A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1072 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £897, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2145 kWh | 858 kWh | 1287 kWh | £230 | £129 | £359 | £4,069 | 11.3 yrs | £3,106 |
| 3 kW | 3217 kWh | 1287 kWh | 1930 kWh | £345 | £193 | £538 | £6,104 | 11.3 yrs | £4,660 |
| 4 kW | 4290 kWh | 1716 kWh | 2574 kWh | £460 | £257 | £718 | £8,138 | 11.3 yrs | £6,213 |
| 5 kW | 5362 kWh | 2145 kWh | 3217 kWh | £575 | £322 | £897 | £10,173 | 11.3 yrs | £7,766 |
| 6 kW | 6434 kWh | 2574 kWh | 3861 kWh | £690 | £386 | £1,076 | £12,207 | 11.3 yrs | £9,319 |
| 7 kW | 7507 kWh | 3003 kWh | 4504 kWh | £805 | £450 | £1,256 | £14,242 | 11.3 yrs | £10,873 |
| 8 kW | 8579 kWh | 3432 kWh | 5147 kWh | £920 | £515 | £1,435 | £16,276 | 11.3 yrs | £12,426 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2145 kWh | 1287 kWh | 858 kWh | £345 | £86 | £431 | £6,169 | 14.3 yrs | £2,449 |
| 3 kW | 3217 kWh | 1930 kWh | 1287 kWh | £518 | £129 | £646 | £8,204 | 12.7 yrs | £4,724 |
| 4 kW | 4290 kWh | 2574 kWh | 1716 kWh | £690 | £172 | £862 | £10,238 | 11.9 yrs | £6,999 |
| 5 kW | 5362 kWh | 3217 kWh | 2145 kWh | £863 | £214 | £1,077 | £12,273 | 11.4 yrs | £9,274 |
| 6 kW | 6434 kWh | 3861 kWh | 2574 kWh | £1,035 | £257 | £1,293 | £14,307 | 11.1 yrs | £11,548 |
| 7 kW | 7507 kWh | 4504 kWh | 3003 kWh | £1,208 | £300 | £1,508 | £16,342 | 10.8 yrs | £13,823 |
| 8 kW | 8579 kWh | 5147 kWh | 3432 kWh | £1,381 | £343 | £1,724 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £16,098 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,168, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2145 kWh | 1501 kWh | 643 kWh | £403 | £64 | £467 | £7,569 | 16.2 yrs | £1,771 |
| 3 kW | 3217 kWh | 2252 kWh | 965 kWh | £604 | £97 | £701 | £9,604 | 13.7 yrs | £4,406 |
| 4 kW | 4290 kWh | 3003 kWh | 1287 kWh | £805 | £129 | £934 | £11,638 | 12.5 yrs | £7,042 |
| 5 kW | 5362 kWh | 3753 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,007 | £161 | £1,168 | £13,673 | 11.7 yrs | £9,677 |
| 6 kW | 6434 kWh | 4504 kWh | 1930 kWh | £1,208 | £193 | £1,401 | £15,707 | 11.2 yrs | £12,313 |
| 7 kW | 7507 kWh | 5255 kWh | 2252 kWh | £1,409 | £225 | £1,635 | £17,742 | 10.9 yrs | £14,948 |
| 8 kW | 8579 kWh | 6005 kWh | 2574 kWh | £1,611 | £257 | £1,868 | £19,776 | 10.6 yrs | £17,584 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,195, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2145 kWh | 1566 kWh | 579 kWh | £420 | £58 | £478 | £9,319 | 19.5 yrs | £237 |
| 3 kW | 3217 kWh | 2349 kWh | 869 kWh | £630 | £87 | £717 | £11,354 | 15.8 yrs | £2,981 |
| 4 kW | 4290 kWh | 3131 kWh | 1158 kWh | £840 | £116 | £956 | £13,388 | 14.0 yrs | £5,725 |
| 5 kW | 5362 kWh | 3914 kWh | 1448 kWh | £1,050 | £145 | £1,195 | £15,423 | 12.9 yrs | £8,469 |
| 6 kW | 6434 kWh | 4697 kWh | 1737 kWh | £1,260 | £174 | £1,433 | £17,457 | 12.2 yrs | £11,212 |
| 7 kW | 7507 kWh | 5480 kWh | 2027 kWh | £1,470 | £203 | £1,672 | £19,492 | 11.7 yrs | £13,956 |
| 8 kW | 8579 kWh | 6263 kWh | 2316 kWh | £1,680 | £232 | £1,911 | £21,526 | 11.3 yrs | £16,700 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,213, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2145 kWh | 1609 kWh | 536 kWh | £431 | £54 | £485 | £11,069 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,368 |
| 3 kW | 3217 kWh | 2413 kWh | 804 kWh | £647 | £80 | £728 | £13,104 | 18.0 yrs | £1,448 |
| 4 kW | 4290 kWh | 3217 kWh | 1072 kWh | £863 | £107 | £970 | £15,138 | 15.6 yrs | £4,263 |
| 5 kW | 5362 kWh | 4021 kWh | 1340 kWh | £1,079 | £134 | £1,213 | £17,173 | 14.2 yrs | £7,079 |
| 6 kW | 6434 kWh | 4826 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,294 | £161 | £1,455 | £19,207 | 13.2 yrs | £9,895 |
| 7 kW | 7507 kWh | 5630 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,510 | £188 | £1,698 | £21,242 | 12.5 yrs | £12,711 |
| 8 kW | 8579 kWh | 6434 kWh | 2145 kWh | £1,726 | £214 | £1,940 | £23,276 | 12.0 yrs | £15,527 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,231, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2145 kWh | 1651 kWh | 493 kWh | £443 | £49 | £492 | £13,519 | 27.5 yrs | £-3,674 |
| 3 kW | 3217 kWh | 2477 kWh | 740 kWh | £664 | £74 | £738 | £15,554 | 21.1 yrs | £-786 |
| 4 kW | 4290 kWh | 3303 kWh | 987 kWh | £886 | £99 | £985 | £17,588 | 17.9 yrs | £2,102 |
| 5 kW | 5362 kWh | 4129 kWh | 1233 kWh | £1,107 | £123 | £1,231 | £19,623 | 15.9 yrs | £4,990 |
| 6 kW | 6434 kWh | 4954 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,329 | £148 | £1,477 | £21,657 | 14.7 yrs | £7,878 |
| 7 kW | 7507 kWh | 5780 kWh | 1727 kWh | £1,550 | £173 | £1,723 | £23,692 | 13.8 yrs | £10,766 |
| 8 kW | 8579 kWh | 6606 kWh | 1973 kWh | £1,772 | £197 | £1,969 | £25,726 | 13.1 yrs | £13,654 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.