A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 653 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £549, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1306 kWh | 522 kWh | 784 kWh | £141 | £78 | £220 | £4,069 | 18.5 yrs | £325 |
| 3 kW | 1959 kWh | 784 kWh | 1175 kWh | £212 | £118 | £330 | £6,104 | 18.5 yrs | £488 |
| 4 kW | 2612 kWh | 1045 kWh | 1567 kWh | £283 | £157 | £439 | £8,138 | 18.5 yrs | £651 |
| 5 kW | 3265 kWh | 1306 kWh | 1959 kWh | £353 | £196 | £549 | £10,173 | 18.5 yrs | £814 |
| 6 kW | 3918 kWh | 1567 kWh | 2351 kWh | £424 | £235 | £659 | £12,207 | 18.5 yrs | £976 |
| 7 kW | 4571 kWh | 1828 kWh | 2743 kWh | £495 | £274 | £769 | £14,242 | 18.5 yrs | £1,139 |
| 8 kW | 5224 kWh | 2090 kWh | 3134 kWh | £565 | £313 | £879 | £16,276 | 18.5 yrs | £1,302 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £661, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1306 kWh | 784 kWh | 522 kWh | £212 | £52 | £264 | £6,169 | 23.3 yrs | £-883 |
| 3 kW | 1959 kWh | 1175 kWh | 784 kWh | £318 | £78 | £396 | £8,204 | 20.7 yrs | £-275 |
| 4 kW | 2612 kWh | 1567 kWh | 1045 kWh | £424 | £104 | £529 | £10,238 | 19.4 yrs | £333 |
| 5 kW | 3265 kWh | 1959 kWh | 1306 kWh | £530 | £131 | £661 | £12,273 | 18.6 yrs | £942 |
| 6 kW | 3918 kWh | 2351 kWh | 1567 kWh | £636 | £157 | £793 | £14,307 | 18.0 yrs | £1,550 |
| 7 kW | 4571 kWh | 2743 kWh | 1828 kWh | £742 | £183 | £925 | £16,342 | 17.7 yrs | £2,158 |
| 8 kW | 5224 kWh | 3134 kWh | 2090 kWh | £848 | £209 | £1,057 | £18,376 | 17.4 yrs | £2,767 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £716, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 19.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1306 kWh | 914 kWh | 392 kWh | £247 | £39 | £287 | £7,569 | 26.4 yrs | £-1,838 |
| 3 kW | 1959 kWh | 1371 kWh | 588 kWh | £371 | £59 | £430 | £9,604 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,007 |
| 4 kW | 2612 kWh | 1828 kWh | 784 kWh | £495 | £78 | £573 | £11,638 | 20.3 yrs | £-175 |
| 5 kW | 3265 kWh | 2286 kWh | 980 kWh | £618 | £98 | £716 | £13,673 | 19.1 yrs | £656 |
| 6 kW | 3918 kWh | 2743 kWh | 1175 kWh | £742 | £118 | £860 | £15,707 | 18.3 yrs | £1,487 |
| 7 kW | 4571 kWh | 3200 kWh | 1371 kWh | £866 | £137 | £1,003 | £17,742 | 17.7 yrs | £2,318 |
| 8 kW | 5224 kWh | 3657 kWh | 1567 kWh | £990 | £157 | £1,146 | £19,776 | 17.3 yrs | £3,149 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £733, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1306 kWh | 953 kWh | 353 kWh | £258 | £35 | £293 | £9,319 | 31.8 yrs | £-3,454 |
| 3 kW | 1959 kWh | 1430 kWh | 529 kWh | £387 | £53 | £440 | £11,354 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,556 |
| 4 kW | 2612 kWh | 1907 kWh | 705 kWh | £516 | £71 | £587 | £13,388 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,658 |
| 5 kW | 3265 kWh | 2383 kWh | 882 kWh | £645 | £88 | £733 | £15,423 | 21.0 yrs | £-760 |
| 6 kW | 3918 kWh | 2860 kWh | 1058 kWh | £774 | £106 | £880 | £17,457 | 19.8 yrs | £138 |
| 7 kW | 4571 kWh | 3337 kWh | 1234 kWh | £903 | £123 | £1,026 | £19,492 | 19.0 yrs | £1,036 |
| 8 kW | 5224 kWh | 3814 kWh | 1411 kWh | £1,032 | £141 | £1,173 | £21,526 | 18.4 yrs | £1,934 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £744, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 23.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1306 kWh | 980 kWh | 327 kWh | £265 | £33 | £298 | £11,069 | 37.2 yrs | £-5,115 |
| 3 kW | 1959 kWh | 1469 kWh | 490 kWh | £398 | £49 | £447 | £13,104 | 29.3 yrs | £-4,172 |
| 4 kW | 2612 kWh | 1959 kWh | 653 kWh | £530 | £65 | £595 | £15,138 | 25.4 yrs | £-3,230 |
| 5 kW | 3265 kWh | 2449 kWh | 816 kWh | £663 | £82 | £744 | £17,173 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,287 |
| 6 kW | 3918 kWh | 2939 kWh | 980 kWh | £795 | £98 | £893 | £19,207 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,345 |
| 7 kW | 4571 kWh | 3428 kWh | 1143 kWh | £928 | £114 | £1,042 | £21,242 | 20.4 yrs | £-402 |
| 8 kW | 5224 kWh | 3918 kWh | 1306 kWh | £1,060 | £131 | £1,191 | £23,276 | 19.5 yrs | £541 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £755, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 26.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1306 kWh | 1006 kWh | 300 kWh | £272 | £30 | £302 | £13,519 | 44.7 yrs | £-7,476 |
| 3 kW | 1959 kWh | 1508 kWh | 451 kWh | £408 | £45 | £453 | £15,554 | 34.3 yrs | £-6,489 |
| 4 kW | 2612 kWh | 2011 kWh | 601 kWh | £544 | £60 | £604 | £17,588 | 29.1 yrs | £-5,502 |
| 5 kW | 3265 kWh | 2514 kWh | 751 kWh | £680 | £75 | £755 | £19,623 | 26.0 yrs | £-4,514 |
| 6 kW | 3918 kWh | 3017 kWh | 901 kWh | £816 | £90 | £906 | £21,657 | 23.9 yrs | £-3,527 |
| 7 kW | 4571 kWh | 3520 kWh | 1051 kWh | £952 | £105 | £1,058 | £23,692 | 22.4 yrs | £-2,540 |
| 8 kW | 5224 kWh | 4023 kWh | 1202 kWh | £1,088 | £120 | £1,209 | £25,726 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,553 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.