A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1014 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £842, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2027 kWh | 811 kWh | 1216 kWh | £215 | £122 | £337 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,667 |
| 3 kW | 3041 kWh | 1216 kWh | 1825 kWh | £323 | £182 | £505 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £4,001 |
| 4 kW | 4055 kWh | 1622 kWh | 2433 kWh | £430 | £243 | £674 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,334 |
| 5 kW | 5069 kWh | 2027 kWh | 3041 kWh | £538 | £304 | £842 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,668 |
| 6 kW | 6082 kWh | 2433 kWh | 3649 kWh | £645 | £365 | £1,010 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £8,001 |
| 7 kW | 7096 kWh | 2838 kWh | 4258 kWh | £753 | £426 | £1,179 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,335 |
| 8 kW | 8110 kWh | 3244 kWh | 4866 kWh | £861 | £487 | £1,347 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,668 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,010, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2027 kWh | 1216 kWh | 811 kWh | £323 | £81 | £404 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,908 |
| 3 kW | 3041 kWh | 1825 kWh | 1216 kWh | £484 | £122 | £606 | £8,204 | 13.5 yrs | £3,911 |
| 4 kW | 4055 kWh | 2433 kWh | 1622 kWh | £645 | £162 | £808 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,915 |
| 5 kW | 5069 kWh | 3041 kWh | 2027 kWh | £807 | £203 | £1,010 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,919 |
| 6 kW | 6082 kWh | 3649 kWh | 2433 kWh | £968 | £243 | £1,212 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,923 |
| 7 kW | 7096 kWh | 4258 kWh | 2838 kWh | £1,130 | £284 | £1,413 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,927 |
| 8 kW | 8110 kWh | 4866 kWh | 3244 kWh | £1,291 | £324 | £1,615 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,931 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2027 kWh | 1419 kWh | 608 kWh | £377 | £61 | £437 | £7,569 | 17.3 yrs | £1,178 |
| 3 kW | 3041 kWh | 2129 kWh | 912 kWh | £565 | £91 | £656 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,517 |
| 4 kW | 4055 kWh | 2838 kWh | 1216 kWh | £753 | £122 | £875 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,856 |
| 5 kW | 5069 kWh | 3548 kWh | 1521 kWh | £941 | £152 | £1,093 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,195 |
| 6 kW | 6082 kWh | 4258 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,130 | £182 | £1,312 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,534 |
| 7 kW | 7096 kWh | 4967 kWh | 2129 kWh | £1,318 | £213 | £1,531 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,873 |
| 8 kW | 8110 kWh | 5677 kWh | 2433 kWh | £1,506 | £243 | £1,749 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,212 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,119, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2027 kWh | 1480 kWh | 547 kWh | £393 | £55 | £447 | £9,319 | 20.8 yrs | £-371 |
| 3 kW | 3041 kWh | 2220 kWh | 821 kWh | £589 | £82 | £671 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,069 |
| 4 kW | 4055 kWh | 2960 kWh | 1095 kWh | £785 | £109 | £895 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,508 |
| 5 kW | 5069 kWh | 3700 kWh | 1369 kWh | £982 | £137 | £1,119 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,948 |
| 6 kW | 6082 kWh | 4440 kWh | 1642 kWh | £1,178 | £164 | £1,342 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,387 |
| 7 kW | 7096 kWh | 5180 kWh | 1916 kWh | £1,374 | £192 | £1,566 | £19,492 | 12.4 yrs | £11,827 |
| 8 kW | 8110 kWh | 5920 kWh | 2190 kWh | £1,571 | £219 | £1,790 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,266 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,135, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2027 kWh | 1521 kWh | 507 kWh | £403 | £51 | £454 | £11,069 | 24.4 yrs | £-1,987 |
| 3 kW | 3041 kWh | 2281 kWh | 760 kWh | £605 | £76 | £681 | £13,104 | 19.2 yrs | £520 |
| 4 kW | 4055 kWh | 3041 kWh | 1014 kWh | £807 | £101 | £908 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £3,026 |
| 5 kW | 5069 kWh | 3802 kWh | 1267 kWh | £1,009 | £127 | £1,135 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,533 |
| 6 kW | 6082 kWh | 4562 kWh | 1521 kWh | £1,210 | £152 | £1,362 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £8,039 |
| 7 kW | 7096 kWh | 5322 kWh | 1774 kWh | £1,412 | £177 | £1,589 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,546 |
| 8 kW | 8110 kWh | 6082 kWh | 2027 kWh | £1,614 | £203 | £1,816 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,052 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,152, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2027 kWh | 1561 kWh | 466 kWh | £414 | £47 | £461 | £13,519 | 29.3 yrs | £-4,303 |
| 3 kW | 3041 kWh | 2342 kWh | 699 kWh | £621 | £70 | £691 | £15,554 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,729 |
| 4 kW | 4055 kWh | 3122 kWh | 933 kWh | £828 | £93 | £922 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £844 |
| 5 kW | 5069 kWh | 3903 kWh | 1166 kWh | £1,035 | £117 | £1,152 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,418 |
| 6 kW | 6082 kWh | 4683 kWh | 1399 kWh | £1,243 | £140 | £1,382 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,991 |
| 7 kW | 7096 kWh | 5464 kWh | 1632 kWh | £1,450 | £163 | £1,613 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,565 |
| 8 kW | 8110 kWh | 6245 kWh | 1865 kWh | £1,657 | £187 | £1,843 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £11,139 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.