A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1024 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £859, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2048 kWh | 819 kWh | 1229 kWh | £221 | £123 | £343 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,800 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 1229 kWh | 1844 kWh | £331 | £184 | £515 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,200 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 1639 kWh | 2458 kWh | £441 | £246 | £687 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,601 |
| 5 kW | 5121 kWh | 2048 kWh | 3073 kWh | £551 | £307 | £859 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,001 |
| 6 kW | 6145 kWh | 2458 kWh | 3687 kWh | £662 | £369 | £1,030 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,401 |
| 7 kW | 7169 kWh | 2868 kWh | 4302 kWh | £772 | £430 | £1,202 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,801 |
| 8 kW | 8193 kWh | 3277 kWh | 4916 kWh | £882 | £492 | £1,374 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,201 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,032, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2048 kWh | 1229 kWh | 819 kWh | £331 | £82 | £413 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,087 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 1844 kWh | 1229 kWh | £496 | £123 | £619 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,180 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 2458 kWh | 1639 kWh | £662 | £164 | £826 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,273 |
| 5 kW | 5121 kWh | 3073 kWh | 2048 kWh | £827 | £205 | £1,032 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,367 |
| 6 kW | 6145 kWh | 3687 kWh | 2458 kWh | £993 | £246 | £1,238 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,460 |
| 7 kW | 7169 kWh | 4302 kWh | 2868 kWh | £1,158 | £287 | £1,445 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,553 |
| 8 kW | 8193 kWh | 4916 kWh | 3277 kWh | £1,323 | £328 | £1,651 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,646 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,119, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2048 kWh | 1434 kWh | 615 kWh | £386 | £61 | £447 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,380 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2151 kWh | 922 kWh | £579 | £92 | £671 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,820 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 2868 kWh | 1229 kWh | £772 | £123 | £895 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,260 |
| 5 kW | 5121 kWh | 3585 kWh | 1536 kWh | £965 | £154 | £1,119 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,699 |
| 6 kW | 6145 kWh | 4302 kWh | 1844 kWh | £1,158 | £184 | £1,342 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,139 |
| 7 kW | 7169 kWh | 5018 kWh | 2151 kWh | £1,351 | £215 | £1,566 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,579 |
| 8 kW | 8193 kWh | 5735 kWh | 2458 kWh | £1,544 | £246 | £1,790 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,019 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,145, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2048 kWh | 1495 kWh | 553 kWh | £403 | £55 | £458 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-162 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2243 kWh | 830 kWh | £604 | £83 | £687 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,382 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 2991 kWh | 1106 kWh | £805 | £111 | £916 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,925 |
| 5 kW | 5121 kWh | 3738 kWh | 1383 kWh | £1,006 | £138 | £1,145 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,469 |
| 6 kW | 6145 kWh | 4486 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,208 | £166 | £1,374 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,013 |
| 7 kW | 7169 kWh | 5234 kWh | 1936 kWh | £1,409 | £194 | £1,602 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,557 |
| 8 kW | 8193 kWh | 5981 kWh | 2212 kWh | £1,610 | £221 | £1,831 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £15,101 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,162, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2048 kWh | 1536 kWh | 512 kWh | £414 | £51 | £465 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,774 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2304 kWh | 768 kWh | £620 | £77 | £697 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £840 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 3073 kWh | 1024 kWh | £827 | £102 | £930 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,453 |
| 5 kW | 5121 kWh | 3841 kWh | 1280 kWh | £1,034 | £128 | £1,162 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,066 |
| 6 kW | 6145 kWh | 4609 kWh | 1536 kWh | £1,241 | £154 | £1,394 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,679 |
| 7 kW | 7169 kWh | 5377 kWh | 1792 kWh | £1,447 | £179 | £1,627 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,292 |
| 8 kW | 8193 kWh | 6145 kWh | 2048 kWh | £1,654 | £205 | £1,859 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,905 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,179, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2048 kWh | 1577 kWh | 471 kWh | £425 | £47 | £472 | £13,519 | 28.7 yrs | £-4,085 |
| 3 kW | 3073 kWh | 2366 kWh | 707 kWh | £637 | £71 | £708 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,403 |
| 4 kW | 4097 kWh | 3154 kWh | 942 kWh | £849 | £94 | £943 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,280 |
| 5 kW | 5121 kWh | 3943 kWh | 1178 kWh | £1,061 | £118 | £1,179 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £3,962 |
| 6 kW | 6145 kWh | 4732 kWh | 1413 kWh | £1,274 | £141 | £1,415 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,645 |
| 7 kW | 7169 kWh | 5520 kWh | 1649 kWh | £1,486 | £165 | £1,651 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,327 |
| 8 kW | 8193 kWh | 6309 kWh | 1884 kWh | £1,698 | £188 | £1,887 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,010 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.