A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 955 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £775, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1911 kWh | 764 kWh | 1146 kWh | £195 | £115 | £310 | £4,069 | 13.1 yrs | £2,130 |
| 3 kW | 2866 kWh | 1146 kWh | 1720 kWh | £293 | £172 | £465 | £6,104 | 13.1 yrs | £3,195 |
| 4 kW | 3822 kWh | 1529 kWh | 2293 kWh | £391 | £229 | £620 | £8,138 | 13.1 yrs | £4,259 |
| 5 kW | 4777 kWh | 1911 kWh | 2866 kWh | £488 | £287 | £775 | £10,173 | 13.1 yrs | £5,324 |
| 6 kW | 5732 kWh | 2293 kWh | 3439 kWh | £586 | £344 | £930 | £12,207 | 13.1 yrs | £6,389 |
| 7 kW | 6688 kWh | 2675 kWh | 4013 kWh | £684 | £401 | £1,085 | £14,242 | 13.1 yrs | £7,454 |
| 8 kW | 7643 kWh | 3057 kWh | 4586 kWh | £781 | £459 | £1,240 | £16,276 | 13.1 yrs | £8,519 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £923, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1911 kWh | 1146 kWh | 764 kWh | £293 | £76 | £369 | £6,169 | 16.7 yrs | £1,218 |
| 3 kW | 2866 kWh | 1720 kWh | 1146 kWh | £439 | £115 | £554 | £8,204 | 14.8 yrs | £2,877 |
| 4 kW | 3822 kWh | 2293 kWh | 1529 kWh | £586 | £153 | £739 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,536 |
| 5 kW | 4777 kWh | 2866 kWh | 1911 kWh | £732 | £191 | £923 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,196 |
| 6 kW | 5732 kWh | 3439 kWh | 2293 kWh | £879 | £229 | £1,108 | £14,307 | 12.9 yrs | £7,855 |
| 7 kW | 6688 kWh | 4013 kWh | 2675 kWh | £1,025 | £268 | £1,293 | £16,342 | 12.6 yrs | £9,514 |
| 8 kW | 7643 kWh | 4586 kWh | 3057 kWh | £1,172 | £306 | £1,477 | £18,376 | 12.4 yrs | £11,173 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £998, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1911 kWh | 1338 kWh | 573 kWh | £342 | £57 | £399 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £412 |
| 3 kW | 2866 kWh | 2006 kWh | 860 kWh | £513 | £86 | £599 | £9,604 | 16.0 yrs | £2,369 |
| 4 kW | 3822 kWh | 2675 kWh | 1146 kWh | £684 | £115 | £798 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,325 |
| 5 kW | 4777 kWh | 3344 kWh | 1433 kWh | £854 | £143 | £998 | £13,673 | 13.7 yrs | £6,281 |
| 6 kW | 5732 kWh | 4013 kWh | 1720 kWh | £1,025 | £172 | £1,197 | £15,707 | 13.1 yrs | £8,237 |
| 7 kW | 6688 kWh | 4682 kWh | 2006 kWh | £1,196 | £201 | £1,397 | £17,742 | 12.7 yrs | £10,194 |
| 8 kW | 7643 kWh | 5350 kWh | 2293 kWh | £1,367 | £229 | £1,596 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,150 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,020, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1911 kWh | 1395 kWh | 516 kWh | £356 | £52 | £408 | £9,319 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,159 |
| 3 kW | 2866 kWh | 2092 kWh | 774 kWh | £535 | £77 | £612 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £886 |
| 4 kW | 3822 kWh | 2790 kWh | 1032 kWh | £713 | £103 | £816 | £13,388 | 16.4 yrs | £2,932 |
| 5 kW | 4777 kWh | 3487 kWh | 1290 kWh | £891 | £129 | £1,020 | £15,423 | 15.1 yrs | £4,977 |
| 6 kW | 5732 kWh | 4185 kWh | 1548 kWh | £1,069 | £155 | £1,224 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £7,022 |
| 7 kW | 6688 kWh | 4882 kWh | 1806 kWh | £1,247 | £181 | £1,428 | £19,492 | 13.6 yrs | £9,068 |
| 8 kW | 7643 kWh | 5580 kWh | 2064 kWh | £1,426 | £206 | £1,632 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £11,113 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1911 kWh | 1433 kWh | 478 kWh | £366 | £48 | £414 | £11,069 | 26.7 yrs | £-2,790 |
| 3 kW | 2866 kWh | 2150 kWh | 717 kWh | £549 | £72 | £621 | £13,104 | 21.1 yrs | £-686 |
| 4 kW | 3822 kWh | 2866 kWh | 955 kWh | £732 | £96 | £828 | £15,138 | 18.3 yrs | £1,419 |
| 5 kW | 4777 kWh | 3583 kWh | 1194 kWh | £915 | £119 | £1,035 | £17,173 | 16.6 yrs | £3,524 |
| 6 kW | 5732 kWh | 4299 kWh | 1433 kWh | £1,098 | £143 | £1,242 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,629 |
| 7 kW | 6688 kWh | 5016 kWh | 1672 kWh | £1,282 | £167 | £1,449 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,734 |
| 8 kW | 7643 kWh | 5732 kWh | 1911 kWh | £1,465 | £191 | £1,656 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,838 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,050, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1911 kWh | 1471 kWh | 439 kWh | £376 | £44 | £420 | £13,519 | 32.2 yrs | £-5,122 |
| 3 kW | 2866 kWh | 2207 kWh | 659 kWh | £564 | £66 | £630 | £15,554 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,957 |
| 4 kW | 3822 kWh | 2943 kWh | 879 kWh | £752 | £88 | £840 | £17,588 | 20.9 yrs | £-793 |
| 5 kW | 4777 kWh | 3678 kWh | 1099 kWh | £940 | £110 | £1,050 | £19,623 | 18.7 yrs | £1,371 |
| 6 kW | 5732 kWh | 4414 kWh | 1318 kWh | £1,128 | £132 | £1,260 | £21,657 | 17.2 yrs | £3,535 |
| 7 kW | 6688 kWh | 5150 kWh | 1538 kWh | £1,316 | £154 | £1,470 | £23,692 | 16.1 yrs | £5,700 |
| 8 kW | 7643 kWh | 5885 kWh | 1758 kWh | £1,504 | £176 | £1,679 | £25,726 | 15.3 yrs | £7,864 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.