A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 711 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £598, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1422 kWh | 569 kWh | 853 kWh | £154 | £85 | £239 | £4,069 | 17.0 yrs | £717 |
| 3 kW | 2133 kWh | 853 kWh | 1280 kWh | £231 | £128 | £359 | £6,104 | 17.0 yrs | £1,075 |
| 4 kW | 2845 kWh | 1138 kWh | 1707 kWh | £308 | £171 | £479 | £8,138 | 17.0 yrs | £1,433 |
| 5 kW | 3556 kWh | 1422 kWh | 2133 kWh | £385 | £213 | £598 | £10,173 | 17.0 yrs | £1,792 |
| 6 kW | 4267 kWh | 1707 kWh | 2560 kWh | £462 | £256 | £718 | £12,207 | 17.0 yrs | £2,150 |
| 7 kW | 4978 kWh | 1991 kWh | 2987 kWh | £539 | £299 | £837 | £14,242 | 17.0 yrs | £2,508 |
| 8 kW | 5689 kWh | 2276 kWh | 3413 kWh | £616 | £341 | £957 | £16,276 | 17.0 yrs | £2,866 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £720, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1422 kWh | 853 kWh | 569 kWh | £231 | £57 | £288 | £6,169 | 21.4 yrs | £-413 |
| 3 kW | 2133 kWh | 1280 kWh | 853 kWh | £346 | £85 | £432 | £8,204 | 19.0 yrs | £431 |
| 4 kW | 2845 kWh | 1707 kWh | 1138 kWh | £462 | £114 | £576 | £10,238 | 17.8 yrs | £1,274 |
| 5 kW | 3556 kWh | 2133 kWh | 1422 kWh | £577 | £142 | £720 | £12,273 | 17.1 yrs | £2,118 |
| 6 kW | 4267 kWh | 2560 kWh | 1707 kWh | £693 | £171 | £863 | £14,307 | 16.6 yrs | £2,961 |
| 7 kW | 4978 kWh | 2987 kWh | 1991 kWh | £808 | £199 | £1,007 | £16,342 | 16.2 yrs | £3,805 |
| 8 kW | 5689 kWh | 3413 kWh | 2276 kWh | £924 | £228 | £1,151 | £18,376 | 16.0 yrs | £4,649 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £780, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1422 kWh | 996 kWh | 427 kWh | £269 | £43 | £312 | £7,569 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,328 |
| 3 kW | 2133 kWh | 1493 kWh | 640 kWh | £404 | £64 | £468 | £9,604 | 20.5 yrs | £-241 |
| 4 kW | 2845 kWh | 1991 kWh | 853 kWh | £539 | £85 | £624 | £11,638 | 18.6 yrs | £845 |
| 5 kW | 3556 kWh | 2489 kWh | 1067 kWh | £674 | £107 | £780 | £13,673 | 17.5 yrs | £1,931 |
| 6 kW | 4267 kWh | 2987 kWh | 1280 kWh | £808 | £128 | £936 | £15,707 | 16.8 yrs | £3,017 |
| 7 kW | 4978 kWh | 3485 kWh | 1493 kWh | £943 | £149 | £1,092 | £17,742 | 16.2 yrs | £4,103 |
| 8 kW | 5689 kWh | 3982 kWh | 1707 kWh | £1,078 | £171 | £1,248 | £19,776 | 15.8 yrs | £5,190 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £798, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1422 kWh | 1038 kWh | 384 kWh | £281 | £38 | £319 | £9,319 | 29.2 yrs | £-2,932 |
| 3 kW | 2133 kWh | 1557 kWh | 576 kWh | £421 | £58 | £479 | £11,354 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,773 |
| 4 kW | 2845 kWh | 2076 kWh | 768 kWh | £562 | £77 | £639 | £13,388 | 21.0 yrs | £-614 |
| 5 kW | 3556 kWh | 2596 kWh | 960 kWh | £702 | £96 | £798 | £15,423 | 19.3 yrs | £545 |
| 6 kW | 4267 kWh | 3115 kWh | 1152 kWh | £843 | £115 | £958 | £17,457 | 18.2 yrs | £1,704 |
| 7 kW | 4978 kWh | 3634 kWh | 1344 kWh | £983 | £134 | £1,118 | £19,492 | 17.4 yrs | £2,863 |
| 8 kW | 5689 kWh | 4153 kWh | 1536 kWh | £1,124 | £154 | £1,277 | £21,526 | 16.9 yrs | £4,022 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £811, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 21.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1422 kWh | 1067 kWh | 356 kWh | £289 | £36 | £324 | £11,069 | 34.1 yrs | £-4,585 |
| 3 kW | 2133 kWh | 1600 kWh | 533 kWh | £433 | £53 | £486 | £13,104 | 26.9 yrs | £-3,377 |
| 4 kW | 2845 kWh | 2133 kWh | 711 kWh | £577 | £71 | £648 | £15,138 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,170 |
| 5 kW | 3556 kWh | 2667 kWh | 889 kWh | £722 | £89 | £811 | £17,173 | 21.2 yrs | £-962 |
| 6 kW | 4267 kWh | 3200 kWh | 1067 kWh | £866 | £107 | £973 | £19,207 | 19.7 yrs | £245 |
| 7 kW | 4978 kWh | 3733 kWh | 1244 kWh | £1,010 | £124 | £1,135 | £21,242 | 18.7 yrs | £1,453 |
| 8 kW | 5689 kWh | 4267 kWh | 1422 kWh | £1,155 | £142 | £1,297 | £23,276 | 17.9 yrs | £2,660 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £823, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1422 kWh | 1095 kWh | 327 kWh | £296 | £33 | £329 | £13,519 | 41.1 yrs | £-6,938 |
| 3 kW | 2133 kWh | 1643 kWh | 491 kWh | £445 | £49 | £494 | £15,554 | 31.5 yrs | £-5,682 |
| 4 kW | 2845 kWh | 2190 kWh | 654 kWh | £593 | £65 | £658 | £17,588 | 26.7 yrs | £-4,426 |
| 5 kW | 3556 kWh | 2738 kWh | 818 kWh | £741 | £82 | £823 | £19,623 | 23.9 yrs | £-3,170 |
| 6 kW | 4267 kWh | 3285 kWh | 981 kWh | £889 | £98 | £987 | £21,657 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,914 |
| 7 kW | 4978 kWh | 3833 kWh | 1145 kWh | £1,037 | £114 | £1,152 | £23,692 | 20.6 yrs | £-658 |
| 8 kW | 5689 kWh | 4381 kWh | 1308 kWh | £1,185 | £131 | £1,316 | £25,726 | 19.5 yrs | £598 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.