A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1086 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £908, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2172 kWh | 869 kWh | 1303 kWh | £233 | £130 | £363 | £4,069 | 11.2 yrs | £3,196 |
| 3 kW | 3257 kWh | 1303 kWh | 1954 kWh | £349 | £195 | £545 | £6,104 | 11.2 yrs | £4,794 |
| 4 kW | 4343 kWh | 1737 kWh | 2606 kWh | £466 | £261 | £727 | £8,138 | 11.2 yrs | £6,392 |
| 5 kW | 5429 kWh | 2172 kWh | 3257 kWh | £582 | £326 | £908 | £10,173 | 11.2 yrs | £7,991 |
| 6 kW | 6515 kWh | 2606 kWh | 3909 kWh | £699 | £391 | £1,090 | £12,207 | 11.2 yrs | £9,589 |
| 7 kW | 7601 kWh | 3040 kWh | 4560 kWh | £815 | £456 | £1,271 | £14,242 | 11.2 yrs | £11,187 |
| 8 kW | 8686 kWh | 3475 kWh | 5212 kWh | £932 | £521 | £1,453 | £16,276 | 11.2 yrs | £12,785 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,091, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2172 kWh | 1303 kWh | 869 kWh | £349 | £87 | £436 | £6,169 | 14.1 yrs | £2,557 |
| 3 kW | 3257 kWh | 1954 kWh | 1303 kWh | £524 | £130 | £654 | £8,204 | 12.5 yrs | £4,886 |
| 4 kW | 4343 kWh | 2606 kWh | 1737 kWh | £699 | £174 | £873 | £10,238 | 11.7 yrs | £7,215 |
| 5 kW | 5429 kWh | 3257 kWh | 2172 kWh | £874 | £217 | £1,091 | £12,273 | 11.3 yrs | £9,543 |
| 6 kW | 6515 kWh | 3909 kWh | 2606 kWh | £1,048 | £261 | £1,309 | £14,307 | 10.9 yrs | £11,872 |
| 7 kW | 7601 kWh | 4560 kWh | 3040 kWh | £1,223 | £304 | £1,527 | £16,342 | 10.7 yrs | £14,200 |
| 8 kW | 8686 kWh | 5212 kWh | 3475 kWh | £1,398 | £347 | £1,745 | £18,376 | 10.5 yrs | £16,529 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,182, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2172 kWh | 1520 kWh | 651 kWh | £408 | £65 | £473 | £7,569 | 16.0 yrs | £1,888 |
| 3 kW | 3257 kWh | 2280 kWh | 977 kWh | £612 | £98 | £709 | £9,604 | 13.5 yrs | £4,582 |
| 4 kW | 4343 kWh | 3040 kWh | 1303 kWh | £815 | £130 | £946 | £11,638 | 12.3 yrs | £7,276 |
| 5 kW | 5429 kWh | 3800 kWh | 1629 kWh | £1,019 | £163 | £1,182 | £13,673 | 11.6 yrs | £9,969 |
| 6 kW | 6515 kWh | 4560 kWh | 1954 kWh | £1,223 | £195 | £1,419 | £15,707 | 11.1 yrs | £12,663 |
| 7 kW | 7601 kWh | 5320 kWh | 2280 kWh | £1,427 | £228 | £1,655 | £17,742 | 10.7 yrs | £15,357 |
| 8 kW | 8686 kWh | 6080 kWh | 2606 kWh | £1,631 | £261 | £1,891 | £19,776 | 10.5 yrs | £18,051 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,209, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2172 kWh | 1585 kWh | 586 kWh | £425 | £59 | £484 | £9,319 | 19.3 yrs | £357 |
| 3 kW | 3257 kWh | 2378 kWh | 879 kWh | £638 | £88 | £726 | £11,354 | 15.6 yrs | £3,160 |
| 4 kW | 4343 kWh | 3171 kWh | 1173 kWh | £850 | £117 | £968 | £13,388 | 13.8 yrs | £5,964 |
| 5 kW | 5429 kWh | 3963 kWh | 1466 kWh | £1,063 | £147 | £1,209 | £15,423 | 12.8 yrs | £8,767 |
| 6 kW | 6515 kWh | 4756 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,275 | £176 | £1,451 | £17,457 | 12.0 yrs | £11,571 |
| 7 kW | 7601 kWh | 5548 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,488 | £205 | £1,693 | £19,492 | 11.5 yrs | £14,374 |
| 8 kW | 8686 kWh | 6341 kWh | 2345 kWh | £1,701 | £235 | £1,935 | £21,526 | 11.1 yrs | £17,178 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,228, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2172 kWh | 1629 kWh | 543 kWh | £437 | £54 | £491 | £11,069 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,247 |
| 3 kW | 3257 kWh | 2443 kWh | 814 kWh | £655 | £81 | £737 | £13,104 | 17.8 yrs | £1,630 |
| 4 kW | 4343 kWh | 3257 kWh | 1086 kWh | £874 | £109 | £982 | £15,138 | 15.4 yrs | £4,506 |
| 5 kW | 5429 kWh | 4072 kWh | 1357 kWh | £1,092 | £136 | £1,228 | £17,173 | 14.0 yrs | £7,383 |
| 6 kW | 6515 kWh | 4886 kWh | 1629 kWh | £1,310 | £163 | £1,473 | £19,207 | 13.0 yrs | £10,259 |
| 7 kW | 7601 kWh | 5700 kWh | 1900 kWh | £1,529 | £190 | £1,719 | £21,242 | 12.4 yrs | £13,136 |
| 8 kW | 8686 kWh | 6515 kWh | 2172 kWh | £1,747 | £217 | £1,964 | £23,276 | 11.8 yrs | £16,012 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,246, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2172 kWh | 1672 kWh | 499 kWh | £448 | £50 | £498 | £13,519 | 27.1 yrs | £-3,551 |
| 3 kW | 3257 kWh | 2508 kWh | 749 kWh | £673 | £75 | £748 | £15,554 | 20.8 yrs | £-601 |
| 4 kW | 4343 kWh | 3344 kWh | 999 kWh | £897 | £100 | £997 | £17,588 | 17.6 yrs | £2,348 |
| 5 kW | 5429 kWh | 4180 kWh | 1249 kWh | £1,121 | £125 | £1,246 | £19,623 | 15.7 yrs | £5,298 |
| 6 kW | 6515 kWh | 5016 kWh | 1498 kWh | £1,345 | £150 | £1,495 | £21,657 | 14.5 yrs | £8,247 |
| 7 kW | 7601 kWh | 5852 kWh | 1748 kWh | £1,570 | £175 | £1,744 | £23,692 | 13.6 yrs | £11,197 |
| 8 kW | 8686 kWh | 6688 kWh | 1998 kWh | £1,794 | £200 | £1,994 | £25,726 | 12.9 yrs | £14,147 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.