A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 974 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £815, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1948 kWh | 779 kWh | 1169 kWh | £209 | £117 | £326 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,449 |
| 3 kW | 2923 kWh | 1169 kWh | 1754 kWh | £314 | £175 | £489 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,674 |
| 4 kW | 3897 kWh | 1559 kWh | 2338 kWh | £418 | £234 | £652 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,899 |
| 5 kW | 4871 kWh | 1948 kWh | 2923 kWh | £523 | £292 | £815 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,124 |
| 6 kW | 5845 kWh | 2338 kWh | 3507 kWh | £627 | £351 | £978 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,348 |
| 7 kW | 6819 kWh | 2728 kWh | 4092 kWh | £732 | £409 | £1,141 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,573 |
| 8 kW | 7793 kWh | 3117 kWh | 4676 kWh | £836 | £468 | £1,304 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,798 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £979, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1948 kWh | 1169 kWh | 779 kWh | £314 | £78 | £391 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,660 |
| 3 kW | 2923 kWh | 1754 kWh | 1169 kWh | £470 | £117 | £587 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,540 |
| 4 kW | 3897 kWh | 2338 kWh | 1559 kWh | £627 | £156 | £783 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,421 |
| 5 kW | 4871 kWh | 2923 kWh | 1948 kWh | £784 | £195 | £979 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,301 |
| 6 kW | 5845 kWh | 3507 kWh | 2338 kWh | £941 | £234 | £1,174 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,181 |
| 7 kW | 6819 kWh | 4092 kWh | 2728 kWh | £1,097 | £273 | £1,370 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,061 |
| 8 kW | 7793 kWh | 4676 kWh | 3117 kWh | £1,254 | £312 | £1,566 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £12,941 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,061, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1948 kWh | 1364 kWh | 585 kWh | £366 | £58 | £424 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £916 |
| 3 kW | 2923 kWh | 2046 kWh | 877 kWh | £549 | £88 | £636 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,124 |
| 4 kW | 3897 kWh | 2728 kWh | 1169 kWh | £732 | £117 | £848 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,331 |
| 5 kW | 4871 kWh | 3410 kWh | 1461 kWh | £914 | £146 | £1,061 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,539 |
| 6 kW | 5845 kWh | 4092 kWh | 1754 kWh | £1,097 | £175 | £1,273 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,747 |
| 7 kW | 6819 kWh | 4773 kWh | 2046 kWh | £1,280 | £205 | £1,485 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £11,955 |
| 8 kW | 7793 kWh | 5455 kWh | 2338 kWh | £1,463 | £234 | £1,697 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £14,163 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1948 kWh | 1422 kWh | 526 kWh | £381 | £53 | £434 | £9,319 | 21.5 yrs | £-638 |
| 3 kW | 2923 kWh | 2133 kWh | 789 kWh | £572 | £79 | £651 | £11,354 | 17.4 yrs | £1,668 |
| 4 kW | 3897 kWh | 2845 kWh | 1052 kWh | £763 | £105 | £868 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £3,975 |
| 5 kW | 4871 kWh | 3556 kWh | 1315 kWh | £954 | £132 | £1,085 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,281 |
| 6 kW | 5845 kWh | 4267 kWh | 1578 kWh | £1,144 | £158 | £1,302 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,587 |
| 7 kW | 6819 kWh | 4978 kWh | 1841 kWh | £1,335 | £184 | £1,519 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,893 |
| 8 kW | 7793 kWh | 5689 kWh | 2104 kWh | £1,526 | £210 | £1,736 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,199 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,102, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1948 kWh | 1461 kWh | 487 kWh | £392 | £49 | £441 | £11,069 | 25.1 yrs | £-2,257 |
| 3 kW | 2923 kWh | 2192 kWh | 731 kWh | £588 | £73 | £661 | £13,104 | 19.8 yrs | £115 |
| 4 kW | 3897 kWh | 2923 kWh | 974 kWh | £784 | £97 | £881 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,487 |
| 5 kW | 4871 kWh | 3653 kWh | 1218 kWh | £980 | £122 | £1,102 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,859 |
| 6 kW | 5845 kWh | 4384 kWh | 1461 kWh | £1,176 | £146 | £1,322 | £19,207 | 14.5 yrs | £7,230 |
| 7 kW | 6819 kWh | 5114 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,372 | £170 | £1,542 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,602 |
| 8 kW | 7793 kWh | 5845 kWh | 1948 kWh | £1,568 | £195 | £1,762 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £11,974 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,118, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1948 kWh | 1500 kWh | 448 kWh | £402 | £45 | £447 | £13,519 | 30.2 yrs | £-4,576 |
| 3 kW | 2923 kWh | 2250 kWh | 672 kWh | £604 | £67 | £671 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,138 |
| 4 kW | 3897 kWh | 3000 kWh | 896 kWh | £805 | £90 | £894 | £17,588 | 19.7 yrs | £299 |
| 5 kW | 4871 kWh | 3751 kWh | 1120 kWh | £1,006 | £112 | £1,118 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,736 |
| 6 kW | 5845 kWh | 4501 kWh | 1344 kWh | £1,207 | £134 | £1,342 | £21,657 | 16.1 yrs | £5,173 |
| 7 kW | 6819 kWh | 5251 kWh | 1568 kWh | £1,408 | £157 | £1,565 | £23,692 | 15.1 yrs | £7,611 |
| 8 kW | 7793 kWh | 6001 kWh | 1792 kWh | £1,609 | £179 | £1,789 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £10,048 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.