A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1138 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 10.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2275 kWh | 910 kWh | 1365 kWh | £241 | £137 | £377 | £4,069 | 10.8 yrs | £3,481 |
| 3 kW | 3413 kWh | 1365 kWh | 2048 kWh | £361 | £205 | £566 | £6,104 | 10.8 yrs | £5,221 |
| 4 kW | 4550 kWh | 1820 kWh | 2730 kWh | £482 | £273 | £755 | £8,138 | 10.8 yrs | £6,961 |
| 5 kW | 5688 kWh | 2275 kWh | 3413 kWh | £602 | £341 | £944 | £10,173 | 10.8 yrs | £8,702 |
| 6 kW | 6825 kWh | 2730 kWh | 4095 kWh | £723 | £410 | £1,132 | £12,207 | 10.8 yrs | £10,442 |
| 7 kW | 7963 kWh | 3185 kWh | 4778 kWh | £843 | £478 | £1,321 | £14,242 | 10.8 yrs | £12,183 |
| 8 kW | 9100 kWh | 3640 kWh | 5460 kWh | £964 | £546 | £1,510 | £16,276 | 10.8 yrs | £13,923 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,131, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 10.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2275 kWh | 1365 kWh | 910 kWh | £361 | £91 | £452 | £6,169 | 13.6 yrs | £2,880 |
| 3 kW | 3413 kWh | 2048 kWh | 1365 kWh | £542 | £137 | £679 | £8,204 | 12.1 yrs | £5,371 |
| 4 kW | 4550 kWh | 2730 kWh | 1820 kWh | £723 | £182 | £905 | £10,238 | 11.3 yrs | £7,861 |
| 5 kW | 5688 kWh | 3413 kWh | 2275 kWh | £904 | £228 | £1,131 | £12,273 | 10.8 yrs | £10,351 |
| 6 kW | 6825 kWh | 4095 kWh | 2730 kWh | £1,084 | £273 | £1,357 | £14,307 | 10.5 yrs | £12,841 |
| 7 kW | 7963 kWh | 4778 kWh | 3185 kWh | £1,265 | £319 | £1,584 | £16,342 | 10.3 yrs | £15,332 |
| 8 kW | 9100 kWh | 5460 kWh | 3640 kWh | £1,446 | £364 | £1,810 | £18,376 | 10.2 yrs | £17,822 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,225, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2275 kWh | 1593 kWh | 683 kWh | £422 | £68 | £490 | £7,569 | 15.4 yrs | £2,230 |
| 3 kW | 3413 kWh | 2389 kWh | 1024 kWh | £633 | £102 | £735 | £9,604 | 13.1 yrs | £5,096 |
| 4 kW | 4550 kWh | 3185 kWh | 1365 kWh | £843 | £137 | £980 | £11,638 | 11.9 yrs | £7,961 |
| 5 kW | 5688 kWh | 3981 kWh | 1706 kWh | £1,054 | £171 | £1,225 | £13,673 | 11.2 yrs | £10,826 |
| 6 kW | 6825 kWh | 4778 kWh | 2048 kWh | £1,265 | £205 | £1,470 | £15,707 | 10.7 yrs | £13,691 |
| 7 kW | 7963 kWh | 5574 kWh | 2389 kWh | £1,476 | £239 | £1,715 | £17,742 | 10.3 yrs | £16,556 |
| 8 kW | 9100 kWh | 6370 kWh | 2730 kWh | £1,687 | £273 | £1,960 | £19,776 | 10.1 yrs | £19,422 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,253, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2275 kWh | 1661 kWh | 614 kWh | £440 | £61 | £501 | £9,319 | 18.6 yrs | £705 |
| 3 kW | 3413 kWh | 2491 kWh | 921 kWh | £660 | £92 | £752 | £11,354 | 15.1 yrs | £3,683 |
| 4 kW | 4550 kWh | 3322 kWh | 1229 kWh | £880 | £123 | £1,002 | £13,388 | 13.4 yrs | £6,661 |
| 5 kW | 5688 kWh | 4152 kWh | 1536 kWh | £1,099 | £154 | £1,253 | £15,423 | 12.3 yrs | £9,638 |
| 6 kW | 6825 kWh | 4983 kWh | 1843 kWh | £1,319 | £184 | £1,504 | £17,457 | 11.6 yrs | £12,616 |
| 7 kW | 7963 kWh | 5813 kWh | 2150 kWh | £1,539 | £215 | £1,754 | £19,492 | 11.1 yrs | £15,594 |
| 8 kW | 9100 kWh | 6643 kWh | 2457 kWh | £1,759 | £246 | £2,005 | £21,526 | 10.7 yrs | £18,571 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,272, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2275 kWh | 1706 kWh | 569 kWh | £452 | £57 | £509 | £11,069 | 21.8 yrs | £-895 |
| 3 kW | 3413 kWh | 2560 kWh | 853 kWh | £678 | £85 | £763 | £13,104 | 17.2 yrs | £2,158 |
| 4 kW | 4550 kWh | 3413 kWh | 1138 kWh | £904 | £114 | £1,017 | £15,138 | 14.9 yrs | £5,211 |
| 5 kW | 5688 kWh | 4266 kWh | 1422 kWh | £1,130 | £142 | £1,272 | £17,173 | 13.5 yrs | £8,263 |
| 6 kW | 6825 kWh | 5119 kWh | 1706 kWh | £1,356 | £171 | £1,526 | £19,207 | 12.6 yrs | £11,316 |
| 7 kW | 7963 kWh | 5972 kWh | 1991 kWh | £1,581 | £199 | £1,781 | £21,242 | 11.9 yrs | £14,369 |
| 8 kW | 9100 kWh | 6825 kWh | 2275 kWh | £1,807 | £228 | £2,035 | £23,276 | 11.4 yrs | £17,421 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,291, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2275 kWh | 1752 kWh | 523 kWh | £464 | £52 | £516 | £13,519 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,195 |
| 3 kW | 3413 kWh | 2628 kWh | 785 kWh | £696 | £78 | £774 | £15,554 | 20.1 yrs | £-67 |
| 4 kW | 4550 kWh | 3504 kWh | 1047 kWh | £928 | £105 | £1,032 | £17,588 | 17.0 yrs | £3,061 |
| 5 kW | 5688 kWh | 4380 kWh | 1308 kWh | £1,160 | £131 | £1,291 | £19,623 | 15.2 yrs | £6,188 |
| 6 kW | 6825 kWh | 5256 kWh | 1570 kWh | £1,392 | £157 | £1,549 | £21,657 | 14.0 yrs | £9,316 |
| 7 kW | 7963 kWh | 6131 kWh | 1831 kWh | £1,624 | £183 | £1,807 | £23,692 | 13.1 yrs | £12,444 |
| 8 kW | 9100 kWh | 7007 kWh | 2093 kWh | £1,856 | £209 | £2,065 | £25,726 | 12.5 yrs | £15,571 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.