A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1023 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £850, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2047 kWh | 819 kWh | 1228 kWh | £217 | £123 | £340 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,730 |
| 3 kW | 3070 kWh | 1228 kWh | 1842 kWh | £326 | £184 | £510 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,096 |
| 4 kW | 4093 kWh | 1637 kWh | 2456 kWh | £434 | £246 | £680 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,461 |
| 5 kW | 5116 kWh | 2047 kWh | 3070 kWh | £543 | £307 | £850 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,826 |
| 6 kW | 6140 kWh | 2456 kWh | 3684 kWh | £652 | £368 | £1,020 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,191 |
| 7 kW | 7163 kWh | 2865 kWh | 4298 kWh | £760 | £430 | £1,190 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,556 |
| 8 kW | 8186 kWh | 3274 kWh | 4912 kWh | £869 | £491 | £1,360 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,922 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,019, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2047 kWh | 1228 kWh | 819 kWh | £326 | £82 | £408 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £1,984 |
| 3 kW | 3070 kWh | 1842 kWh | 1228 kWh | £489 | £123 | £611 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,025 |
| 4 kW | 4093 kWh | 2456 kWh | 1637 kWh | £652 | £164 | £815 | £10,238 | 12.6 yrs | £6,067 |
| 5 kW | 5116 kWh | 3070 kWh | 2047 kWh | £814 | £205 | £1,019 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,109 |
| 6 kW | 6140 kWh | 3684 kWh | 2456 kWh | £977 | £246 | £1,223 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,151 |
| 7 kW | 7163 kWh | 4298 kWh | 2865 kWh | £1,140 | £287 | £1,427 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £12,193 |
| 8 kW | 8186 kWh | 4912 kWh | 3274 kWh | £1,303 | £327 | £1,631 | £18,376 | 11.3 yrs | £14,234 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,104, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2047 kWh | 1433 kWh | 614 kWh | £380 | £61 | £441 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,260 |
| 3 kW | 3070 kWh | 2149 kWh | 921 kWh | £570 | £92 | £662 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,640 |
| 4 kW | 4093 kWh | 2865 kWh | 1228 kWh | £760 | £123 | £883 | £11,638 | 13.2 yrs | £6,020 |
| 5 kW | 5116 kWh | 3581 kWh | 1535 kWh | £950 | £153 | £1,104 | £13,673 | 12.4 yrs | £8,400 |
| 6 kW | 6140 kWh | 4298 kWh | 1842 kWh | £1,140 | £184 | £1,324 | £15,707 | 11.9 yrs | £10,780 |
| 7 kW | 7163 kWh | 5014 kWh | 2149 kWh | £1,330 | £215 | £1,545 | £17,742 | 11.5 yrs | £13,161 |
| 8 kW | 8186 kWh | 5730 kWh | 2456 kWh | £1,520 | £246 | £1,766 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,541 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,129, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2047 kWh | 1494 kWh | 553 kWh | £396 | £55 | £452 | £9,319 | 20.6 yrs | £-287 |
| 3 kW | 3070 kWh | 2241 kWh | 829 kWh | £595 | £83 | £677 | £11,354 | 16.8 yrs | £2,195 |
| 4 kW | 4093 kWh | 2988 kWh | 1105 kWh | £793 | £111 | £903 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,676 |
| 5 kW | 5116 kWh | 3735 kWh | 1381 kWh | £991 | £138 | £1,129 | £15,423 | 13.7 yrs | £7,158 |
| 6 kW | 6140 kWh | 4482 kWh | 1658 kWh | £1,189 | £166 | £1,355 | £17,457 | 12.9 yrs | £9,639 |
| 7 kW | 7163 kWh | 5229 kWh | 1934 kWh | £1,387 | £193 | £1,581 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,121 |
| 8 kW | 8186 kWh | 5976 kWh | 2210 kWh | £1,585 | £221 | £1,806 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,603 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,146, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2047 kWh | 1535 kWh | 512 kWh | £407 | £51 | £458 | £11,069 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,902 |
| 3 kW | 3070 kWh | 2302 kWh | 767 kWh | £611 | £77 | £688 | £13,104 | 19.1 yrs | £648 |
| 4 kW | 4093 kWh | 3070 kWh | 1023 kWh | £814 | £102 | £917 | £15,138 | 16.5 yrs | £3,197 |
| 5 kW | 5116 kWh | 3837 kWh | 1279 kWh | £1,018 | £128 | £1,146 | £17,173 | 15.0 yrs | £5,746 |
| 6 kW | 6140 kWh | 4605 kWh | 1535 kWh | £1,222 | £153 | £1,375 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,295 |
| 7 kW | 7163 kWh | 5372 kWh | 1791 kWh | £1,425 | £179 | £1,604 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £10,845 |
| 8 kW | 8186 kWh | 6140 kWh | 2047 kWh | £1,629 | £205 | £1,833 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,394 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,163, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2047 kWh | 1576 kWh | 471 kWh | £418 | £47 | £465 | £13,519 | 29.1 yrs | £-4,216 |
| 3 kW | 3070 kWh | 2364 kWh | 706 kWh | £627 | £71 | £698 | £15,554 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,599 |
| 4 kW | 4093 kWh | 3152 kWh | 941 kWh | £836 | £94 | £930 | £17,588 | 18.9 yrs | £1,018 |
| 5 kW | 5116 kWh | 3940 kWh | 1177 kWh | £1,045 | £118 | £1,163 | £19,623 | 16.9 yrs | £3,634 |
| 6 kW | 6140 kWh | 4728 kWh | 1412 kWh | £1,254 | £141 | £1,395 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,251 |
| 7 kW | 7163 kWh | 5515 kWh | 1647 kWh | £1,463 | £165 | £1,628 | £23,692 | 14.6 yrs | £8,868 |
| 8 kW | 8186 kWh | 6303 kWh | 1883 kWh | £1,672 | £188 | £1,861 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,485 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.