A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 862 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £726, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1723 kWh | 689 kWh | 1034 kWh | £187 | £103 | £290 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,737 |
| 3 kW | 2585 kWh | 1034 kWh | 1551 kWh | £280 | £155 | £435 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,605 |
| 4 kW | 3447 kWh | 1379 kWh | 2068 kWh | £374 | £207 | £581 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,473 |
| 5 kW | 4308 kWh | 1723 kWh | 2585 kWh | £467 | £258 | £726 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,341 |
| 6 kW | 5170 kWh | 2068 kWh | 3102 kWh | £561 | £310 | £871 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,210 |
| 7 kW | 6032 kWh | 2413 kWh | 3619 kWh | £654 | £362 | £1,016 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,078 |
| 8 kW | 6893 kWh | 2757 kWh | 4136 kWh | £748 | £414 | £1,161 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £6,946 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £873, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1723 kWh | 1034 kWh | 689 kWh | £280 | £69 | £349 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £816 |
| 3 kW | 2585 kWh | 1551 kWh | 1034 kWh | £420 | £103 | £524 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,274 |
| 4 kW | 3447 kWh | 2068 kWh | 1379 kWh | £561 | £138 | £698 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,732 |
| 5 kW | 4308 kWh | 2585 kWh | 1723 kWh | £701 | £172 | £873 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,190 |
| 6 kW | 5170 kWh | 3102 kWh | 2068 kWh | £841 | £207 | £1,048 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,648 |
| 7 kW | 6032 kWh | 3619 kWh | 2413 kWh | £981 | £241 | £1,222 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,106 |
| 8 kW | 6893 kWh | 4136 kWh | 2757 kWh | £1,121 | £276 | £1,397 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,564 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £947, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1723 kWh | 1206 kWh | 517 kWh | £327 | £52 | £379 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £6 |
| 3 kW | 2585 kWh | 1809 kWh | 775 kWh | £491 | £78 | £568 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,758 |
| 4 kW | 3447 kWh | 2413 kWh | 1034 kWh | £654 | £103 | £757 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,511 |
| 5 kW | 4308 kWh | 3016 kWh | 1292 kWh | £818 | £129 | £947 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,264 |
| 6 kW | 5170 kWh | 3619 kWh | 1551 kWh | £981 | £155 | £1,136 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,017 |
| 7 kW | 6032 kWh | 4222 kWh | 1809 kWh | £1,145 | £181 | £1,326 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,770 |
| 8 kW | 6893 kWh | 4825 kWh | 2068 kWh | £1,308 | £207 | £1,515 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,523 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £969, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1723 kWh | 1258 kWh | 465 kWh | £341 | £47 | £388 | £9,319 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,567 |
| 3 kW | 2585 kWh | 1887 kWh | 698 kWh | £512 | £70 | £581 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £274 |
| 4 kW | 3447 kWh | 2516 kWh | 931 kWh | £682 | £93 | £775 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,115 |
| 5 kW | 4308 kWh | 3145 kWh | 1163 kWh | £853 | £116 | £969 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,956 |
| 6 kW | 5170 kWh | 3774 kWh | 1396 kWh | £1,023 | £140 | £1,163 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,798 |
| 7 kW | 6032 kWh | 4403 kWh | 1629 kWh | £1,194 | £163 | £1,357 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,639 |
| 8 kW | 6893 kWh | 5032 kWh | 1861 kWh | £1,364 | £186 | £1,550 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,480 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £984, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1723 kWh | 1292 kWh | 431 kWh | £350 | £43 | £393 | £11,069 | 28.1 yrs | £-3,199 |
| 3 kW | 2585 kWh | 1939 kWh | 646 kWh | £526 | £65 | £590 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,299 |
| 4 kW | 3447 kWh | 2585 kWh | 862 kWh | £701 | £86 | £787 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £601 |
| 5 kW | 4308 kWh | 3231 kWh | 1077 kWh | £876 | £108 | £984 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,501 |
| 6 kW | 5170 kWh | 3877 kWh | 1292 kWh | £1,051 | £129 | £1,180 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,402 |
| 7 kW | 6032 kWh | 4524 kWh | 1508 kWh | £1,226 | £151 | £1,377 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,302 |
| 8 kW | 6893 kWh | 5170 kWh | 1723 kWh | £1,402 | £172 | £1,574 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,202 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £998, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1723 kWh | 1327 kWh | 396 kWh | £360 | £40 | £399 | £13,519 | 33.9 yrs | £-5,532 |
| 3 kW | 2585 kWh | 1990 kWh | 595 kWh | £540 | £59 | £599 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,572 |
| 4 kW | 3447 kWh | 2654 kWh | 793 kWh | £719 | £79 | £799 | £17,588 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,613 |
| 5 kW | 4308 kWh | 3317 kWh | 991 kWh | £899 | £99 | £998 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £346 |
| 6 kW | 5170 kWh | 3981 kWh | 1189 kWh | £1,079 | £119 | £1,198 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,305 |
| 7 kW | 6032 kWh | 4644 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,259 | £139 | £1,398 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,265 |
| 8 kW | 6893 kWh | 5308 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,439 | £159 | £1,597 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,224 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.