A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1027 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £853, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 822 kWh | 1233 kWh | £218 | £123 | £341 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,758 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 1233 kWh | 1849 kWh | £327 | £185 | £512 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,138 |
| 4 kW | 4110 kWh | 1644 kWh | 2466 kWh | £436 | £247 | £683 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,517 |
| 5 kW | 5137 kWh | 2055 kWh | 3082 kWh | £545 | £308 | £853 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,896 |
| 6 kW | 6165 kWh | 2466 kWh | 3699 kWh | £654 | £370 | £1,024 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,275 |
| 7 kW | 7192 kWh | 2877 kWh | 4315 kWh | £763 | £432 | £1,195 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,654 |
| 8 kW | 8220 kWh | 3288 kWh | 4932 kWh | £872 | £493 | £1,365 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,034 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,023, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1233 kWh | 822 kWh | £327 | £82 | £409 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £2,017 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 1849 kWh | 1233 kWh | £491 | £123 | £614 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,076 |
| 4 kW | 4110 kWh | 2466 kWh | 1644 kWh | £654 | £164 | £819 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,134 |
| 5 kW | 5137 kWh | 3082 kWh | 2055 kWh | £818 | £205 | £1,023 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,193 |
| 6 kW | 6165 kWh | 3699 kWh | 2466 kWh | £981 | £247 | £1,228 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,251 |
| 7 kW | 7192 kWh | 4315 kWh | 2877 kWh | £1,145 | £288 | £1,433 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,310 |
| 8 kW | 8220 kWh | 4932 kWh | 3288 kWh | £1,308 | £329 | £1,637 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,368 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,108, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1438 kWh | 616 kWh | £382 | £62 | £443 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,296 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2158 kWh | 925 kWh | £572 | £92 | £665 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,695 |
| 4 kW | 4110 kWh | 2877 kWh | 1233 kWh | £763 | £123 | £887 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,093 |
| 5 kW | 5137 kWh | 3596 kWh | 1541 kWh | £954 | £154 | £1,108 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,491 |
| 6 kW | 6165 kWh | 4315 kWh | 1849 kWh | £1,145 | £185 | £1,330 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,889 |
| 7 kW | 7192 kWh | 5035 kWh | 2158 kWh | £1,336 | £216 | £1,551 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,288 |
| 8 kW | 8220 kWh | 5754 kWh | 2466 kWh | £1,527 | £247 | £1,773 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,686 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,134, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1500 kWh | 555 kWh | £398 | £55 | £453 | £9,319 | 20.6 yrs | £-250 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2250 kWh | 832 kWh | £597 | £83 | £680 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,250 |
| 4 kW | 4110 kWh | 3000 kWh | 1110 kWh | £796 | £111 | £907 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,751 |
| 5 kW | 5137 kWh | 3750 kWh | 1387 kWh | £995 | £139 | £1,134 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,251 |
| 6 kW | 6165 kWh | 4500 kWh | 1665 kWh | £1,194 | £166 | £1,360 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,751 |
| 7 kW | 7192 kWh | 5250 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,393 | £194 | £1,587 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,251 |
| 8 kW | 8220 kWh | 6000 kWh | 2219 kWh | £1,592 | £222 | £1,814 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,751 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,151, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1541 kWh | 514 kWh | £409 | £51 | £460 | £11,069 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,864 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2312 kWh | 771 kWh | £613 | £77 | £690 | £13,104 | 19.0 yrs | £704 |
| 4 kW | 4110 kWh | 3082 kWh | 1027 kWh | £818 | £103 | £921 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,272 |
| 5 kW | 5137 kWh | 3853 kWh | 1284 kWh | £1,022 | £128 | £1,151 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,840 |
| 6 kW | 6165 kWh | 4624 kWh | 1541 kWh | £1,227 | £154 | £1,381 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,409 |
| 7 kW | 7192 kWh | 5394 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,431 | £180 | £1,611 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £10,977 |
| 8 kW | 8220 kWh | 6165 kWh | 2055 kWh | £1,636 | £205 | £1,841 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,545 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,168, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2055 kWh | 1582 kWh | 473 kWh | £420 | £47 | £467 | £13,519 | 28.9 yrs | £-4,178 |
| 3 kW | 3082 kWh | 2373 kWh | 709 kWh | £630 | £71 | £701 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,542 |
| 4 kW | 4110 kWh | 3165 kWh | 945 kWh | £840 | £95 | £934 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,094 |
| 5 kW | 5137 kWh | 3956 kWh | 1182 kWh | £1,049 | £118 | £1,168 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,730 |
| 6 kW | 6165 kWh | 4747 kWh | 1418 kWh | £1,259 | £142 | £1,401 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,366 |
| 7 kW | 7192 kWh | 5538 kWh | 1654 kWh | £1,469 | £165 | £1,635 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £9,002 |
| 8 kW | 8220 kWh | 6329 kWh | 1891 kWh | £1,679 | £189 | £1,868 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,638 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.