A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1026 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £858, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 821 kWh | 1231 kWh | £220 | £123 | £343 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,794 |
| 3 kW | 3077 kWh | 1231 kWh | 1846 kWh | £330 | £185 | £515 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,192 |
| 4 kW | 4103 kWh | 1641 kWh | 2462 kWh | £440 | £246 | £686 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,589 |
| 5 kW | 5129 kWh | 2052 kWh | 3077 kWh | £550 | £308 | £858 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,986 |
| 6 kW | 6154 kWh | 2462 kWh | 3693 kWh | £660 | £369 | £1,030 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,383 |
| 7 kW | 7180 kWh | 2872 kWh | 4308 kWh | £770 | £431 | £1,201 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,781 |
| 8 kW | 8206 kWh | 3282 kWh | 4924 kWh | £880 | £492 | £1,373 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,178 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,030, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1231 kWh | 821 kWh | £330 | £82 | £412 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,075 |
| 3 kW | 3077 kWh | 1846 kWh | 1231 kWh | £495 | £123 | £618 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,162 |
| 4 kW | 4103 kWh | 2462 kWh | 1641 kWh | £660 | £164 | £824 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,249 |
| 5 kW | 5129 kWh | 3077 kWh | 2052 kWh | £825 | £205 | £1,030 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,337 |
| 6 kW | 6154 kWh | 3693 kWh | 2462 kWh | £990 | £246 | £1,237 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,424 |
| 7 kW | 7180 kWh | 4308 kWh | 2872 kWh | £1,155 | £287 | £1,443 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,512 |
| 8 kW | 8206 kWh | 4924 kWh | 3282 kWh | £1,321 | £328 | £1,649 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,599 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,117, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1436 kWh | 615 kWh | £385 | £62 | £447 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,365 |
| 3 kW | 3077 kWh | 2154 kWh | 923 kWh | £578 | £92 | £670 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,797 |
| 4 kW | 4103 kWh | 2872 kWh | 1231 kWh | £770 | £123 | £893 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,230 |
| 5 kW | 5129 kWh | 3590 kWh | 1539 kWh | £963 | £154 | £1,117 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,662 |
| 6 kW | 6154 kWh | 4308 kWh | 1846 kWh | £1,155 | £185 | £1,340 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,095 |
| 7 kW | 7180 kWh | 5026 kWh | 2154 kWh | £1,348 | £215 | £1,563 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,527 |
| 8 kW | 8206 kWh | 5744 kWh | 2462 kWh | £1,541 | £246 | £1,787 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,959 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,143, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1498 kWh | 554 kWh | £402 | £55 | £457 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-178 |
| 3 kW | 3077 kWh | 2246 kWh | 831 kWh | £602 | £83 | £686 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,358 |
| 4 kW | 4103 kWh | 2995 kWh | 1108 kWh | £803 | £111 | £914 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,894 |
| 5 kW | 5129 kWh | 3744 kWh | 1385 kWh | £1,004 | £138 | £1,143 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,430 |
| 6 kW | 6154 kWh | 4493 kWh | 1662 kWh | £1,205 | £166 | £1,371 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £9,966 |
| 7 kW | 7180 kWh | 5242 kWh | 1939 kWh | £1,406 | £194 | £1,600 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,502 |
| 8 kW | 8206 kWh | 5990 kWh | 2216 kWh | £1,607 | £222 | £1,828 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £15,038 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,160, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1539 kWh | 513 kWh | £413 | £51 | £464 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,790 |
| 3 kW | 3077 kWh | 2308 kWh | 769 kWh | £619 | £77 | £696 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £815 |
| 4 kW | 4103 kWh | 3077 kWh | 1026 kWh | £825 | £103 | £928 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,420 |
| 5 kW | 5129 kWh | 3847 kWh | 1282 kWh | £1,032 | £128 | £1,160 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,025 |
| 6 kW | 6154 kWh | 4616 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,238 | £154 | £1,392 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,630 |
| 7 kW | 7180 kWh | 5385 kWh | 1795 kWh | £1,444 | £180 | £1,624 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,235 |
| 8 kW | 8206 kWh | 6154 kWh | 2052 kWh | £1,651 | £205 | £1,856 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,840 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,177, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2052 kWh | 1580 kWh | 472 kWh | £424 | £47 | £471 | £13,519 | 28.7 yrs | £-4,102 |
| 3 kW | 3077 kWh | 2369 kWh | 708 kWh | £635 | £71 | £706 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,428 |
| 4 kW | 4103 kWh | 3159 kWh | 944 kWh | £847 | £94 | £942 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,246 |
| 5 kW | 5129 kWh | 3949 kWh | 1180 kWh | £1,059 | £118 | £1,177 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,920 |
| 6 kW | 6154 kWh | 4739 kWh | 1416 kWh | £1,271 | £142 | £1,413 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,594 |
| 7 kW | 7180 kWh | 5529 kWh | 1651 kWh | £1,483 | £165 | £1,648 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,268 |
| 8 kW | 8206 kWh | 6319 kWh | 1887 kWh | £1,695 | £189 | £1,883 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,942 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.