A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 860 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £724, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1719 kWh | 688 kWh | 1032 kWh | £186 | £103 | £290 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,723 |
| 3 kW | 2579 kWh | 1032 kWh | 1547 kWh | £280 | £155 | £434 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,585 |
| 4 kW | 3439 kWh | 1376 kWh | 2063 kWh | £373 | £206 | £579 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,447 |
| 5 kW | 4298 kWh | 1719 kWh | 2579 kWh | £466 | £258 | £724 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,308 |
| 6 kW | 5158 kWh | 2063 kWh | 3095 kWh | £559 | £309 | £869 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,170 |
| 7 kW | 6018 kWh | 2407 kWh | 3611 kWh | £653 | £361 | £1,014 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,032 |
| 8 kW | 6878 kWh | 2751 kWh | 4127 kWh | £746 | £413 | £1,158 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £6,893 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £871, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1719 kWh | 1032 kWh | 688 kWh | £280 | £69 | £348 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £800 |
| 3 kW | 2579 kWh | 1547 kWh | 1032 kWh | £420 | £103 | £523 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,250 |
| 4 kW | 3439 kWh | 2063 kWh | 1376 kWh | £559 | £138 | £697 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,700 |
| 5 kW | 4298 kWh | 2579 kWh | 1719 kWh | £699 | £172 | £871 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,150 |
| 6 kW | 5158 kWh | 3095 kWh | 2063 kWh | £839 | £206 | £1,045 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,600 |
| 7 kW | 6018 kWh | 3611 kWh | 2407 kWh | £979 | £241 | £1,220 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,050 |
| 8 kW | 6878 kWh | 4127 kWh | 2751 kWh | £1,119 | £275 | £1,394 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,500 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £945, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1719 kWh | 1204 kWh | 516 kWh | £326 | £52 | £378 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £-12 |
| 3 kW | 2579 kWh | 1805 kWh | 774 kWh | £489 | £77 | £567 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,733 |
| 4 kW | 3439 kWh | 2407 kWh | 1032 kWh | £653 | £103 | £756 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,477 |
| 5 kW | 4298 kWh | 3009 kWh | 1290 kWh | £816 | £129 | £945 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,221 |
| 6 kW | 5158 kWh | 3611 kWh | 1547 kWh | £979 | £155 | £1,134 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,965 |
| 7 kW | 6018 kWh | 4213 kWh | 1805 kWh | £1,142 | £181 | £1,323 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,710 |
| 8 kW | 6878 kWh | 4814 kWh | 2063 kWh | £1,305 | £206 | £1,511 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,454 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £967, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1719 kWh | 1255 kWh | 464 kWh | £340 | £46 | £387 | £9,319 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,585 |
| 3 kW | 2579 kWh | 1883 kWh | 696 kWh | £510 | £70 | £580 | £11,354 | 19.6 yrs | £247 |
| 4 kW | 3439 kWh | 2510 kWh | 928 kWh | £681 | £93 | £773 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,080 |
| 5 kW | 4298 kWh | 3138 kWh | 1161 kWh | £851 | £116 | £967 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,912 |
| 6 kW | 5158 kWh | 3765 kWh | 1393 kWh | £1,021 | £139 | £1,160 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,745 |
| 7 kW | 6018 kWh | 4393 kWh | 1625 kWh | £1,191 | £162 | £1,353 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,577 |
| 8 kW | 6878 kWh | 5021 kWh | 1857 kWh | £1,361 | £186 | £1,547 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,410 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £981, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1719 kWh | 1290 kWh | 430 kWh | £350 | £43 | £393 | £11,069 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,217 |
| 3 kW | 2579 kWh | 1934 kWh | 645 kWh | £524 | £64 | £589 | £13,104 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,326 |
| 4 kW | 3439 kWh | 2579 kWh | 860 kWh | £699 | £86 | £785 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £565 |
| 5 kW | 4298 kWh | 3224 kWh | 1075 kWh | £874 | £107 | £981 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,457 |
| 6 kW | 5158 kWh | 3869 kWh | 1290 kWh | £1,049 | £129 | £1,178 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,348 |
| 7 kW | 6018 kWh | 4513 kWh | 1504 kWh | £1,224 | £150 | £1,374 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,239 |
| 8 kW | 6878 kWh | 5158 kWh | 1719 kWh | £1,398 | £172 | £1,570 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,130 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £996, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1719 kWh | 1324 kWh | 395 kWh | £359 | £40 | £398 | £13,519 | 33.9 yrs | £-5,550 |
| 3 kW | 2579 kWh | 1986 kWh | 593 kWh | £538 | £59 | £598 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,600 |
| 4 kW | 3439 kWh | 2648 kWh | 791 kWh | £718 | £79 | £797 | £17,588 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,649 |
| 5 kW | 4298 kWh | 3310 kWh | 989 kWh | £897 | £99 | £996 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £301 |
| 6 kW | 5158 kWh | 3972 kWh | 1186 kWh | £1,077 | £119 | £1,195 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,251 |
| 7 kW | 6018 kWh | 4634 kWh | 1384 kWh | £1,256 | £138 | £1,395 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,201 |
| 8 kW | 6878 kWh | 5296 kWh | 1582 kWh | £1,436 | £158 | £1,594 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,151 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.