A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1014 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £849, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 811 kWh | 1217 kWh | £218 | £122 | £339 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,719 |
| 3 kW | 3043 kWh | 1217 kWh | 1826 kWh | £327 | £183 | £509 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,079 |
| 4 kW | 4057 kWh | 1623 kWh | 2434 kWh | £435 | £243 | £679 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,439 |
| 5 kW | 5071 kWh | 2029 kWh | 3043 kWh | £544 | £304 | £849 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,798 |
| 6 kW | 6086 kWh | 2434 kWh | 3651 kWh | £653 | £365 | £1,018 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,158 |
| 7 kW | 7100 kWh | 2840 kWh | 4260 kWh | £762 | £426 | £1,188 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,518 |
| 8 kW | 8114 kWh | 3246 kWh | 4868 kWh | £871 | £487 | £1,358 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,877 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,019, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1217 kWh | 811 kWh | £327 | £81 | £408 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £1,985 |
| 3 kW | 3043 kWh | 1826 kWh | 1217 kWh | £490 | £122 | £612 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,027 |
| 4 kW | 4057 kWh | 2434 kWh | 1623 kWh | £653 | £162 | £815 | £10,238 | 12.6 yrs | £6,070 |
| 5 kW | 5071 kWh | 3043 kWh | 2029 kWh | £816 | £203 | £1,019 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,112 |
| 6 kW | 6086 kWh | 3651 kWh | 2434 kWh | £980 | £243 | £1,223 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,155 |
| 7 kW | 7100 kWh | 4260 kWh | 2840 kWh | £1,143 | £284 | £1,427 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £12,197 |
| 8 kW | 8114 kWh | 4868 kWh | 3246 kWh | £1,306 | £325 | £1,631 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,240 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,105, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1420 kWh | 609 kWh | £381 | £61 | £442 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,268 |
| 3 kW | 3043 kWh | 2130 kWh | 913 kWh | £571 | £91 | £663 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,652 |
| 4 kW | 4057 kWh | 2840 kWh | 1217 kWh | £762 | £122 | £884 | £11,638 | 13.2 yrs | £6,035 |
| 5 kW | 5071 kWh | 3550 kWh | 1521 kWh | £952 | £152 | £1,105 | £13,673 | 12.4 yrs | £8,419 |
| 6 kW | 6086 kWh | 4260 kWh | 1826 kWh | £1,143 | £183 | £1,326 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,803 |
| 7 kW | 7100 kWh | 4970 kWh | 2130 kWh | £1,333 | £213 | £1,546 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £13,187 |
| 8 kW | 8114 kWh | 5680 kWh | 2434 kWh | £1,524 | £243 | £1,767 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,571 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,130, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1481 kWh | 548 kWh | £397 | £55 | £452 | £9,319 | 20.6 yrs | £-277 |
| 3 kW | 3043 kWh | 2221 kWh | 822 kWh | £596 | £82 | £678 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,209 |
| 4 kW | 4057 kWh | 2962 kWh | 1095 kWh | £795 | £110 | £904 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,695 |
| 5 kW | 5071 kWh | 3702 kWh | 1369 kWh | £993 | £137 | £1,130 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,181 |
| 6 kW | 6086 kWh | 4443 kWh | 1643 kWh | £1,192 | £164 | £1,356 | £17,457 | 12.9 yrs | £9,668 |
| 7 kW | 7100 kWh | 5183 kWh | 1917 kWh | £1,391 | £192 | £1,582 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,154 |
| 8 kW | 8114 kWh | 5923 kWh | 2191 kWh | £1,589 | £219 | £1,808 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,640 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,147, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1521 kWh | 507 kWh | £408 | £51 | £459 | £11,069 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,891 |
| 3 kW | 3043 kWh | 2282 kWh | 761 kWh | £612 | £76 | £688 | £13,104 | 19.0 yrs | £664 |
| 4 kW | 4057 kWh | 3043 kWh | 1014 kWh | £816 | £101 | £918 | £15,138 | 16.5 yrs | £3,218 |
| 5 kW | 5071 kWh | 3804 kWh | 1268 kWh | £1,020 | £127 | £1,147 | £17,173 | 15.0 yrs | £5,773 |
| 6 kW | 6086 kWh | 4564 kWh | 1521 kWh | £1,225 | £152 | £1,377 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,327 |
| 7 kW | 7100 kWh | 5325 kWh | 1775 kWh | £1,429 | £177 | £1,606 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £10,882 |
| 8 kW | 8114 kWh | 6086 kWh | 2029 kWh | £1,633 | £203 | £1,836 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,436 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,164, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2029 kWh | 1562 kWh | 467 kWh | £419 | £47 | £466 | £13,519 | 29.0 yrs | £-4,204 |
| 3 kW | 3043 kWh | 2343 kWh | 700 kWh | £629 | £70 | £699 | £15,554 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,581 |
| 4 kW | 4057 kWh | 3124 kWh | 933 kWh | £838 | £93 | £931 | £17,588 | 18.9 yrs | £1,041 |
| 5 kW | 5071 kWh | 3905 kWh | 1166 kWh | £1,048 | £117 | £1,164 | £19,623 | 16.9 yrs | £3,664 |
| 6 kW | 6086 kWh | 4686 kWh | 1400 kWh | £1,257 | £140 | £1,397 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,287 |
| 7 kW | 7100 kWh | 5467 kWh | 1633 kWh | £1,467 | £163 | £1,630 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £8,910 |
| 8 kW | 8114 kWh | 6248 kWh | 1866 kWh | £1,676 | £187 | £1,863 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,533 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.