A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 972 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £813, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1943 kWh | 777 kWh | 1166 kWh | £209 | £117 | £325 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,434 |
| 3 kW | 2915 kWh | 1166 kWh | 1749 kWh | £313 | £175 | £488 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,651 |
| 4 kW | 3886 kWh | 1555 kWh | 2332 kWh | £417 | £233 | £650 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,868 |
| 5 kW | 4858 kWh | 1943 kWh | 2915 kWh | £521 | £291 | £813 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,084 |
| 6 kW | 5830 kWh | 2332 kWh | 3498 kWh | £626 | £350 | £975 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,301 |
| 7 kW | 6801 kWh | 2721 kWh | 4081 kWh | £730 | £408 | £1,138 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,518 |
| 8 kW | 7773 kWh | 3109 kWh | 4664 kWh | £834 | £466 | £1,301 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,735 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1943 kWh | 1166 kWh | 777 kWh | £313 | £78 | £391 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,642 |
| 3 kW | 2915 kWh | 1749 kWh | 1166 kWh | £469 | £117 | £586 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,513 |
| 4 kW | 3886 kWh | 2332 kWh | 1555 kWh | £626 | £155 | £781 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,384 |
| 5 kW | 4858 kWh | 2915 kWh | 1943 kWh | £782 | £194 | £976 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,255 |
| 6 kW | 5830 kWh | 3498 kWh | 2332 kWh | £938 | £233 | £1,172 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,126 |
| 7 kW | 6801 kWh | 4081 kWh | 2721 kWh | £1,095 | £272 | £1,367 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,997 |
| 8 kW | 7773 kWh | 4664 kWh | 3109 kWh | £1,251 | £311 | £1,562 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,868 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,058, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1943 kWh | 1360 kWh | 583 kWh | £365 | £58 | £423 | £7,569 | 17.9 yrs | £896 |
| 3 kW | 2915 kWh | 2040 kWh | 874 kWh | £547 | £87 | £635 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,094 |
| 4 kW | 3886 kWh | 2721 kWh | 1166 kWh | £730 | £117 | £847 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,292 |
| 5 kW | 4858 kWh | 3401 kWh | 1457 kWh | £912 | £146 | £1,058 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,490 |
| 6 kW | 5830 kWh | 4081 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,095 | £175 | £1,270 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,688 |
| 7 kW | 6801 kWh | 4761 kWh | 2040 kWh | £1,277 | £204 | £1,481 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,886 |
| 8 kW | 7773 kWh | 5441 kWh | 2332 kWh | £1,460 | £233 | £1,693 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £14,084 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,083, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1943 kWh | 1419 kWh | 525 kWh | £381 | £52 | £433 | £9,319 | 21.5 yrs | £-658 |
| 3 kW | 2915 kWh | 2128 kWh | 787 kWh | £571 | £79 | £650 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,638 |
| 4 kW | 3886 kWh | 2837 kWh | 1049 kWh | £761 | £105 | £866 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,935 |
| 5 kW | 4858 kWh | 3546 kWh | 1312 kWh | £951 | £131 | £1,083 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,231 |
| 6 kW | 5830 kWh | 4256 kWh | 1574 kWh | £1,142 | £157 | £1,299 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,527 |
| 7 kW | 6801 kWh | 4965 kWh | 1836 kWh | £1,332 | £184 | £1,516 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,823 |
| 8 kW | 7773 kWh | 5674 kWh | 2099 kWh | £1,522 | £210 | £1,732 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,119 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,099, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1943 kWh | 1457 kWh | 486 kWh | £391 | £49 | £440 | £11,069 | 25.2 yrs | £-2,277 |
| 3 kW | 2915 kWh | 2186 kWh | 729 kWh | £587 | £73 | £659 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £85 |
| 4 kW | 3886 kWh | 2915 kWh | 972 kWh | £782 | £97 | £879 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,446 |
| 5 kW | 4858 kWh | 3644 kWh | 1215 kWh | £978 | £121 | £1,099 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,808 |
| 6 kW | 5830 kWh | 4372 kWh | 1457 kWh | £1,173 | £146 | £1,319 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,169 |
| 7 kW | 6801 kWh | 5101 kWh | 1700 kWh | £1,369 | £170 | £1,539 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,531 |
| 8 kW | 7773 kWh | 5830 kWh | 1943 kWh | £1,564 | £194 | £1,758 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £11,892 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,115, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1943 kWh | 1496 kWh | 447 kWh | £401 | £45 | £446 | £13,519 | 30.3 yrs | £-4,596 |
| 3 kW | 2915 kWh | 2244 kWh | 670 kWh | £602 | £67 | £669 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,169 |
| 4 kW | 3886 kWh | 2993 kWh | 894 kWh | £803 | £89 | £892 | £17,588 | 19.7 yrs | £258 |
| 5 kW | 4858 kWh | 3741 kWh | 1117 kWh | £1,004 | £112 | £1,115 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,685 |
| 6 kW | 5830 kWh | 4489 kWh | 1341 kWh | £1,204 | £134 | £1,338 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,112 |
| 7 kW | 6801 kWh | 5237 kWh | 1564 kWh | £1,405 | £156 | £1,562 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,539 |
| 8 kW | 7773 kWh | 5985 kWh | 1788 kWh | £1,606 | £179 | £1,785 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £9,966 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.