A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1049 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £877, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2098 kWh | 839 kWh | 1259 kWh | £225 | £126 | £351 | £4,069 | 11.6 yrs | £2,950 |
| 3 kW | 3147 kWh | 1259 kWh | 1888 kWh | £338 | £189 | £526 | £6,104 | 11.6 yrs | £4,424 |
| 4 kW | 4196 kWh | 1678 kWh | 2517 kWh | £450 | £252 | £702 | £8,138 | 11.6 yrs | £5,899 |
| 5 kW | 5245 kWh | 2098 kWh | 3147 kWh | £563 | £315 | £877 | £10,173 | 11.6 yrs | £7,374 |
| 6 kW | 6294 kWh | 2517 kWh | 3776 kWh | £675 | £378 | £1,053 | £12,207 | 11.6 yrs | £8,849 |
| 7 kW | 7342 kWh | 2937 kWh | 4405 kWh | £788 | £441 | £1,228 | £14,242 | 11.6 yrs | £10,323 |
| 8 kW | 8391 kWh | 3357 kWh | 5035 kWh | £900 | £503 | £1,404 | £16,276 | 11.6 yrs | £11,798 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,054, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2098 kWh | 1259 kWh | 839 kWh | £338 | £84 | £421 | £6,169 | 14.6 yrs | £2,261 |
| 3 kW | 3147 kWh | 1888 kWh | 1259 kWh | £506 | £126 | £632 | £8,204 | 13.0 yrs | £4,441 |
| 4 kW | 4196 kWh | 2517 kWh | 1678 kWh | £675 | £168 | £843 | £10,238 | 12.1 yrs | £6,622 |
| 5 kW | 5245 kWh | 3147 kWh | 2098 kWh | £844 | £210 | £1,054 | £12,273 | 11.6 yrs | £8,802 |
| 6 kW | 6294 kWh | 3776 kWh | 2517 kWh | £1,013 | £252 | £1,264 | £14,307 | 11.3 yrs | £10,983 |
| 7 kW | 7342 kWh | 4405 kWh | 2937 kWh | £1,182 | £294 | £1,475 | £16,342 | 11.1 yrs | £13,163 |
| 8 kW | 8391 kWh | 5035 kWh | 3357 kWh | £1,350 | £336 | £1,686 | £18,376 | 10.9 yrs | £15,344 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,142, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2098 kWh | 1468 kWh | 629 kWh | £394 | £63 | £457 | £7,569 | 16.6 yrs | £1,567 |
| 3 kW | 3147 kWh | 2203 kWh | 944 kWh | £591 | £94 | £685 | £9,604 | 14.0 yrs | £4,100 |
| 4 kW | 4196 kWh | 2937 kWh | 1259 kWh | £788 | £126 | £914 | £11,638 | 12.7 yrs | £6,633 |
| 5 kW | 5245 kWh | 3671 kWh | 1573 kWh | £985 | £157 | £1,142 | £13,673 | 12.0 yrs | £9,167 |
| 6 kW | 6294 kWh | 4405 kWh | 1888 kWh | £1,182 | £189 | £1,370 | £15,707 | 11.5 yrs | £11,700 |
| 7 kW | 7342 kWh | 5140 kWh | 2203 kWh | £1,378 | £220 | £1,599 | £17,742 | 11.1 yrs | £14,233 |
| 8 kW | 8391 kWh | 5874 kWh | 2517 kWh | £1,575 | £252 | £1,827 | £19,776 | 10.8 yrs | £16,767 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,168, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2098 kWh | 1531 kWh | 566 kWh | £411 | £57 | £467 | £9,319 | 19.9 yrs | £28 |
| 3 kW | 3147 kWh | 2297 kWh | 850 kWh | £616 | £85 | £701 | £11,354 | 16.2 yrs | £2,668 |
| 4 kW | 4196 kWh | 3063 kWh | 1133 kWh | £821 | £113 | £935 | £13,388 | 14.3 yrs | £5,307 |
| 5 kW | 5245 kWh | 3829 kWh | 1416 kWh | £1,027 | £142 | £1,168 | £15,423 | 13.2 yrs | £7,946 |
| 6 kW | 6294 kWh | 4594 kWh | 1699 kWh | £1,232 | £170 | £1,402 | £17,457 | 12.5 yrs | £10,585 |
| 7 kW | 7342 kWh | 5360 kWh | 1982 kWh | £1,438 | £198 | £1,636 | £19,492 | 11.9 yrs | £13,224 |
| 8 kW | 8391 kWh | 6126 kWh | 2266 kWh | £1,643 | £227 | £1,869 | £21,526 | 11.5 yrs | £15,863 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,186, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2098 kWh | 1573 kWh | 524 kWh | £422 | £52 | £474 | £11,069 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,580 |
| 3 kW | 3147 kWh | 2360 kWh | 787 kWh | £633 | £79 | £712 | £13,104 | 18.4 yrs | £1,129 |
| 4 kW | 4196 kWh | 3147 kWh | 1049 kWh | £844 | £105 | £949 | £15,138 | 16.0 yrs | £3,839 |
| 5 kW | 5245 kWh | 3933 kWh | 1311 kWh | £1,055 | £131 | £1,186 | £17,173 | 14.5 yrs | £6,549 |
| 6 kW | 6294 kWh | 4720 kWh | 1573 kWh | £1,266 | £157 | £1,423 | £19,207 | 13.5 yrs | £9,259 |
| 7 kW | 7342 kWh | 5507 kWh | 1836 kWh | £1,477 | £184 | £1,660 | £21,242 | 12.8 yrs | £11,968 |
| 8 kW | 8391 kWh | 6294 kWh | 2098 kWh | £1,688 | £210 | £1,898 | £23,276 | 12.3 yrs | £14,678 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,204, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2098 kWh | 1615 kWh | 483 kWh | £433 | £48 | £481 | £13,519 | 28.1 yrs | £-3,889 |
| 3 kW | 3147 kWh | 2423 kWh | 724 kWh | £650 | £72 | £722 | £15,554 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,109 |
| 4 kW | 4196 kWh | 3231 kWh | 965 kWh | £866 | £97 | £963 | £17,588 | 18.3 yrs | £1,671 |
| 5 kW | 5245 kWh | 4038 kWh | 1206 kWh | £1,083 | £121 | £1,204 | £19,623 | 16.3 yrs | £4,452 |
| 6 kW | 6294 kWh | 4846 kWh | 1448 kWh | £1,300 | £145 | £1,444 | £21,657 | 15.0 yrs | £7,232 |
| 7 kW | 7342 kWh | 5654 kWh | 1689 kWh | £1,516 | £169 | £1,685 | £23,692 | 14.1 yrs | £10,012 |
| 8 kW | 8391 kWh | 6461 kWh | 1930 kWh | £1,733 | £193 | £1,926 | £25,726 | 13.4 yrs | £12,793 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.