | 4351 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,115 | £161 | £1,276 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,067 |
| 7 kW | 6954 kWh | 5077 kWh | 1878 kWh | £1,301 | £188 | £1,489 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,287 |
| 8 kW | 7948 kWh | 5802 kWh | 2146 kWh | £1,487 | £215 | £1,702 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,506 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1987 kWh | 1490 kWh | 497 kWh | £382 | £50 | £432 | £11,069 | 25.6 yrs | £-2,437 |
| 3 kW | 2980 kWh | 2235 kWh | 745 kWh | £573 | £75 | £647 | £13,104 | 20.2 yrs | £-155 |
| 4 kW | 3974 kWh | 2980 kWh | 993 kWh | £764 | £99 | £863 | £15,138 | 17.5 yrs | £2,127 |
| 5 kW | 4967 kWh | 3726 kWh | 1242 kWh | £955 | £124 | £1,079 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,408 |
| 6 kW | 5961 kWh | 4471 kWh | 1490 kWh | £1,146 | £149 | £1,295 | £19,207 | 14.8 yrs | £6,690 |
| 7 kW | 6954 kWh | 5216 kWh | 1739 kWh | £1,337 | £174 | £1,511 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,972 |
| 8 kW | 7948 kWh | 5961 kWh | 1987 kWh | £1,528 | £199 | £1,726 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,253 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1987 kWh | 1530 kWh | 457 kWh | £392 | £46 | £438 | £13,519 | 30.9 yrs | £-4,762 |
| 3 kW | 2980 kWh | 2295 kWh | 686 kWh | £588 | £69 | £657 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,419 |
| 4 kW | 3974 kWh | 3060 kWh | 914 kWh | £784 | £91 | £876 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-75 |
| 5 kW | 4967 kWh | 3825 kWh | 1143 kWh | £980 | £114 | £1,095 | £19,623 | 17.9 yrs | £2,269 |
| 6 kW | 5961 kWh | 4590 kWh | 1371 kWh | £1,176 | £137 | £1,313 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,613 |
| 7 kW | 6954 kWh | 5355 kWh | 1600 kWh | £1,372 | £160 | £1,532 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,956 |
| 8 kW | 7948 kWh | 6120 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,569 | £183 | £1,751 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,300 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.