A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 793 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £667, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1585 kWh | 634 kWh | 951 kWh | £172 | £95 | £267 | £4,069 | 15.3 yrs | £1,265 |
| 3 kW | 2378 kWh | 951 kWh | 1427 kWh | £257 | £143 | £400 | £6,104 | 15.3 yrs | £1,897 |
| 4 kW | 3170 kWh | 1268 kWh | 1902 kWh | £343 | £190 | £533 | £8,138 | 15.3 yrs | £2,530 |
| 5 kW | 3963 kWh | 1585 kWh | 2378 kWh | £429 | £238 | £667 | £10,173 | 15.3 yrs | £3,162 |
| 6 kW | 4756 kWh | 1902 kWh | 2853 kWh | £515 | £285 | £800 | £12,207 | 15.3 yrs | £3,795 |
| 7 kW | 5548 kWh | 2219 kWh | 3329 kWh | £601 | £333 | £933 | £14,242 | 15.3 yrs | £4,427 |
| 8 kW | 6341 kWh | 2536 kWh | 3805 kWh | £686 | £380 | £1,067 | £16,276 | 15.3 yrs | £5,060 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £802, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1585 kWh | 951 kWh | 634 kWh | £257 | £63 | £321 | £6,169 | 19.2 yrs | £247 |
| 3 kW | 2378 kWh | 1427 kWh | 951 kWh | £386 | £95 | £481 | £8,204 | 17.0 yrs | £1,420 |
| 4 kW | 3170 kWh | 1902 kWh | 1268 kWh | £515 | £127 | £642 | £10,238 | 16.0 yrs | £2,593 |
| 5 kW | 3963 kWh | 2378 kWh | 1585 kWh | £643 | £159 | £802 | £12,273 | 15.3 yrs | £3,767 |
| 6 kW | 4756 kWh | 2853 kWh | 1902 kWh | £772 | £190 | £962 | £14,307 | 14.9 yrs | £4,940 |
| 7 kW | 5548 kWh | 3329 kWh | 2219 kWh | £901 | £222 | £1,123 | £16,342 | 14.6 yrs | £6,113 |
| 8 kW | 6341 kWh | 3805 kWh | 2536 kWh | £1,030 | £254 | £1,283 | £18,376 | 14.3 yrs | £7,287 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £870, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1585 kWh | 1110 kWh | 476 kWh | £300 | £48 | £348 | £7,569 | 21.8 yrs | £-612 |
| 3 kW | 2378 kWh | 1664 kWh | 713 kWh | £450 | £71 | £522 | £9,604 | 18.4 yrs | £831 |
| 4 kW | 3170 kWh | 2219 kWh | 951 kWh | £601 | £95 | £696 | £11,638 | 16.7 yrs | £2,275 |
| 5 kW | 3963 kWh | 2774 kWh | 1189 kWh | £751 | £119 | £870 | £13,673 | 15.7 yrs | £3,719 |
| 6 kW | 4756 kWh | 3329 kWh | 1427 kWh | £901 | £143 | £1,043 | £15,707 | 15.1 yrs | £5,163 |
| 7 kW | 5548 kWh | 3884 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,051 | £166 | £1,217 | £17,742 | 14.6 yrs | £6,606 |
| 8 kW | 6341 kWh | 4439 kWh | 1902 kWh | £1,201 | £190 | £1,391 | £19,776 | 14.2 yrs | £8,050 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1585 kWh | 1157 kWh | 428 kWh | £313 | £43 | £356 | £9,319 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,200 |
| 3 kW | 2378 kWh | 1736 kWh | 642 kWh | £470 | £64 | £534 | £11,354 | 21.3 yrs | £-675 |
| 4 kW | 3170 kWh | 2314 kWh | 856 kWh | £626 | £86 | £712 | £13,388 | 18.8 yrs | £850 |
| 5 kW | 3963 kWh | 2893 kWh | 1070 kWh | £783 | £107 | £890 | £15,423 | 17.3 yrs | £2,375 |
| 6 kW | 4756 kWh | 3472 kWh | 1284 kWh | £939 | £128 | £1,068 | £17,457 | 16.3 yrs | £3,899 |
| 7 kW | 5548 kWh | 4050 kWh | 1498 kWh | £1,096 | £150 | £1,246 | £19,492 | 15.6 yrs | £5,424 |
| 8 kW | 6341 kWh | 4629 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,253 | £171 | £1,424 | £21,526 | 15.1 yrs | £6,949 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £903, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1585 kWh | 1189 kWh | 396 kWh | £322 | £40 | £361 | £11,069 | 30.6 yrs | £-3,842 |
| 3 kW | 2378 kWh | 1783 kWh | 594 kWh | £483 | £59 | £542 | £13,104 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,263 |
| 4 kW | 3170 kWh | 2378 kWh | 793 kWh | £643 | £79 | £723 | £15,138 | 20.9 yrs | £-684 |
| 5 kW | 3963 kWh | 2972 kWh | 991 kWh | £804 | £99 | £903 | £17,173 | 19.0 yrs | £895 |
| 6 kW | 4756 kWh | 3567 kWh | 1189 kWh | £965 | £119 | £1,084 | £19,207 | 17.7 yrs | £2,474 |
| 7 kW | 5548 kWh | 4161 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,126 | £139 | £1,265 | £21,242 | 16.8 yrs | £4,053 |
| 8 kW | 6341 kWh | 4756 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,287 | £159 | £1,445 | £23,276 | 16.1 yrs | £5,632 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £917, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1585 kWh | 1221 kWh | 365 kWh | £330 | £36 | £367 | £13,519 | 36.9 yrs | £-6,184 |
| 3 kW | 2378 kWh | 1831 kWh | 547 kWh | £495 | £55 | £550 | £15,554 | 28.3 yrs | £-4,551 |
| 4 kW | 3170 kWh | 2441 kWh | 729 kWh | £661 | £73 | £734 | £17,588 | 24.0 yrs | £-2,918 |
| 5 kW | 3963 kWh | 3052 kWh | 912 kWh | £826 | £91 | £917 | £19,623 | 21.4 yrs | £-1,285 |
| 6 kW | 4756 kWh | 3662 kWh | 1094 kWh | £991 | £109 | £1,100 | £21,657 | 19.7 yrs | £349 |
| 7 kW | 5548 kWh | 4272 kWh | 1276 kWh | £1,156 | £128 | £1,284 | £23,692 | 18.5 yrs | £1,982 |
| 8 kW | 6341 kWh | 4882 kWh | 1458 kWh | £1,321 | £146 | £1,467 | £25,726 | 17.5 yrs | £3,615 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.