A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 982 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £821, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 785 kWh | 1178 kWh | £211 | £118 | £328 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,500 |
| 3 kW | 2945 kWh | 1178 kWh | 1767 kWh | £316 | £177 | £493 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,750 |
| 4 kW | 3927 kWh | 1571 kWh | 2356 kWh | £421 | £236 | £657 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £5,001 |
| 5 kW | 4909 kWh | 1964 kWh | 2945 kWh | £527 | £295 | £821 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,251 |
| 6 kW | 5891 kWh | 2356 kWh | 3534 kWh | £632 | £353 | £985 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,501 |
| 7 kW | 6873 kWh | 2749 kWh | 4124 kWh | £737 | £412 | £1,150 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,751 |
| 8 kW | 7854 kWh | 3142 kWh | 4713 kWh | £843 | £471 | £1,314 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £10,001 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £986, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1178 kWh | 785 kWh | £316 | £79 | £395 | £6,169 | 15.6 yrs | £1,721 |
| 3 kW | 2945 kWh | 1767 kWh | 1178 kWh | £474 | £118 | £592 | £8,204 | 13.9 yrs | £3,632 |
| 4 kW | 3927 kWh | 2356 kWh | 1571 kWh | £632 | £157 | £789 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,543 |
| 5 kW | 4909 kWh | 2945 kWh | 1964 kWh | £790 | £196 | £986 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,454 |
| 6 kW | 5891 kWh | 3534 kWh | 2356 kWh | £948 | £236 | £1,184 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,364 |
| 7 kW | 6873 kWh | 4124 kWh | 2749 kWh | £1,106 | £275 | £1,381 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,275 |
| 8 kW | 7854 kWh | 4713 kWh | 3142 kWh | £1,264 | £314 | £1,578 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,186 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1375 kWh | 589 kWh | £369 | £59 | £428 | £7,569 | 17.7 yrs | £982 |
| 3 kW | 2945 kWh | 2062 kWh | 884 kWh | £553 | £88 | £641 | £9,604 | 15.0 yrs | £3,223 |
| 4 kW | 3927 kWh | 2749 kWh | 1178 kWh | £737 | £118 | £855 | £11,638 | 13.6 yrs | £5,464 |
| 5 kW | 4909 kWh | 3436 kWh | 1473 kWh | £922 | £147 | £1,069 | £13,673 | 12.8 yrs | £7,705 |
| 6 kW | 5891 kWh | 4124 kWh | 1767 kWh | £1,106 | £177 | £1,283 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £9,946 |
| 7 kW | 6873 kWh | 4811 kWh | 2062 kWh | £1,290 | £206 | £1,496 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £12,187 |
| 8 kW | 7854 kWh | 5498 kWh | 2356 kWh | £1,475 | £236 | £1,710 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,428 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,094, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1433 kWh | 530 kWh | £384 | £53 | £437 | £9,319 | 21.3 yrs | £-570 |
| 3 kW | 2945 kWh | 2150 kWh | 795 kWh | £577 | £80 | £656 | £11,354 | 17.3 yrs | £1,770 |
| 4 kW | 3927 kWh | 2867 kWh | 1060 kWh | £769 | £106 | £875 | £13,388 | 15.3 yrs | £4,110 |
| 5 kW | 4909 kWh | 3584 kWh | 1325 kWh | £961 | £133 | £1,094 | £15,423 | 14.1 yrs | £6,450 |
| 6 kW | 5891 kWh | 4300 kWh | 1590 kWh | £1,153 | £159 | £1,312 | £17,457 | 13.3 yrs | £8,790 |
| 7 kW | 6873 kWh | 5017 kWh | 1856 kWh | £1,346 | £186 | £1,531 | £19,492 | 12.7 yrs | £11,130 |
| 8 kW | 7854 kWh | 5734 kWh | 2121 kWh | £1,538 | £212 | £1,750 | £21,526 | 12.3 yrs | £13,471 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1473 kWh | 491 kWh | £395 | £49 | £444 | £11,069 | 24.9 yrs | £-2,188 |
| 3 kW | 2945 kWh | 2209 kWh | 736 kWh | £592 | £74 | £666 | £13,104 | 19.7 yrs | £218 |
| 4 kW | 3927 kWh | 2945 kWh | 982 kWh | £790 | £98 | £888 | £15,138 | 17.0 yrs | £2,625 |
| 5 kW | 4909 kWh | 3682 kWh | 1227 kWh | £987 | £123 | £1,110 | £17,173 | 15.5 yrs | £5,031 |
| 6 kW | 5891 kWh | 4418 kWh | 1473 kWh | £1,185 | £147 | £1,332 | £19,207 | 14.4 yrs | £7,437 |
| 7 kW | 6873 kWh | 5154 kWh | 1718 kWh | £1,382 | £172 | £1,554 | £21,242 | 13.7 yrs | £9,843 |
| 8 kW | 7854 kWh | 5891 kWh | 1964 kWh | £1,580 | £196 | £1,776 | £23,276 | 13.1 yrs | £12,249 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,127, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1964 kWh | 1512 kWh | 452 kWh | £406 | £45 | £451 | £13,519 | 30.0 yrs | £-4,506 |
| 3 kW | 2945 kWh | 2268 kWh | 677 kWh | £608 | £68 | £676 | £15,554 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,033 |
| 4 kW | 3927 kWh | 3024 kWh | 903 kWh | £811 | £90 | £901 | £17,588 | 19.5 yrs | £439 |
| 5 kW | 4909 kWh | 3780 kWh | 1129 kWh | £1,014 | £113 | £1,127 | £19,623 | 17.4 yrs | £2,911 |
| 6 kW | 5891 kWh | 4536 kWh | 1355 kWh | £1,217 | £135 | £1,352 | £21,657 | 16.0 yrs | £5,383 |
| 7 kW | 6873 kWh | 5292 kWh | 1581 kWh | £1,419 | £158 | £1,577 | £23,692 | 15.0 yrs | £7,855 |
| 8 kW | 7854 kWh | 6048 kWh | 1806 kWh | £1,622 | £181 | £1,803 | £25,726 | 14.3 yrs | £10,327 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.