A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 894 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £753, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1788 kWh | 715 kWh | 1073 kWh | £194 | £107 | £301 | £4,069 | 13.5 yrs | £1,953 |
| 3 kW | 2682 kWh | 1073 kWh | 1609 kWh | £291 | £161 | £452 | £6,104 | 13.5 yrs | £2,930 |
| 4 kW | 3575 kWh | 1430 kWh | 2145 kWh | £388 | £215 | £602 | £8,138 | 13.5 yrs | £3,907 |
| 5 kW | 4469 kWh | 1788 kWh | 2682 kWh | £485 | £268 | £753 | £10,173 | 13.5 yrs | £4,884 |
| 6 kW | 5363 kWh | 2145 kWh | 3218 kWh | £582 | £322 | £903 | £12,207 | 13.5 yrs | £5,860 |
| 7 kW | 6257 kWh | 2503 kWh | 3754 kWh | £679 | £375 | £1,054 | £14,242 | 13.5 yrs | £6,837 |
| 8 kW | 7151 kWh | 2860 kWh | 4291 kWh | £775 | £429 | £1,204 | £16,276 | 13.5 yrs | £7,814 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £906, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1788 kWh | 1073 kWh | 715 kWh | £291 | £72 | £362 | £6,169 | 17.0 yrs | £1,077 |
| 3 kW | 2682 kWh | 1609 kWh | 1073 kWh | £436 | £107 | £543 | £8,204 | 15.1 yrs | £2,665 |
| 4 kW | 3575 kWh | 2145 kWh | 1430 kWh | £582 | £143 | £725 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,254 |
| 5 kW | 4469 kWh | 2682 kWh | 1788 kWh | £727 | £179 | £906 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,842 |
| 6 kW | 5363 kWh | 3218 kWh | 2145 kWh | £872 | £215 | £1,087 | £14,307 | 13.2 yrs | £7,431 |
| 7 kW | 6257 kWh | 3754 kWh | 2503 kWh | £1,018 | £250 | £1,268 | £16,342 | 12.9 yrs | £9,019 |
| 8 kW | 7151 kWh | 4291 kWh | 2860 kWh | £1,163 | £286 | £1,449 | £18,376 | 12.7 yrs | £10,608 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1788 kWh | 1251 kWh | 536 kWh | £339 | £54 | £393 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £289 |
| 3 kW | 2682 kWh | 1877 kWh | 804 kWh | £509 | £80 | £589 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,183 |
| 4 kW | 3575 kWh | 2503 kWh | 1073 kWh | £679 | £107 | £786 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,077 |
| 5 kW | 4469 kWh | 3129 kWh | 1341 kWh | £848 | £134 | £982 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £5,972 |
| 6 kW | 5363 kWh | 3754 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,018 | £161 | £1,179 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,866 |
| 7 kW | 6257 kWh | 4380 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,187 | £188 | £1,375 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,761 |
| 8 kW | 7151 kWh | 5006 kWh | 2145 kWh | £1,357 | £215 | £1,572 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,655 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,005, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1788 kWh | 1305 kWh | 483 kWh | £354 | £48 | £402 | £9,319 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,278 |
| 3 kW | 2682 kWh | 1958 kWh | 724 kWh | £531 | £72 | £603 | £11,354 | 18.8 yrs | £708 |
| 4 kW | 3575 kWh | 2610 kWh | 965 kWh | £708 | £97 | £804 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,695 |
| 5 kW | 4469 kWh | 3263 kWh | 1207 kWh | £884 | £121 | £1,005 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,681 |
| 6 kW | 5363 kWh | 3915 kWh | 1448 kWh | £1,061 | £145 | £1,206 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,667 |
| 7 kW | 6257 kWh | 4568 kWh | 1689 kWh | £1,238 | £169 | £1,407 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,653 |
| 8 kW | 7151 kWh | 5220 kWh | 1931 kWh | £1,415 | £193 | £1,608 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,639 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,020, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1788 kWh | 1341 kWh | 447 kWh | £363 | £45 | £408 | £11,069 | 27.1 yrs | £-2,905 |
| 3 kW | 2682 kWh | 2011 kWh | 670 kWh | £545 | £67 | £612 | £13,104 | 21.4 yrs | £-858 |
| 4 kW | 3575 kWh | 2682 kWh | 894 kWh | £727 | £89 | £816 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,189 |
| 5 kW | 4469 kWh | 3352 kWh | 1117 kWh | £909 | £112 | £1,020 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,237 |
| 6 kW | 5363 kWh | 4022 kWh | 1341 kWh | £1,090 | £134 | £1,225 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,284 |
| 7 kW | 6257 kWh | 4693 kWh | 1564 kWh | £1,272 | £156 | £1,429 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,331 |
| 8 kW | 7151 kWh | 5363 kWh | 1788 kWh | £1,454 | £179 | £1,633 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,378 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,036, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1788 kWh | 1377 kWh | 411 kWh | £373 | £41 | £414 | £13,519 | 32.6 yrs | £-5,233 |
| 3 kW | 2682 kWh | 2065 kWh | 617 kWh | £560 | £62 | £621 | £15,554 | 25.0 yrs | £-3,125 |
| 4 kW | 3575 kWh | 2753 kWh | 822 kWh | £746 | £82 | £829 | £17,588 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,016 |
| 5 kW | 4469 kWh | 3441 kWh | 1028 kWh | £933 | £103 | £1,036 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,092 |
| 6 kW | 5363 kWh | 4130 kWh | 1234 kWh | £1,120 | £123 | £1,243 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,201 |
| 7 kW | 6257 kWh | 4818 kWh | 1439 kWh | £1,306 | £144 | £1,450 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,309 |
| 8 kW | 7151 kWh | 5506 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,493 | £164 | £1,657 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,418 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.