A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 891 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £751, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1783 kWh | 713 kWh | 1070 kWh | £193 | £107 | £300 | £4,069 | 13.6 yrs | £1,936 |
| 3 kW | 2674 kWh | 1070 kWh | 1604 kWh | £290 | £160 | £450 | £6,104 | 13.6 yrs | £2,904 |
| 4 kW | 3565 kWh | 1426 kWh | 2139 kWh | £387 | £214 | £601 | £8,138 | 13.6 yrs | £3,872 |
| 5 kW | 4456 kWh | 1783 kWh | 2674 kWh | £483 | £267 | £751 | £10,173 | 13.6 yrs | £4,840 |
| 6 kW | 5348 kWh | 2139 kWh | 3209 kWh | £580 | £321 | £901 | £12,207 | 13.6 yrs | £5,808 |
| 7 kW | 6239 kWh | 2496 kWh | 3743 kWh | £677 | £374 | £1,051 | £14,242 | 13.6 yrs | £6,776 |
| 8 kW | 7130 kWh | 2852 kWh | 4278 kWh | £773 | £428 | £1,201 | £16,276 | 13.6 yrs | £7,744 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £903, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1783 kWh | 1070 kWh | 713 kWh | £290 | £71 | £361 | £6,169 | 17.1 yrs | £1,056 |
| 3 kW | 2674 kWh | 1604 kWh | 1070 kWh | £435 | £107 | £542 | £8,204 | 15.1 yrs | £2,634 |
| 4 kW | 3565 kWh | 2139 kWh | 1426 kWh | £580 | £143 | £722 | £10,238 | 14.2 yrs | £4,212 |
| 5 kW | 4456 kWh | 2674 kWh | 1783 kWh | £725 | £178 | £903 | £12,273 | 13.6 yrs | £5,790 |
| 6 kW | 5348 kWh | 3209 kWh | 2139 kWh | £870 | £214 | £1,084 | £14,307 | 13.2 yrs | £7,368 |
| 7 kW | 6239 kWh | 3743 kWh | 2496 kWh | £1,015 | £250 | £1,264 | £16,342 | 12.9 yrs | £8,946 |
| 8 kW | 7130 kWh | 4278 kWh | 2852 kWh | £1,160 | £285 | £1,445 | £18,376 | 12.7 yrs | £10,524 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £979, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1783 kWh | 1248 kWh | 535 kWh | £338 | £53 | £392 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £266 |
| 3 kW | 2674 kWh | 1872 kWh | 802 kWh | £507 | £80 | £588 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,149 |
| 4 kW | 3565 kWh | 2496 kWh | 1070 kWh | £677 | £107 | £783 | £11,638 | 14.9 yrs | £4,032 |
| 5 kW | 4456 kWh | 3119 kWh | 1337 kWh | £846 | £134 | £979 | £13,673 | 14.0 yrs | £5,915 |
| 6 kW | 5348 kWh | 3743 kWh | 1604 kWh | £1,015 | £160 | £1,175 | £15,707 | 13.4 yrs | £7,798 |
| 7 kW | 6239 kWh | 4367 kWh | 1872 kWh | £1,184 | £187 | £1,371 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,681 |
| 8 kW | 7130 kWh | 4991 kWh | 2139 kWh | £1,353 | £214 | £1,567 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,564 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1783 kWh | 1301 kWh | 481 kWh | £353 | £48 | £401 | £9,319 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,301 |
| 3 kW | 2674 kWh | 1952 kWh | 722 kWh | £529 | £72 | £601 | £11,354 | 18.9 yrs | £673 |
| 4 kW | 3565 kWh | 2603 kWh | 963 kWh | £706 | £96 | £802 | £13,388 | 16.7 yrs | £2,648 |
| 5 kW | 4456 kWh | 3253 kWh | 1203 kWh | £882 | £120 | £1,002 | £15,423 | 15.4 yrs | £4,622 |
| 6 kW | 5348 kWh | 3904 kWh | 1444 kWh | £1,058 | £144 | £1,203 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,597 |
| 7 kW | 6239 kWh | 4554 kWh | 1685 kWh | £1,235 | £168 | £1,403 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,571 |
| 8 kW | 7130 kWh | 5205 kWh | 1925 kWh | £1,411 | £193 | £1,604 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,546 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1783 kWh | 1337 kWh | 446 kWh | £362 | £45 | £407 | £11,069 | 27.2 yrs | £-2,929 |
| 3 kW | 2674 kWh | 2005 kWh | 668 kWh | £544 | £67 | £610 | £13,104 | 21.5 yrs | £-894 |
| 4 kW | 3565 kWh | 2674 kWh | 891 kWh | £725 | £89 | £814 | £15,138 | 18.6 yrs | £1,142 |
| 5 kW | 4456 kWh | 3342 kWh | 1114 kWh | £906 | £111 | £1,017 | £17,173 | 16.9 yrs | £3,177 |
| 6 kW | 5348 kWh | 4011 kWh | 1337 kWh | £1,087 | £134 | £1,221 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,213 |
| 7 kW | 6239 kWh | 4679 kWh | 1560 kWh | £1,269 | £156 | £1,424 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,248 |
| 8 kW | 7130 kWh | 5348 kWh | 1783 kWh | £1,450 | £178 | £1,628 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1783 kWh | 1373 kWh | 410 kWh | £372 | £41 | £413 | £13,519 | 32.7 yrs | £-5,257 |
| 3 kW | 2674 kWh | 2059 kWh | 615 kWh | £558 | £61 | £620 | £15,554 | 25.1 yrs | £-3,161 |
| 4 kW | 3565 kWh | 2745 kWh | 820 kWh | £744 | £82 | £826 | £17,588 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,064 |
| 5 kW | 4456 kWh | 3431 kWh | 1025 kWh | £930 | £102 | £1,033 | £19,623 | 19.0 yrs | £1,032 |
| 6 kW | 5348 kWh | 4118 kWh | 1230 kWh | £1,116 | £123 | £1,239 | £21,657 | 17.5 yrs | £3,129 |
| 7 kW | 6239 kWh | 4804 kWh | 1435 kWh | £1,302 | £143 | £1,446 | £23,692 | 16.4 yrs | £5,225 |
| 8 kW | 7130 kWh | 5490 kWh | 1640 kWh | £1,488 | £164 | £1,652 | £25,726 | 15.6 yrs | £7,322 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.