A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1041 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £870, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2081 kWh | 832 kWh | 1249 kWh | £223 | £125 | £348 | £4,069 | 11.7 yrs | £2,893 |
| 3 kW | 3122 kWh | 1249 kWh | 1873 kWh | £335 | £187 | £522 | £6,104 | 11.7 yrs | £4,340 |
| 4 kW | 4162 kWh | 1665 kWh | 2497 kWh | £447 | £250 | £696 | £8,138 | 11.7 yrs | £5,786 |
| 5 kW | 5203 kWh | 2081 kWh | 3122 kWh | £558 | £312 | £870 | £10,173 | 11.7 yrs | £7,233 |
| 6 kW | 6243 kWh | 2497 kWh | 3746 kWh | £670 | £375 | £1,044 | £12,207 | 11.7 yrs | £8,680 |
| 7 kW | 7284 kWh | 2913 kWh | 4370 kWh | £781 | £437 | £1,218 | £14,242 | 11.7 yrs | £10,126 |
| 8 kW | 8324 kWh | 3330 kWh | 4994 kWh | £893 | £499 | £1,392 | £16,276 | 11.7 yrs | £11,573 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,045, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2081 kWh | 1249 kWh | 832 kWh | £335 | £83 | £418 | £6,169 | 14.8 yrs | £2,193 |
| 3 kW | 3122 kWh | 1873 kWh | 1249 kWh | £502 | £125 | £627 | £8,204 | 13.1 yrs | £4,340 |
| 4 kW | 4162 kWh | 2497 kWh | 1665 kWh | £670 | £166 | £836 | £10,238 | 12.2 yrs | £6,487 |
| 5 kW | 5203 kWh | 3122 kWh | 2081 kWh | £837 | £208 | £1,045 | £12,273 | 11.7 yrs | £8,633 |
| 6 kW | 6243 kWh | 3746 kWh | 2497 kWh | £1,005 | £250 | £1,254 | £14,307 | 11.4 yrs | £10,780 |
| 7 kW | 7284 kWh | 4370 kWh | 2913 kWh | £1,172 | £291 | £1,463 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,927 |
| 8 kW | 8324 kWh | 4994 kWh | 3330 kWh | £1,340 | £333 | £1,672 | £18,376 | 11.0 yrs | £15,073 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,133, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2081 kWh | 1457 kWh | 624 kWh | £391 | £62 | £453 | £7,569 | 16.7 yrs | £1,493 |
| 3 kW | 3122 kWh | 2185 kWh | 936 kWh | £586 | £94 | £680 | £9,604 | 14.1 yrs | £3,990 |
| 4 kW | 4162 kWh | 2913 kWh | 1249 kWh | £781 | £125 | £906 | £11,638 | 12.8 yrs | £6,487 |
| 5 kW | 5203 kWh | 3642 kWh | 1561 kWh | £977 | £156 | £1,133 | £13,673 | 12.1 yrs | £8,984 |
| 6 kW | 6243 kWh | 4370 kWh | 1873 kWh | £1,172 | £187 | £1,359 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,480 |
| 7 kW | 7284 kWh | 5098 kWh | 2185 kWh | £1,367 | £219 | £1,586 | £17,742 | 11.2 yrs | £13,977 |
| 8 kW | 8324 kWh | 5827 kWh | 2497 kWh | £1,563 | £250 | £1,812 | £19,776 | 10.9 yrs | £16,474 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,159, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2081 kWh | 1519 kWh | 562 kWh | £407 | £56 | £464 | £9,319 | 20.1 yrs | £-47 |
| 3 kW | 3122 kWh | 2279 kWh | 843 kWh | £611 | £84 | £695 | £11,354 | 16.3 yrs | £2,555 |
| 4 kW | 4162 kWh | 3038 kWh | 1124 kWh | £815 | £112 | £927 | £13,388 | 14.4 yrs | £5,157 |
| 5 kW | 5203 kWh | 3798 kWh | 1405 kWh | £1,019 | £140 | £1,159 | £15,423 | 13.3 yrs | £7,759 |
| 6 kW | 6243 kWh | 4557 kWh | 1686 kWh | £1,222 | £169 | £1,391 | £17,457 | 12.6 yrs | £10,360 |
| 7 kW | 7284 kWh | 5317 kWh | 1967 kWh | £1,426 | £197 | £1,623 | £19,492 | 12.0 yrs | £12,962 |
| 8 kW | 8324 kWh | 6077 kWh | 2248 kWh | £1,630 | £225 | £1,854 | £21,526 | 11.6 yrs | £15,564 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,177, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2081 kWh | 1561 kWh | 520 kWh | £419 | £52 | £471 | £11,069 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,657 |
| 3 kW | 3122 kWh | 2341 kWh | 780 kWh | £628 | £78 | £706 | £13,104 | 18.6 yrs | £1,015 |
| 4 kW | 4162 kWh | 3122 kWh | 1041 kWh | £837 | £104 | £941 | £15,138 | 16.1 yrs | £3,687 |
| 5 kW | 5203 kWh | 3902 kWh | 1301 kWh | £1,046 | £130 | £1,177 | £17,173 | 14.6 yrs | £6,359 |
| 6 kW | 6243 kWh | 4682 kWh | 1561 kWh | £1,256 | £156 | £1,412 | £19,207 | 13.6 yrs | £9,030 |
| 7 kW | 7284 kWh | 5463 kWh | 1821 kWh | £1,465 | £182 | £1,647 | £21,242 | 12.9 yrs | £11,702 |
| 8 kW | 8324 kWh | 6243 kWh | 2081 kWh | £1,674 | £208 | £1,882 | £23,276 | 12.4 yrs | £14,374 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,194, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2081 kWh | 1602 kWh | 479 kWh | £430 | £48 | £478 | £13,519 | 28.3 yrs | £-3,967 |
| 3 kW | 3122 kWh | 2404 kWh | 718 kWh | £645 | £72 | £716 | £15,554 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,225 |
| 4 kW | 4162 kWh | 3205 kWh | 957 kWh | £860 | £96 | £955 | £17,588 | 18.4 yrs | £1,517 |
| 5 kW | 5203 kWh | 4006 kWh | 1197 kWh | £1,074 | £120 | £1,194 | £19,623 | 16.4 yrs | £4,259 |
| 6 kW | 6243 kWh | 4807 kWh | 1436 kWh | £1,289 | £144 | £1,433 | £21,657 | 15.1 yrs | £7,000 |
| 7 kW | 7284 kWh | 5608 kWh | 1675 kWh | £1,504 | £168 | £1,672 | £23,692 | 14.2 yrs | £9,742 |
| 8 kW | 8324 kWh | 6410 kWh | 1915 kWh | £1,719 | £191 | £1,910 | £25,726 | 13.5 yrs | £12,484 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.