A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1090 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £904, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2180 kWh | 872 kWh | 1308 kWh | £231 | £131 | £362 | £4,069 | 11.2 yrs | £3,166 |
| 3 kW | 3271 kWh | 1308 kWh | 1962 kWh | £346 | £196 | £543 | £6,104 | 11.2 yrs | £4,749 |
| 4 kW | 4361 kWh | 1744 kWh | 2616 kWh | £462 | £262 | £724 | £8,138 | 11.2 yrs | £6,332 |
| 5 kW | 5451 kWh | 2180 kWh | 3271 kWh | £577 | £327 | £904 | £10,173 | 11.2 yrs | £7,916 |
| 6 kW | 6541 kWh | 2616 kWh | 3925 kWh | £693 | £392 | £1,085 | £12,207 | 11.2 yrs | £9,499 |
| 7 kW | 7631 kWh | 3052 kWh | 4579 kWh | £808 | £458 | £1,266 | £14,242 | 11.2 yrs | £11,082 |
| 8 kW | 8721 kWh | 3489 kWh | 5233 kWh | £924 | £523 | £1,447 | £16,276 | 11.2 yrs | £12,665 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2180 kWh | 1308 kWh | 872 kWh | £346 | £87 | £434 | £6,169 | 14.2 yrs | £2,504 |
| 3 kW | 3271 kWh | 1962 kWh | 1308 kWh | £520 | £131 | £650 | £8,204 | 12.6 yrs | £4,805 |
| 4 kW | 4361 kWh | 2616 kWh | 1744 kWh | £693 | £174 | £867 | £10,238 | 11.8 yrs | £7,107 |
| 5 kW | 5451 kWh | 3271 kWh | 2180 kWh | £866 | £218 | £1,084 | £12,273 | 11.3 yrs | £9,409 |
| 6 kW | 6541 kWh | 3925 kWh | 2616 kWh | £1,039 | £262 | £1,301 | £14,307 | 11.0 yrs | £11,711 |
| 7 kW | 7631 kWh | 4579 kWh | 3052 kWh | £1,212 | £305 | £1,518 | £16,342 | 10.8 yrs | £14,012 |
| 8 kW | 8721 kWh | 5233 kWh | 3489 kWh | £1,386 | £349 | £1,735 | £18,376 | 10.6 yrs | £16,314 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,174, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2180 kWh | 1526 kWh | 654 kWh | £404 | £65 | £470 | £7,569 | 16.1 yrs | £1,822 |
| 3 kW | 3271 kWh | 2289 kWh | 981 kWh | £606 | £98 | £704 | £9,604 | 13.6 yrs | £4,483 |
| 4 kW | 4361 kWh | 3052 kWh | 1308 kWh | £808 | £131 | £939 | £11,638 | 12.4 yrs | £7,144 |
| 5 kW | 5451 kWh | 3816 kWh | 1635 kWh | £1,010 | £164 | £1,174 | £13,673 | 11.6 yrs | £9,805 |
| 6 kW | 6541 kWh | 4579 kWh | 1962 kWh | £1,212 | £196 | £1,409 | £15,707 | 11.2 yrs | £12,466 |
| 7 kW | 7631 kWh | 5342 kWh | 2289 kWh | £1,415 | £229 | £1,643 | £17,742 | 10.8 yrs | £15,127 |
| 8 kW | 8721 kWh | 6105 kWh | 2616 kWh | £1,617 | £262 | £1,878 | £19,776 | 10.5 yrs | £17,789 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,201, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2180 kWh | 1592 kWh | 589 kWh | £421 | £59 | £480 | £9,319 | 19.4 yrs | £288 |
| 3 kW | 3271 kWh | 2387 kWh | 883 kWh | £632 | £88 | £721 | £11,354 | 15.8 yrs | £3,057 |
| 4 kW | 4361 kWh | 3183 kWh | 1177 kWh | £843 | £118 | £961 | £13,388 | 13.9 yrs | £5,825 |
| 5 kW | 5451 kWh | 3979 kWh | 1472 kWh | £1,054 | £147 | £1,201 | £15,423 | 12.8 yrs | £8,594 |
| 6 kW | 6541 kWh | 4775 kWh | 1766 kWh | £1,264 | £177 | £1,441 | £17,457 | 12.1 yrs | £11,363 |
| 7 kW | 7631 kWh | 5571 kWh | 2060 kWh | £1,475 | £206 | £1,681 | £19,492 | 11.6 yrs | £14,132 |
| 8 kW | 8721 kWh | 6367 kWh | 2355 kWh | £1,686 | £235 | £1,921 | £21,526 | 11.2 yrs | £16,901 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,219, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2180 kWh | 1635 kWh | 545 kWh | £433 | £55 | £488 | £11,069 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,319 |
| 3 kW | 3271 kWh | 2453 kWh | 818 kWh | £650 | £82 | £731 | £13,104 | 17.9 yrs | £1,522 |
| 4 kW | 4361 kWh | 3271 kWh | 1090 kWh | £866 | £109 | £975 | £15,138 | 15.5 yrs | £4,363 |
| 5 kW | 5451 kWh | 4088 kWh | 1363 kWh | £1,083 | £136 | £1,219 | £17,173 | 14.1 yrs | £7,204 |
| 6 kW | 6541 kWh | 4906 kWh | 1635 kWh | £1,299 | £164 | £1,463 | £19,207 | 13.1 yrs | £10,044 |
| 7 kW | 7631 kWh | 5723 kWh | 1908 kWh | £1,516 | £191 | £1,706 | £21,242 | 12.4 yrs | £12,885 |
| 8 kW | 8721 kWh | 6541 kWh | 2180 kWh | £1,732 | £218 | £1,950 | £23,276 | 11.9 yrs | £15,726 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,237, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2180 kWh | 1679 kWh | 501 kWh | £445 | £50 | £495 | £13,519 | 27.3 yrs | £-3,625 |
| 3 kW | 3271 kWh | 2518 kWh | 752 kWh | £667 | £75 | £742 | £15,554 | 21.0 yrs | £-712 |
| 4 kW | 4361 kWh | 3358 kWh | 1003 kWh | £889 | £100 | £989 | £17,588 | 17.8 yrs | £2,200 |
| 5 kW | 5451 kWh | 4197 kWh | 1254 kWh | £1,111 | £125 | £1,237 | £19,623 | 15.9 yrs | £5,113 |
| 6 kW | 6541 kWh | 5037 kWh | 1504 kWh | £1,334 | £150 | £1,484 | £21,657 | 14.6 yrs | £8,026 |
| 7 kW | 7631 kWh | 5876 kWh | 1755 kWh | £1,556 | £176 | £1,731 | £23,692 | 13.7 yrs | £10,938 |
| 8 kW | 8721 kWh | 6715 kWh | 2006 kWh | £1,778 | £201 | £1,979 | £25,726 | 13.0 yrs | £13,851 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.