A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 802 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £675, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1605 kWh | 642 kWh | 963 kWh | £174 | £96 | £270 | £4,069 | 15.1 yrs | £1,331 |
| 3 kW | 2407 kWh | 963 kWh | 1444 kWh | £261 | £144 | £405 | £6,104 | 15.1 yrs | £1,996 |
| 4 kW | 3210 kWh | 1284 kWh | 1926 kWh | £347 | £193 | £540 | £8,138 | 15.1 yrs | £2,661 |
| 5 kW | 4012 kWh | 1605 kWh | 2407 kWh | £434 | £241 | £675 | £10,173 | 15.1 yrs | £3,327 |
| 6 kW | 4814 kWh | 1926 kWh | 2889 kWh | £521 | £289 | £810 | £12,207 | 15.1 yrs | £3,992 |
| 7 kW | 5617 kWh | 2247 kWh | 3370 kWh | £608 | £337 | £945 | £14,242 | 15.1 yrs | £4,658 |
| 8 kW | 6419 kWh | 2568 kWh | 3851 kWh | £695 | £385 | £1,080 | £16,276 | 15.1 yrs | £5,323 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £812, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1605 kWh | 963 kWh | 642 kWh | £261 | £64 | £325 | £6,169 | 19.0 yrs | £326 |
| 3 kW | 2407 kWh | 1444 kWh | 963 kWh | £391 | £96 | £487 | £8,204 | 16.8 yrs | £1,539 |
| 4 kW | 3210 kWh | 1926 kWh | 1284 kWh | £521 | £128 | £649 | £10,238 | 15.8 yrs | £2,752 |
| 5 kW | 4012 kWh | 2407 kWh | 1605 kWh | £651 | £160 | £812 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £3,965 |
| 6 kW | 4814 kWh | 2889 kWh | 1926 kWh | £782 | £193 | £974 | £14,307 | 14.7 yrs | £5,178 |
| 7 kW | 5617 kWh | 3370 kWh | 2247 kWh | £912 | £225 | £1,137 | £16,342 | 14.4 yrs | £6,390 |
| 8 kW | 6419 kWh | 3851 kWh | 2568 kWh | £1,042 | £257 | £1,299 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,603 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £880, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1605 kWh | 1123 kWh | 481 kWh | £304 | £48 | £352 | £7,569 | 21.5 yrs | £-527 |
| 3 kW | 2407 kWh | 1685 kWh | 722 kWh | £456 | £72 | £528 | £9,604 | 18.2 yrs | £960 |
| 4 kW | 3210 kWh | 2247 kWh | 963 kWh | £608 | £96 | £704 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,447 |
| 5 kW | 4012 kWh | 2808 kWh | 1204 kWh | £760 | £120 | £880 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £3,933 |
| 6 kW | 4814 kWh | 3370 kWh | 1444 kWh | £912 | £144 | £1,056 | £15,707 | 14.9 yrs | £5,420 |
| 7 kW | 5617 kWh | 3932 kWh | 1685 kWh | £1,064 | £169 | £1,232 | £17,742 | 14.4 yrs | £6,907 |
| 8 kW | 6419 kWh | 4493 kWh | 1926 kWh | £1,216 | £193 | £1,408 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,394 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £901, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1605 kWh | 1171 kWh | 433 kWh | £317 | £43 | £360 | £9,319 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,112 |
| 3 kW | 2407 kWh | 1757 kWh | 650 kWh | £476 | £65 | £541 | £11,354 | 21.0 yrs | £-544 |
| 4 kW | 3210 kWh | 2343 kWh | 867 kWh | £634 | £87 | £721 | £13,388 | 18.6 yrs | £1,025 |
| 5 kW | 4012 kWh | 2929 kWh | 1083 kWh | £793 | £108 | £901 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,594 |
| 6 kW | 4814 kWh | 3514 kWh | 1300 kWh | £951 | £130 | £1,081 | £17,457 | 16.1 yrs | £4,163 |
| 7 kW | 5617 kWh | 4100 kWh | 1517 kWh | £1,110 | £152 | £1,261 | £19,492 | 15.5 yrs | £5,732 |
| 8 kW | 6419 kWh | 4686 kWh | 1733 kWh | £1,268 | £173 | £1,441 | £21,526 | 14.9 yrs | £7,301 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £915, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1605 kWh | 1204 kWh | 401 kWh | £326 | £40 | £366 | £11,069 | 30.3 yrs | £-3,753 |
| 3 kW | 2407 kWh | 1805 kWh | 602 kWh | £489 | £60 | £549 | £13,104 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,129 |
| 4 kW | 3210 kWh | 2407 kWh | 802 kWh | £651 | £80 | £732 | £15,138 | 20.7 yrs | £-506 |
| 5 kW | 4012 kWh | 3009 kWh | 1003 kWh | £814 | £100 | £915 | £17,173 | 18.8 yrs | £1,118 |
| 6 kW | 4814 kWh | 3611 kWh | 1204 kWh | £977 | £120 | £1,097 | £19,207 | 17.5 yrs | £2,742 |
| 7 kW | 5617 kWh | 4213 kWh | 1404 kWh | £1,140 | £140 | £1,280 | £21,242 | 16.6 yrs | £4,365 |
| 8 kW | 6419 kWh | 4814 kWh | 1605 kWh | £1,303 | £160 | £1,463 | £23,276 | 15.9 yrs | £5,989 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £928, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1605 kWh | 1236 kWh | 369 kWh | £334 | £37 | £371 | £13,519 | 36.4 yrs | £-6,093 |
| 3 kW | 2407 kWh | 1854 kWh | 554 kWh | £502 | £55 | £557 | £15,554 | 27.9 yrs | £-4,415 |
| 4 kW | 3210 kWh | 2471 kWh | 738 kWh | £669 | £74 | £743 | £17,588 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,737 |
| 5 kW | 4012 kWh | 3089 kWh | 923 kWh | £836 | £92 | £928 | £19,623 | 21.1 yrs | £-1,058 |
| 6 kW | 4814 kWh | 3707 kWh | 1107 kWh | £1,003 | £111 | £1,114 | £21,657 | 19.4 yrs | £620 |
| 7 kW | 5617 kWh | 4325 kWh | 1292 kWh | £1,170 | £129 | £1,299 | £23,692 | 18.2 yrs | £2,298 |
| 8 kW | 6419 kWh | 4943 kWh | 1476 kWh | £1,338 | £148 | £1,485 | £25,726 | 17.3 yrs | £3,977 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.