A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 732 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £616, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1464 kWh | 586 kWh | 879 kWh | £159 | £88 | £246 | £4,069 | 16.5 yrs | £859 |
| 3 kW | 2197 kWh | 879 kWh | 1318 kWh | £238 | £132 | £370 | £6,104 | 16.5 yrs | £1,288 |
| 4 kW | 2929 kWh | 1172 kWh | 1757 kWh | £317 | £176 | £493 | £8,138 | 16.5 yrs | £1,717 |
| 5 kW | 3661 kWh | 1464 kWh | 2197 kWh | £396 | £220 | £616 | £10,173 | 16.5 yrs | £2,147 |
| 6 kW | 4394 kWh | 1757 kWh | 2636 kWh | £476 | £264 | £739 | £12,207 | 16.5 yrs | £2,576 |
| 7 kW | 5126 kWh | 2050 kWh | 3075 kWh | £555 | £308 | £862 | £14,242 | 16.5 yrs | £3,006 |
| 8 kW | 5858 kWh | 2343 kWh | 3515 kWh | £634 | £351 | £986 | £16,276 | 16.5 yrs | £3,435 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £741, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1464 kWh | 879 kWh | 586 kWh | £238 | £59 | £296 | £6,169 | 20.8 yrs | £-242 |
| 3 kW | 2197 kWh | 1318 kWh | 879 kWh | £357 | £88 | £445 | £8,204 | 18.5 yrs | £687 |
| 4 kW | 2929 kWh | 1757 kWh | 1172 kWh | £476 | £117 | £593 | £10,238 | 17.3 yrs | £1,616 |
| 5 kW | 3661 kWh | 2197 kWh | 1464 kWh | £594 | £146 | £741 | £12,273 | 16.6 yrs | £2,545 |
| 6 kW | 4394 kWh | 2636 kWh | 1757 kWh | £713 | £176 | £889 | £14,307 | 16.1 yrs | £3,474 |
| 7 kW | 5126 kWh | 3075 kWh | 2050 kWh | £832 | £205 | £1,037 | £16,342 | 15.8 yrs | £4,403 |
| 8 kW | 5858 kWh | 3515 kWh | 2343 kWh | £951 | £234 | £1,185 | £18,376 | 15.5 yrs | £5,332 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £803, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1464 kWh | 1025 kWh | 439 kWh | £277 | £44 | £321 | £7,569 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,142 |
| 3 kW | 2197 kWh | 1538 kWh | 659 kWh | £416 | £66 | £482 | £9,604 | 19.9 yrs | £37 |
| 4 kW | 2929 kWh | 2050 kWh | 879 kWh | £555 | £88 | £643 | £11,638 | 18.1 yrs | £1,216 |
| 5 kW | 3661 kWh | 2563 kWh | 1098 kWh | £694 | £110 | £803 | £13,673 | 17.0 yrs | £2,394 |
| 6 kW | 4394 kWh | 3075 kWh | 1318 kWh | £832 | £132 | £964 | £15,707 | 16.3 yrs | £3,573 |
| 7 kW | 5126 kWh | 3588 kWh | 1538 kWh | £971 | £154 | £1,125 | £17,742 | 15.8 yrs | £4,752 |
| 8 kW | 5858 kWh | 4101 kWh | 1757 kWh | £1,110 | £176 | £1,285 | £19,776 | 15.4 yrs | £5,931 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £822, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1464 kWh | 1069 kWh | 395 kWh | £289 | £40 | £329 | £9,319 | 28.3 yrs | £-2,742 |
| 3 kW | 2197 kWh | 1604 kWh | 593 kWh | £434 | £59 | £493 | £11,354 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,488 |
| 4 kW | 2929 kWh | 2138 kWh | 791 kWh | £579 | £79 | £658 | £13,388 | 20.4 yrs | £-235 |
| 5 kW | 3661 kWh | 2673 kWh | 989 kWh | £723 | £99 | £822 | £15,423 | 18.8 yrs | £1,019 |
| 6 kW | 4394 kWh | 3207 kWh | 1186 kWh | £868 | £119 | £987 | £17,457 | 17.7 yrs | £2,273 |
| 7 kW | 5126 kWh | 3742 kWh | 1384 kWh | £1,013 | £138 | £1,151 | £19,492 | 16.9 yrs | £3,527 |
| 8 kW | 5858 kWh | 4276 kWh | 1582 kWh | £1,157 | £158 | £1,315 | £21,526 | 16.4 yrs | £4,781 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £835, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 20.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1464 kWh | 1098 kWh | 366 kWh | £297 | £37 | £334 | £11,069 | 33.2 yrs | £-4,392 |
| 3 kW | 2197 kWh | 1648 kWh | 549 kWh | £446 | £55 | £501 | £13,104 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,089 |
| 4 kW | 2929 kWh | 2197 kWh | 732 kWh | £594 | £73 | £668 | £15,138 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,785 |
| 5 kW | 3661 kWh | 2746 kWh | 915 kWh | £743 | £92 | £835 | £17,173 | 20.6 yrs | £-481 |
| 6 kW | 4394 kWh | 3295 kWh | 1098 kWh | £892 | £110 | £1,001 | £19,207 | 19.2 yrs | £823 |
| 7 kW | 5126 kWh | 3844 kWh | 1281 kWh | £1,040 | £128 | £1,168 | £21,242 | 18.2 yrs | £2,127 |
| 8 kW | 5858 kWh | 4394 kWh | 1464 kWh | £1,189 | £146 | £1,335 | £23,276 | 17.4 yrs | £3,431 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £847, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1464 kWh | 1128 kWh | 337 kWh | £305 | £34 | £339 | £13,519 | 39.9 yrs | £-6,742 |
| 3 kW | 2197 kWh | 1691 kWh | 505 kWh | £458 | £51 | £508 | £15,554 | 30.6 yrs | £-5,389 |
| 4 kW | 2929 kWh | 2255 kWh | 674 kWh | £610 | £67 | £678 | £17,588 | 26.0 yrs | £-4,035 |
| 5 kW | 3661 kWh | 2819 kWh | 842 kWh | £763 | £84 | £847 | £19,623 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,681 |
| 6 kW | 4394 kWh | 3383 kWh | 1011 kWh | £915 | £101 | £1,016 | £21,657 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,327 |
| 7 kW | 5126 kWh | 3947 kWh | 1179 kWh | £1,068 | £118 | £1,186 | £23,692 | 20.0 yrs | £27 |
| 8 kW | 5858 kWh | 4511 kWh | 1347 kWh | £1,221 | £135 | £1,355 | £25,726 | 19.0 yrs | £1,380 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.