A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 982 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £822, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1965 kWh | 786 kWh | 1179 kWh | £211 | £118 | £329 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,506 |
| 3 kW | 2947 kWh | 1179 kWh | 1768 kWh | £316 | £177 | £493 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,759 |
| 4 kW | 3930 kWh | 1572 kWh | 2358 kWh | £422 | £236 | £658 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £5,012 |
| 5 kW | 4912 kWh | 1965 kWh | 2947 kWh | £527 | £295 | £822 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,265 |
| 6 kW | 5895 kWh | 2358 kWh | 3537 kWh | £633 | £354 | £986 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,519 |
| 7 kW | 6877 kWh | 2751 kWh | 4126 kWh | £738 | £413 | £1,151 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,772 |
| 8 kW | 7859 kWh | 3144 kWh | 4716 kWh | £843 | £472 | £1,315 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £10,025 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £987, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1965 kWh | 1179 kWh | 786 kWh | £316 | £79 | £395 | £6,169 | 15.6 yrs | £1,729 |
| 3 kW | 2947 kWh | 1768 kWh | 1179 kWh | £474 | £118 | £592 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,643 |
| 4 kW | 3930 kWh | 2358 kWh | 1572 kWh | £633 | £157 | £790 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,558 |
| 5 kW | 4912 kWh | 2947 kWh | 1965 kWh | £791 | £196 | £987 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,472 |
| 6 kW | 5895 kWh | 3537 kWh | 2358 kWh | £949 | £236 | £1,185 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,387 |
| 7 kW | 6877 kWh | 4126 kWh | 2751 kWh | £1,107 | £275 | £1,382 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,301 |
| 8 kW | 7859 kWh | 4716 kWh | 3144 kWh | £1,265 | £314 | £1,580 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,216 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,070, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1965 kWh | 1375 kWh | 589 kWh | £369 | £59 | £428 | £7,569 | 17.7 yrs | £990 |
| 3 kW | 2947 kWh | 2063 kWh | 884 kWh | £554 | £88 | £642 | £9,604 | 15.0 yrs | £3,235 |
| 4 kW | 3930 kWh | 2751 kWh | 1179 kWh | £738 | £118 | £856 | £11,638 | 13.6 yrs | £5,481 |
| 5 kW | 4912 kWh | 3439 kWh | 1474 kWh | £923 | £147 | £1,070 | £13,673 | 12.8 yrs | £7,726 |
| 6 kW | 5895 kWh | 4126 kWh | 1768 kWh | £1,107 | £177 | £1,284 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £9,971 |
| 7 kW | 6877 kWh | 4814 kWh | 2063 kWh | £1,292 | £206 | £1,498 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,216 |
| 8 kW | 7859 kWh | 5502 kWh | 2358 kWh | £1,476 | £236 | £1,712 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,461 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1965 kWh | 1434 kWh | 531 kWh | £385 | £53 | £438 | £9,319 | 21.3 yrs | £-561 |
| 3 kW | 2947 kWh | 2152 kWh | 796 kWh | £577 | £80 | £657 | £11,354 | 17.3 yrs | £1,783 |
| 4 kW | 3930 kWh | 2869 kWh | 1061 kWh | £770 | £106 | £876 | £13,388 | 15.3 yrs | £4,127 |
| 5 kW | 4912 kWh | 3586 kWh | 1326 kWh | £962 | £133 | £1,095 | £15,423 | 14.1 yrs | £6,472 |
| 6 kW | 5895 kWh | 4303 kWh | 1592 kWh | £1,155 | £159 | £1,314 | £17,457 | 13.3 yrs | £8,816 |
| 7 kW | 6877 kWh | 5020 kWh | 1857 kWh | £1,347 | £186 | £1,533 | £19,492 | 12.7 yrs | £11,161 |
| 8 kW | 7859 kWh | 5737 kWh | 2122 kWh | £1,539 | £212 | £1,752 | £21,526 | 12.3 yrs | £13,505 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,111, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1965 kWh | 1474 kWh | 491 kWh | £395 | £49 | £445 | £11,069 | 24.9 yrs | £-2,179 |
| 3 kW | 2947 kWh | 2210 kWh | 737 kWh | £593 | £74 | £667 | £13,104 | 19.7 yrs | £231 |
| 4 kW | 3930 kWh | 2947 kWh | 982 kWh | £791 | £98 | £889 | £15,138 | 17.0 yrs | £2,642 |
| 5 kW | 4912 kWh | 3684 kWh | 1228 kWh | £988 | £123 | £1,111 | £17,173 | 15.5 yrs | £5,052 |
| 6 kW | 5895 kWh | 4421 kWh | 1474 kWh | £1,186 | £147 | £1,334 | £19,207 | 14.4 yrs | £7,463 |
| 7 kW | 6877 kWh | 5158 kWh | 1719 kWh | £1,384 | £172 | £1,556 | £21,242 | 13.7 yrs | £9,873 |
| 8 kW | 7859 kWh | 5895 kWh | 1965 kWh | £1,582 | £196 | £1,778 | £23,276 | 13.1 yrs | £12,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,128, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1965 kWh | 1513 kWh | 452 kWh | £406 | £45 | £451 | £13,519 | 30.0 yrs | £-4,497 |
| 3 kW | 2947 kWh | 2269 kWh | 678 kWh | £609 | £68 | £677 | £15,554 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,020 |
| 4 kW | 3930 kWh | 3026 kWh | 904 kWh | £812 | £90 | £902 | £17,588 | 19.5 yrs | £457 |
| 5 kW | 4912 kWh | 3782 kWh | 1130 kWh | £1,015 | £113 | £1,128 | £19,623 | 17.4 yrs | £2,933 |
| 6 kW | 5895 kWh | 4539 kWh | 1356 kWh | £1,218 | £136 | £1,353 | £21,657 | 16.0 yrs | £5,410 |
| 7 kW | 6877 kWh | 5295 kWh | 1582 kWh | £1,421 | £158 | £1,579 | £23,692 | 15.0 yrs | £7,886 |
| 8 kW | 7859 kWh | 6052 kWh | 1808 kWh | £1,624 | £181 | £1,804 | £25,726 | 14.3 yrs | £10,363 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.