A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 827 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £696, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 662 kWh | 993 kWh | £179 | £99 | £278 | £4,069 | 14.6 yrs | £1,498 |
| 3 kW | 2482 kWh | 993 kWh | 1489 kWh | £269 | £149 | £418 | £6,104 | 14.6 yrs | £2,247 |
| 4 kW | 3309 kWh | 1324 kWh | 1985 kWh | £358 | £199 | £557 | £8,138 | 14.6 yrs | £2,996 |
| 5 kW | 4136 kWh | 1654 kWh | 2482 kWh | £448 | £248 | £696 | £10,173 | 14.6 yrs | £3,745 |
| 6 kW | 4963 kWh | 1985 kWh | 2978 kWh | £537 | £298 | £835 | £12,207 | 14.6 yrs | £4,494 |
| 7 kW | 5791 kWh | 2316 kWh | 3474 kWh | £627 | £347 | £974 | £14,242 | 14.6 yrs | £5,242 |
| 8 kW | 6618 kWh | 2647 kWh | 3971 kWh | £716 | £397 | £1,113 | £16,276 | 14.6 yrs | £5,991 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £837, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 993 kWh | 662 kWh | £269 | £66 | £335 | £6,169 | 18.4 yrs | £527 |
| 3 kW | 2482 kWh | 1489 kWh | 993 kWh | £403 | £99 | £502 | £8,204 | 16.3 yrs | £1,840 |
| 4 kW | 3309 kWh | 1985 kWh | 1324 kWh | £537 | £132 | £670 | £10,238 | 15.3 yrs | £3,154 |
| 5 kW | 4136 kWh | 2482 kWh | 1654 kWh | £672 | £165 | £837 | £12,273 | 14.7 yrs | £4,467 |
| 6 kW | 4963 kWh | 2978 kWh | 1985 kWh | £806 | £199 | £1,004 | £14,307 | 14.2 yrs | £5,780 |
| 7 kW | 5791 kWh | 3474 kWh | 2316 kWh | £940 | £232 | £1,172 | £16,342 | 13.9 yrs | £7,094 |
| 8 kW | 6618 kWh | 3971 kWh | 2647 kWh | £1,074 | £265 | £1,339 | £18,376 | 13.7 yrs | £8,407 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £908, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1158 kWh | 496 kWh | £313 | £50 | £363 | £7,569 | 20.9 yrs | £-309 |
| 3 kW | 2482 kWh | 1737 kWh | 744 kWh | £470 | £74 | £545 | £9,604 | 17.6 yrs | £1,287 |
| 4 kW | 3309 kWh | 2316 kWh | 993 kWh | £627 | £99 | £726 | £11,638 | 16.0 yrs | £2,883 |
| 5 kW | 4136 kWh | 2895 kWh | 1241 kWh | £783 | £124 | £908 | £13,673 | 15.1 yrs | £4,478 |
| 6 kW | 4963 kWh | 3474 kWh | 1489 kWh | £940 | £149 | £1,089 | £15,707 | 14.4 yrs | £6,074 |
| 7 kW | 5791 kWh | 4053 kWh | 1737 kWh | £1,097 | £174 | £1,271 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,670 |
| 8 kW | 6618 kWh | 4632 kWh | 1985 kWh | £1,254 | £199 | £1,452 | £19,776 | 13.6 yrs | £9,265 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1208 kWh | 447 kWh | £327 | £45 | £371 | £9,319 | 25.1 yrs | £-1,889 |
| 3 kW | 2482 kWh | 1812 kWh | 670 kWh | £490 | £67 | £557 | £11,354 | 20.4 yrs | £-209 |
| 4 kW | 3309 kWh | 2415 kWh | 893 kWh | £654 | £89 | £743 | £13,388 | 18.0 yrs | £1,471 |
| 5 kW | 4136 kWh | 3019 kWh | 1117 kWh | £817 | £112 | £929 | £15,423 | 16.6 yrs | £3,152 |
| 6 kW | 4963 kWh | 3623 kWh | 1340 kWh | £980 | £134 | £1,114 | £17,457 | 15.7 yrs | £4,832 |
| 7 kW | 5791 kWh | 4227 kWh | 1563 kWh | £1,144 | £156 | £1,300 | £19,492 | 15.0 yrs | £6,512 |
| 8 kW | 6618 kWh | 4831 kWh | 1787 kWh | £1,307 | £179 | £1,486 | £21,526 | 14.5 yrs | £8,193 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1241 kWh | 414 kWh | £336 | £41 | £377 | £11,069 | 29.4 yrs | £-3,526 |
| 3 kW | 2482 kWh | 1861 kWh | 620 kWh | £504 | £62 | £566 | £13,104 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,790 |
| 4 kW | 3309 kWh | 2482 kWh | 827 kWh | £672 | £83 | £754 | £15,138 | 20.1 yrs | £-53 |
| 5 kW | 4136 kWh | 3102 kWh | 1034 kWh | £839 | £103 | £943 | £17,173 | 18.2 yrs | £1,684 |
| 6 kW | 4963 kWh | 3722 kWh | 1241 kWh | £1,007 | £124 | £1,131 | £19,207 | 17.0 yrs | £3,421 |
| 7 kW | 5791 kWh | 4343 kWh | 1448 kWh | £1,175 | £145 | £1,320 | £21,242 | 16.1 yrs | £5,158 |
| 8 kW | 6618 kWh | 4963 kWh | 1654 kWh | £1,343 | £165 | £1,509 | £23,276 | 15.4 yrs | £6,894 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £957, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1654 kWh | 1274 kWh | 381 kWh | £345 | £38 | £383 | £13,519 | 35.3 yrs | £-5,864 |
| 3 kW | 2482 kWh | 1911 kWh | 571 kWh | £517 | £57 | £574 | £15,554 | 27.1 yrs | £-4,070 |
| 4 kW | 3309 kWh | 2548 kWh | 761 kWh | £689 | £76 | £766 | £17,588 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,277 |
| 5 kW | 4136 kWh | 3185 kWh | 951 kWh | £862 | £95 | £957 | £19,623 | 20.5 yrs | £-484 |
| 6 kW | 4963 kWh | 3822 kWh | 1142 kWh | £1,034 | £114 | £1,148 | £21,657 | 18.9 yrs | £1,309 |
| 7 kW | 5791 kWh | 4459 kWh | 1332 kWh | £1,207 | £133 | £1,340 | £23,692 | 17.7 yrs | £3,103 |
| 8 kW | 6618 kWh | 5096 kWh | 1522 kWh | £1,379 | £152 | £1,531 | £25,726 | 16.8 yrs | £4,896 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.